CLOUDSTACK

David Nalley david@cloudstack.orgTwitter/identi.ca: @ke4qqq / IRC: ke4qqq in #cloudstack on freenode

L ICENSING

This presentation and it’s contents unless otherwise noted are released under a Creative Commons Attributions, Share-Alike 3.0 unported license.

HISTORY

Original company formed - 2008 (VMOps) Project open sourced as CloudStack – May 2010 Acquired by Citrix – July 2011 Dropped open core – August 2011 Release of Acton (3.0) – Real soon now

WHAT IS CLOUDSTACK?

Open Source Infrastructure as a Service platform that supports multiple hypervisors, complex network, firewall, load balancer and VPN configurations, high availability, in a multi-tenant environment.

WHAT DOES IT REALLY DO?

Provide separation for the varied tenants Allocate compute resources in a deterministic manner Expose to the end user the ability to provision various

computing services in a controlled manner (VLAN allocation, firewall rules, load balancer deployment, VM creation, etc)

Manage High Availability Massively Scalable Permit the placement of resource limits to be applied Measuring usage over time

MULTIPLE HYPERVISOR SUPPORT

KVM XenServer Xen Cloud Platform VMware (via vCenter) Oracle VM Bare Metal

MULTI-TENANT SEPARATION

Largely built around abstraction from an end-user POV No interaction with hypervisor directly No knowledge of underlying storage

Networking separation Every account has at least one dedicated/isolated VLAN

(Tagged Networking) Layer 3 isolation aka Security Groups for untagged

networking Option to use dedicated hardware

NETWORKING

CloudStack has a number of network models They are generally broken down by:

Method of isolation (VLAN, Security Groups) Physical hardware or virtual

CloudStack largely manages network infrastructure

NETWORKING

Services managed by CloudStack DHCP VLAN allocation Firewall NAT/Port forwarding Routing VPN Load Balancing

NETWORKING

CloudStack can also manage physical network hardware (or the virtualized alternatives) F5-Big IP NetScaler Juniper SRX

Additionally you can ‘mix and match’ some network elements as service offerings.

SECURITY GROUPS

Traditional isolation has been via VLAN VLANs isolate well, but have some problems scaling

Standard has a hard limit of 4096 VLANs Hardware that can actually keep up with 4096 VLANs is

VERY expensive. Regardless people tend to not like having arbitrary limits

on what they can do. Amazon and others use layer 3 isolation (Security

Groups)

SECURITY GROUPS

Assumption of a quasi-trusted Layer 2 network Typically will only have hypervisors directly connected to

that network. Filtering/isolation occurs at the bridge device (from a

Linux perspective – think ebtables) Deny by default

SECURITY GROUPS

SECURITY GROUPS

HIGH AVAILABIL ITY

RFMTTR – but apparently HA looks better in marketing slicks and is used that way across the virtualization industry.

CloudStack is not a magical solution for HA – but might be a useful tool in the process to increase availability.

CloudStack will watch for HA-enabled VMs to ensure that they are up, and that the hypervisor it’s on is up – and will restart on another hypervisor if it goes down.

Redundant router

ALLOCATION ALGORITHMS

How do you place VMs?, allocate storage, etc. CloudStack ships with a number of options:

First Fit Fill first Disperse Create your own

Tags OS Preference

USAGE

Not billing per se – but does give you something to bill against.

Usage stats show VM count, CPU usage, disk allocation and usage, network usage; all over time.

Lots of integration and howto’s - from Excel spreadsheets to Ubersmith, Amysta, and Cloud Portal.

HIGH LEVEL ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW

© Copyright David Baird and licensed for reuse under this CC-BY

SECONDARY STORAGE

Used for storing templates and snapshots Historically NFS – just added the option of object storage

Technically Swift, but Caringo, GlusterFS and others should work.

Managed by Secondary Storage VM – manages moving templates and snapshots from/to primary storage, aging snapshots out, etc.

PRIMARY STORAGE

In the UI we support NFS, iSCSI, and CLVM. We can also make use of local storage

No HA, no live migration, etc. Shared mountpoint

Anything that all the hypervisors can mount and write to.

RESOURCE DIVIS ION

We have some somewhat arbitrary divisions of resources within CloudStack Zones

• Pods– Clusters

ZONE

In general practice this is used to designate a specific geographic location.

Shares secondary storage resource across the entire zone Single network model for the entire zone

POD

In general practice – this is used to refer a rack of machines or a row of racks.

Shares guest network

CLUSTER

This is typically a max of 8-15 machines per cluster and homogenity is enforced: Same hypervisor (and same version of the hypervisor) Same CPUs Same networking (i.e. /dev/eth0 is connected to the same

network across all machines) Primary storage is cluster specific

PLETHORA OF NETWORKS

Management Network: Where the hypervisors and management server communicate

Private Network: Default network for system VMs. (virtual router, secondary storage VM, Console proxy VM)

Public Network: The public (often internet-facing network)

Guest Network: The network that VMs are provisioned on.

Link-local network: The RFC 3927 network used for communication between hypervisor and system VMs.

MANAGEMENT SERVER

UI/API pieces are stateless (state is stored in a MySQL database.

All UI functionality is an API call

API

RESTful API interface Unauthenticated API interace on 8096 (for localhost) Authenticated API interface natively on port 8080 Responses in XML or JSON http://demo4.cloudstack.org/client/api?

apikey=ZRFLiXIkmAHqgRmZzdiXMfaROyK35P_dXxS517WSa9Tmy1Hg&command=deployVirtualMachine&serviceofferingid=1&templateid=291&zoneid=1&signature=eXW%2fxfqx%2fhu%2frMreFksVsp3cT4M%3d

UI

Go play with the UI

QUESTIONS

ASK!

CONTACT

http://cloudstack.org Docs: http://docs.cloudstack.org IRC: #cloudstack on Freenode Twitter/identi.ca: @cloudstack Mailing Lists

https://lists.sourceforge.net/mailman/listinfo/cloudstack-users https://lists.sourceforge.net/mailman/listinfo/cloudstack-devel

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