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Social responsibility and ethics relate to a number of aspects, which are partly dependent on the domain in question. As maps on (cultural) landscape and heritage aim at guiding the future landscape and both are complex, diverse and 'contested' domains , it is crucial what and how is mapped. Participation and democracy, acting or non-acting – as in ‘good’, ‘bad’ or ‘ignorant´ – are therefore important. To evaluate the (many) Dutch maps on cultural heritage on these matters, a framework has been developed. As it turns out, the general level of social responsibility is rather low. Main causes may be a lack of both awareness and expertise, as well as viewing maps merely as ‘representations’ rather than a form of communication.
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The good
The bad
‘The ignorant’
CulturalLandscape
Landscapeheritage
Ethics
Maps,information
The good, the bad and the ignorant:
Ethics and landscape heritage maps
Sophie Visser Symposium Mapping Ethics Lausanne, April 14-15, 2011
Personal background
-M. Sc. In Chemistry & Informatics
-Career in information systems (organization & user oriented)
-M.A. in (Historical) Geography 2006
-Independent consultant LandZij/ PhD student Utrecht University
Landscape heritage maps:
‘hardly useful’ – why?
Example : “Main heritage structure“ map, Province of South-Holland
ÞDoes what it says (‘main structure’) Þbut: - (too) selective
- no object-names - no object-information
Example: “Knowledge Infrastructure Cult. Heritage”, National system, < 2010
ÞRepresents ‘knowledge’ ?! Þ - selectivity!
- object-names : yes - object-information : hardly
-Appears to show more objects-But: -point icons for everything -hardly ‘real’ landscape objects + information => e.g. 3 unnamed objects + 7 general descriptions
Example: “Knowledge Infrastructure Cult. Heritage”, National system, > 2010
‘Social responsibility framework’ for maps (and more …..)
Levels (aggregated) Is about
Map as visualization ‘clear’ + useful
Landscape heritage & information what + why present + information
Choices & criteria ‘why’ (or not)
Process & method
Policy & process context
Effects & impacts on use & users Practical /emotional effects => on use
Effects & impacts on society Impacts on landscape
In the present
Towardsthe future
More background: what, how, whom, why (or not)
‘Social responsibility framework’ (2)
=> Judged from a local perspective
Framework levels Province KICH < 2010 KICH > 2010
Map visualization +/- + - Landscape heritage & information +/- Region-dependent:
- - +-
Choices & criteria
Process & method
Policy & process context
Effects & impacts on use & users
What do with it? Not for landscape…
Hardly used in general?
Effects & impacts on society
√
e.g. – non-mapped cultural history? - status, power, …?
~general
in recentreports
~general
Policies from‘90s!
(+ partly not clear)
National
Provincial
Regional
Local
Administrative levels/scale
Activity types
Problem => Views and heritage maps : provided needed (1)
Policy general detailed management education,plan plan & tourism
maintenance
Heritage map
Heritage map
needed heritageinformation
Other needs views people activities contexts
By – professionals - authorities
‘Represen-tation’
Landscape/heritage activities use(Future)
Landscape/heritage
Heritageevaluation
Cultural history research
Mapping => a processes-in-context with actors and impacts(1)
Text, Visualization, Publication
Topographic map
GIS
Mapping as communication-in-context
(1) Uses-in-context(s)(2) ‘Inscribing the landscape’
(Future)Landscape/heritage
Mapping => a processe-in-context with actors and impacts(2)
‘ignorant’ ‘good’
Is all this ‘an issue’? => expertise, awareness, discussion, …
Upon clicking: 10 objects
Unnamed built heritage 1800-1945
Area: Netherlands
Unnamed built heritage 1800-1945
Area: Regional description
Area: Fens
Mid-Netherlands fens area
Peat/fens reclamation
Lakes from peat digging
Unspecified border
Peat reclamation parcellation
Example: “Knowledge Infrastructure Cult. Heritage”, National system, > 2010
