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Who FLUPA are? What is usability? How to ensure the usability of a software? User Centered Design in agile projects
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www.flupa.eu
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Usability and User-Centered Design
Agile Tour 2010Luxembourg
Lou Schwartz
www.flupa.eu
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• Who we are?• What is usability?• How to ensure the usability of a software?• User Centered Design in agile projects
Plan
www.flupa.eu
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• Who we are?• What is usability?• How to ensure the usability of a software?• User Centered Design in agile projects
Plan
www.flupa.eu
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France Luxembourg Usability Professionals’ Association
• Local chapter of UPA http://www.upassoc.org– 46 local chapters– 3055 members in 57 countries
• Objectives of FLUPA– Promoting usability of HCI– Increase public awareness of user centered design and
ergonomics approach – Lead a network of professionals
• Members with various profiles– Psychologists, ergonomists, designers, software
engineers and developers, communication specialists …– Professionals, administration, researchers, students, …
www.flupa.eu
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France Luxembourg Usability Professionals’ Association
• 3 units– Luxembourg, Grenoble, Paris
www.flupa.eu
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France Luxembourg Usability Professionals’ Association
• 3 units– Luxembourg, Grenoble, Paris
• Organization of events– Breakfast around a theme, World Usability
Day, barbecues, …
Next events
• 11/11 Lux – World Usability day: usability and communication
• 17/11 Grenoble – Breakfast: usability and video games
• xx/12 Lux – Breakfast: mock-up design
• xx/01 Paris – Breakfast: tactile interfaces
www.flupa.eu
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France Luxembourg Usability Professionals’ Association
• 3 units– Luxembourg, Grenoble, Paris
• Organization of events– Breakfast around a theme, World Usability
Day, barbecues, …
• Communication– Web site www.flupa.eu – Forum http://forum.flupa.eu/phpbb/ – Twitter http://twitter.com/assoFlupa – Newsletter– …
www.flupa.eu
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• Who we are?• What is usability?• How to ensure the usability of a software?• User Centered Design in agile projects
Plan
www.flupa.eu
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What is Ergonomics?Science of designing user interactions
Ergonomics
Usefulness Usability
www.flupa.eu
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Why ergonomics?• Ensures the usability
– Following the logic of users
– Fulfilling performance, efficiency criteria
– Understanding the user's capabilities and limits http://www.cadfanatic.com/2009/08/solidworks-usability-testing/
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Why ergonomics?• Ensures the usability
– Following the logic of users
– Fulfilling performance, efficiency criteria
– Understanding the user's capabilities and limits
• To avoid accidents/incidents
http://www.cadfanatic.com/2009/08/solidworks-usability-testing/
www.flupa.eu
What is usability?• Official definition (ISO 9241-11:1998)
– “The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use”
– Effectiveness
– Efficiency
– Satisfaction
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www.flupa.eu
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• Who we are?• What is usability?• How to ensure the usability of a software?• User Centered Design in agile projects
Plan
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www.flupa.eu
How to ensure the usability of a software?• User centered design process (ISO 13407)
• Design process that places the user in the middle of the project
• Concentrates the efforts to answer to the user needs/objectives
• Principles• Active participation of users • Comprehension of users needs and users tasks• Develop only what is useful to be supported by the tool• Development by iterations• Multidisciplinary
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How to ensure the usability of a software?• Conducted by a
usability expert
• Who uses methods (ISO 16982 and others)• Observation of users • Evaluation by an expert• Questionnaires• Interviews• Card sorting• Personas• Focus groups• …
Do we need a UCD approach?
Understand and specify context of use
Specify needs of users and objectives of organization
Propose design or develop software
Evaluation of design / requirements
The system covers the users and organization requirements
www.flupa.eu
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• Who we are?• What is usability?• How to ensure the usability of a software?• User Centered Design in agile projects
Plan
www.flupa.eu
UCD vs Agility ?Compatibilities17UCD principles – ISO 13407 Agility
Iteration of design solutions Iterative cycle
An appropriate allocation of functions between users and technology
The active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements
Multi-disciplinary design
Agile values UCD
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
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UCD principles – ISO 13407 Agility
Iteration of design solutions Iterative cycle
An appropriate allocation of functions between users and technology
Limits of what has to be develop are defined by the product ownerSimplicity--the art of maximizing the amount of work not done--is essential.
The active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements
Multi-disciplinary design
Agile values UCD
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
UCD principles – ISO 13407 Agility
Iteration of design solutions Iterative cycle
An appropriate allocation of functions between users and technology
Limits of what has to be develop are defined by the product ownerSimplicity--the art of maximizing the amount of work not done--is essential.
The active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements
One user is implied throughout the project (the product owner)• Defines requirements• Remembers the context of use• Validates the work doneBut can imply some users as “chicken”
Multi-disciplinary design
Agile values UCD
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
UCD principles – ISO 13407 Agility
Iteration of design solutions Iterative cycle
An appropriate allocation of functions between users and technology
Limits of what has to be develop are defined by the product ownerSimplicity--the art of maximizing the amount of work not done--is essential.
The active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements
One user is implied throughout the project (the product owner)• Defines requirements• Remembers the context of use• Validates the work doneBut can imply some users as “chicken”
Multi-disciplinary design Few multi-disciplinary only developers and product owner (business view) at minimumBut multi-disciplinary is not rejected
Agile values UCD
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
UCD principles – ISO 13407 Agility
Iteration of design solutions Iterative cycle
An appropriate allocation of functions between users and technology
Limits of what has to be develop are defined by the product ownerSimplicity--the art of maximizing the amount of work not done--is essential.
The active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements
One user is implied throughout the project (the product owner)• Defines requirements• Remembers the context of use• Validates the work doneBut can imply some users as “chicken”
Multi-disciplinary design Few multi-disciplinary only developers and product owner (business view) at minimumBut multi-disciplinary is not rejected
Agile values UCD
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Ok
www.flupa.eu
UCD vs Agility ?Impediments
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Agile values UCD
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Adapt methods to the agile contextsimplify to do them in only one iterationlimit the production of documentation, …
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Reacting to change over following a plan
Agile values UCD
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Adapt methods to the agile contextsimplify to do them in only one iterationlimit the production of documentation, …
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Do only what is necessaryLighten the results to enhance their impact and usefulnessDon’t need to use great software to do this
Reacting to change over following a plan
Agile values UCD
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Adapt methods to the agile contextsimplify to do them in only one iterationlimit the production of documentation, …
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Do only what is necessaryLighten the results to enhance their impact and usefulnessDon’t need to use great software to do this
Reacting to change over following a plan Light global vision can be defined during the sprint 0Maybe do an epic during the project on usability to ensure the homogeneityFocus on the iteration requirements, don’t try to do all at the same time
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How to do agile UCD ?
The proposal of adaption the most frequently cited are• Imply one or more usability expert(s) in your team
• Imply all actors in the team meetings
– Stand up meetings, specifications, demonstrations, …
– Sometimes it is proposed to add interfaces design meetings
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How to do agile UCD ?• Keep iterative cycle• Work in parallel but in the same team
– With one sprint of timing delay– Or in the same sprint, cutting the sprint into 3 phases
• Redefine artefacts of work
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How to do agile UCD ?• Keep iterative cycle• Work in parallel but in the same team
– With one sprint of timing delay– Or in the same sprint, cutting the sprint into 3 phases
• Redefine artefacts of work
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How to do agile UCD ?• Adapt usability methods to the agile context
– Simplify– Use only methods usable in agile– Change the granularity of usability investigations– Change the reporting of usability investigations– Possibility to dedicate an epic to the review of the homogeneity– Use the cycle 0 for usability investigations
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Some good references• UCD
– Don’t Make Me Think by Steve Krug (ISBN-10: 0789723107)– UPA http://www.upassoc.org/usability_resources/
• Agile and UCD– Jean-Claude Grosjean’s Weblog
• http://www.qualitystreet.fr/ • Coaching Agile, Experience Utilisateur, Tests Logiciels et Ergonomie IHM
– Miller, Lynn. Case Study of Customer Input For a Successful Product, Proceedings of the Agile 2005 conference.
• http://agileproductdesign.com/useful_papers/miller_customer_input_in_agile_projects.pdf
– Sy, Desiree. Adapting Usability Investigations for Agile User-Centered Design., Journal of Usability Studies, Volume 2, Issue 3, May 2007, pp. 112-132 http://www.upassoc.org/upa_publications/jus/2007may/agile-ucd.html
– Schwartz, L. and al., Comment concilier agilité et conception centrée utilisateurs dans un projet de développement?, IHM’09, http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1629881#
– Guide d’intégration de CCU à SCRUM (in French, not yet validated) • http://pyxis-tech.com/fr/expertise/guide-dintegration-de-ccu-a-scrum
www.flupa.eu
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Thanks for your attention !
[email protected] events• 11 Nov, Lux – World Usability day: usability and
communication
• 17 Nov, Grenoble – Breakfast: usability and video games
• December, Lux – Breakfast: mock-up design
• January, Paris – Breakfast: tactile interfaces
Contacts
Web site www.flupa.eu
Forum http://forum.flupa.eu/
Twitter @assoFlupa
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