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Groene ICT&Duurzaamheid 2013
Computer simulations in an interdisciplinary summer school initiative for the Energy Sector
Prof dr Frances Brazier, Systems Enginerring,TBM, TUDelft
Groene ICT&Duurzaamheid 2013
The challenge – designing participation for sustainability
Participation in social-technical systems, systems that adapt
In the energy system
Networks in which self-organization is based on local coördination
Traditional energy market
Energy flows one direction from a
few big producers to many small
consumers (and industries).
• The situation is changing
• Distributed (green) generation
wind turbines, solar panels, etc.
• Consumer becomes producer.
• Role power companies is
changing;
• Ability for consumers to sell
power to each other.
• Each entity is represented by a
software agent;
• Agents can operate semi-
autonomously to negotiate
agreements to buy and sell
energy.
• But the real market is more
complicated;
• More agents, more
communication.
• But the real market is more
complicated;
• More agents, more
communication.
• Single agents can’t compete on
the large market, smaller
dynamic organisations are
more effective.
• They acquire autonomy.
• Organisations negotiate with
each other.
• Organisations negotiate with
each other and change
Technological self organisation at the level of the prosumer, based on communication
But …. for citizens to be able
to take responsibility and to act,
to participate,
socio-techical self organisation is needed.
Distributed ICT
networks
• Multi-agent systems
• Virtual organisations -
clustering;
• Merging realities
Physical networks
• buildings,
• wind turbines;
• power lines: transmission,
distribution;
• solar panels;
Social networks
• Social structures;
• Governance
• Communities
Social networks • Social structures • Governance • Communities } Distributed ICT networks • Multi-agent systems; • Virtual organisations
-clustering; • Merging realities;
}
Physical networks • houses, wind turbines; • power lines; • solar panels;
}
Participation
Social networks Governance Social structures
Distributed ICT networks Communication Virtual organisation
Physical netwokrs Physical infrastructure
Distributed management Multiple players: traders/brokers, prosumers
Dynamic demand/supply at all levels
New market mechanisms
New regulations
Dynamic clustering/communities
Distributed ICT Distributed power generation
Urban design
The first smart grid city in the US: Boulder, Colorado
Boulder
• Boulder has a very highly educated population
• Environmental concern high on their agenda
• National Renewable Energy Labs (NREL) leadership
• “Boulder is just one big technology magnet when it
comes to anything to do with alternative energy,
conservation and end use efficiency (Mauldin) ”
Well-regulated socio-techno eco system
The level of autonomy
is the city.
The level of autonomy in another case
is the community.
Requiring design based on
• Design for trust:
social acceptance, transparency, security
• Design for empowerment:
• Design for engagement:
Requires design based on
• Design for trust:
social acceptance, transparency, security
• Design for empowerment:
autonomy, self-management and self-regulation
• Design for engagement:
Requires design based on
• Design for trust:
social acceptance, transparency, security
• Design for empowerment:
autonomy, self-management and self-regulation
• Design for engagement:
interaction and collaboration
Design to engage, to trust, to relate… to participate
Taking responsibility, participating…
…requires trust, awareness and the ability to act.
The focus of Social Networks Understanding human participation in social technical ecological systems: social structures, governance, communities
The focus of participation at the level of Distributed ICT distributed social overlays/communities, load balancing distributed aggregation, distributed SLAs, distributed monitoring, distributed clustering Robustness, Resilience, Ability to Adapt, Security, Cascading effects
Studied in projects such as
Self-organisation of energy network on the basis of its
physical health, with agents representing physical
network – topology, distributed (RobuSmart)
Securing the European Electricity Supply Against
Malicious and accidental thrEats (SESAME, EU)
Self-Managed Dynamic Institutions in Power Grids:
Sharing the Cost of Reliability (NGI)
Focus of physical networks
Health of the physical network, design of robust topologies, resources and storage,
Modelling Prototyping Serious gaming System design
Multi-agent systems – the role of simulation
Design of distributed systems
Single machine simulation
agents
Design of distributed systems
Single machine simulation
Distributed simulation
AgentScape middleware platform supports both simulation and emulation of large-scale heterogeneous agent systems.
Distributed simulation?
Vermelding onderdeel organisatie
What are the steps in the development cycle? Program Time Network Application Application
Setting
Theoretical analysis modeled modeled modeled modeled modeled
1a Synchronized simulation
real modeled modeled modeled modeled
1b Asynchronous Simulation
real real modeled modeled modeled
2 Emulation real real real modeled modeled
3 Demonstrator real real real real modeled
Application deployment
real real real real real
January 31, 2013 43
Dynamic Adaptive Systems Group, Systems Engineering, TPM
AgentScape* is a platform designed
to this purpose… Framework for • scalable, • interactive, • secure, • robust, • interoperable • distributed autonomous systems/agents • supporting service agreement negotiation • and service agreement enforcement
*AgentScape development is currently a joint endeavour with Thales NL
AgentScape Conceptual Model
AgentScape
AgentScape kernel
host
manager
location
manager
agent
server
AgentScape
kernel interface
Web service
gateway
host
manager
agent
server
AgentScape middleware services
AgentScape location
AgentScape kernel
host
manager
location
manager
agent
server
AgentScape
kernel interface
web service
gateway
host
manager
agent
server
AgentScape middleware services
Agentscope Network/Environment
interface
January 31, 2013 47
Dynamic Adaptive Systems Group, Systems Engineering, TPM
PARTICIPATION
Thank you for your attention!
Design: Cok Francken
For more information: www.participatorysystems.org