Automatic Drip Irrigation System

Introduction:

In India economy is mainly based on agriculture.

The continuous extraction of water from earth is reducing the water level.

Unplanned use of water results in significant amount of water goes waste.

Poor irrigation efficiency of conventional irrigation system reduced the anticipated outcome of investments made towards water resource development

Drip Irrigation:

Drip irrigation system delivers water to the crop using a network of mainlines, sub-mains and lateral lines with emission points spaced along their lengths.

Water and nutrients enter the soil from the emitters, moving into the root zone of the plants

Drip Irrigation system

Field Work:

Surveyed area is 30 Acres and they are using 60,000 ltrs of water daily for drip which is reduced from 1 lakh litres by normal irrigation methods.

Tank capacity is 1.5 lakhs of litres.

Electricity supply is 4-6 hrs daily for agriculture and even less in summer. Normal irrigations requires 1 lakh lit of water for 3 acers 20 min of water supply of 2 days for each plant by drippers.

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For an acre the equipment cost is nearly Rs 10,000.

There is 1 main line and 7 sub lines. Main line is of 90mm. Sub line is of 60mm.

Each tree needs 25-30 liters of water per day in normal times. And 50 liters in yielding season.

Water flow rate to tank is 120 liters/min.

Water flow rate from tank to field is 420 liters/min.

Proposed system:

To eliminate the electricity shortage, we use a battery back up which serves best in summer.

The water wastage can be reduced upto 60% by this automated system by using sensors.

Manual intervention is reduced.

The yield will be improved by this system.

Problem Statement: Nearly 20% of the farmers are

dependent on electric water pumps for irrigation which demands electricity.

The increased demand for power in urban areas have further deteriorated the power supply to agriculture sectors .

we use battery bank setup to avoid the effects of the unavailability of the electric power during the peak hours.

Though the farmer is not availed with electricity, he can run the motor pump and necessary loads with the battery backups.

Overview of implementation

Functional Diagram

Sensor

Relay Circuit

Total setup

LCD Display

Analog to Digital Conversion

sensor

SOIL MOISTURE MONITORING:   Irrigation management is about

deciding when to irrigate and how much water to apply.

Yields can suffer if irrigation is delayed and available moisture within the root zone of the crop is appreciably reduced.

Irrigation efficiency is reduced if water is applied in excess of what the soil can infiltrate or retain.

The soil moisture status within irrigated fields is critical information to maximize the irrigation efficiency.

Moisture content differs for different kinds of soils.

Basic types of soils include.o Sandy soilo Clay soilo Loam soil

Sandy soil

Sandy Loam Soil

Clay Soil

Loam Soil

Gumbo Soils

Sandy Loam/Clay Loam

The pros of this venture are: 

Intelligent and Efficient management of resources

Precise control of operation Accuracy on the parameters Timely action Robust and Reliable Low cost with greater technology Easy going Eco Friendly