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Institute for Information Systems & New Media
Experience Breeding in Process-Aware Information Systems
Sonja Kabicher-Fuchs (Presenter) Jürgen Mangler Stefanie Rinderle-Ma University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Research Group Workflow Systems and Technology [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
CAISE 2013, Valencia
Agenda
Problem and motivation
Approach
Research approach
Experience breeding
Experiences
Experience levels
Experience goals
Experience measurements and rules
Simulation design & simulation
Conclusion
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected] 2
Experience Breeding
Image courtesy of
patpitchaya /
FreeDigitalPhotos.net
Image courtesy of
twobee /
FreeDigitalPhotos.net
Problem & Motivation
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Pros
Specification, execution, and control
of business processes
Coordination of work becomes easier
A higher quality of service is delivered
Work is executed more efficiently
The process becomes more flexible
Criticism & Fears
☓ Mechanical approach to office work
☓ Rigidity and monotony of work
☓ View on users as exchangeable resources and not as a human beings
Workflow Systems
Vanderfeesten, I.: Workflow Management As You Like It. BPM Trends (2005)
Approach
Progression, maintenance and neglection of experience levels according to experience goals set by users
On top of role-based task allocation For a tighter integration of humans into workflow systems
Enables users to, e.g.: Track which experiences they gain while working on process
tasks Express experience shaping goals
Enables employers to, e.g.: Improve task allocation to users Analyze users’ goals
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Experience Breeding
Job knowledge
Process &Task
experiences
incre
ase
s
Image courtesy of patpitchaya /
FreeDigitalPhotos.net
Image courtesy of twobee /
FreeDigitalPhotos.net
Research Approach
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Conceptualization Prototyping Simulation Design &
Preliminary Simulation
def frequency(*data)
@frequency = data
end
private :frequency
def rating(value=nil,&bl)
if value.nil? && block_given?
@rating = bl
elsif value.instance_of?(String)
@rating_start = value
end
end
private :rating
rule 'Noob' do # pro user, pro
experience
frequency 'every day'
rating start '3 weeks ago'
rating { count +
duration(10)/10 + quality(10)*7 +
importance(10)/10 * 3 }
difference linear, 10, 15, 20
end
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
How can experiences be integrated (defined, measured, updated) in
Process-Aware Information Systems (PAIS) in order to be able to consider
them for a user-centric task-allocation?
Continuous R
efinem
ent
Experience Breeding
Ingredients
Experiences
Experience levels
Experience goals
Experience measurements & rules
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Example: fictive company GARDEN
Experience Breeding Ingredients
Experiences
Experience levels
Experience goals
Experience measurements & rules
Experiences
Collected by a person during performance of tasks
Formed in daily work settings
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Task
experience(s)
Role experiences
Process experiences
GARDEN - Experiences
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Integration with Tasks
1
2
3
Task “Draw Up Landscape Plan”
process “Small Customer Garden”, 20
process “Big Customer Garden”, 50
role “Landscape Designer”
experience “Checking Feasibility and Identifying Requirements”, 20%
experience “Designing Landscapes”, 80%
end
importance
of task for process
(0…60)
contribution
to task in %
name of
experience
our contribution normal information assigned
to/available for tasks
description of data in
conjunction with the ER diagram
GARDEN - Experiences
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Integration with User
User ‘Martin’
role ‘Landscape Designer’
experiences
is ‘Valuable’ at ‘Designing Landscapes’
is ‘Noob’ at ‘Dealing with Customers’
end
goals
become ‘Specialist’ at ‘Designing Landscapes’
increases experience with ‘Dealing with Customers’
end
end
name of
Experience
goal Level
goal
Experience
current Level
1
2
3
our contribution normal information assigned
to/available for tasks
description of data in
conjunction with the ER diagram
Experience Breeding Ingredients
Experiences
Experience levels
Experience goals
Experience measurements & rules
Experience Levels
Different labeling for levels
Labeling and number of levels can be adjusted by a company
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Noob
Valuable
Specialist
Experience Breeding Ingredients
Experiences
Experience levels
Experience goals
Experience measurements & rules
Experience Goals
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Become OR Remain [LEVEL] at [EXPERIENCE] (optional [UNTIL]).
Collect OR Maintain OR Neglect experience with
[EXPERIENCE] (optional [LEVEL] [UNTIL]).
Collect OR Maintain OR Neglect experiences for task [TASK]
(optional [UNTIL]).
Collect OR Maintain OR Neglect experiences for process [PROCESS]
(optional [UNTIL]).
Collect OR Maintain OR Neglect experiences for role [ROLE] (optional [UNTIL]).
Experience Breeding Ingredients
Experiences
Experience levels
Experience goals
Experience measurements & rules
Experience Measurements & Rules
Amount
Time
Task-result qualitative measurement
Type
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Previous work on experience measurements:
Count
Duration
Quality
Importance
How often has an experience been collected?
How long has an experience been collected?
How good was the task performed?
How important was the task performed?
ImportanceQualityDurationCount
…Value resulting from the experience measurement
xx xWEIGHT WEIGHT WEIGHT xWEIGHT
x …Multiplier
WEIGHT …Weight set by the company
…Operator set by the company (+, x,…)
Simulation Design & Simulation
Development of a simulation environment
Simulation and comparison of
Experience Breeding (EB)
Round Robin (RR)
Preliminary Results
EB supports users’ experience breeding goals more distinguished workforce
EB resulted in a higher count of Specialists due to users’ goals
RR supported a cyclic assignment Noob users got a higher number of tasks and a longer duration More Noob users became Valuable
RR resulted in a higher count of Valuables due to assignment
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
http://cpee.org/EB
Conclusion
Experience Breeding
new way of human-centric task allocation
on top of role-based task allocation
Particularly fruitful in organizational environments that
Uses PAIS
Has several processes
Organizes users using several roles in PAIS
Have more than one user assigned to a role
Allocates tasks of various processes to users
Identified/determined experiences for users/tasks
Is willing to use experience breeding.
CAISE 2013, Valencia – [email protected]
Experience Breeding in Process-Aware Information Systems
Sonja Kabicher-Fuchs (Presenter) Jürgen Mangler Stefanie Rinderle-Ma University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Research Group Workflow Systems and Technology [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
CAISE 2013, Valencia
