RoboticsinConstructionBySaulLustgartensaull@mit.edu

Industrydrivers• Tasksthatcanbemostautomatedare

cheapforhumanlabortoperform

• Thismakesroboteconomicschallenging(mightaswellusehumansinsteadofmachines)

• Therefore,ratherthanlaborreplacement,robotadoptionseemstobedrivenby:• Workerssafety(i.e.remotedemolitions,

remoteinspections)• Efficiency(i.e.realtimesurveying,

continuous paving,etc)• Pushing theboundaries (i.e.masstiling,

contourcrafting,etc)

Source:http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/four_fundamentals_of_workplace_automationhttps://public.tableau.com/profile/mckinsey.analytics#!/vizhome/AutomationandUSjobs/Technicalpotentialforautomation

Applications

DemolitionRemotecontrolleddemolitionrobots.

• ConcreteSawing

• Demolition

• Waterbasedconcretedemolitionandrecycling

SurveyingDronesforaerialmappingandsurveyingconstructionsites.

Allowforreal-timesurveying,improvelogisticsandcollaborationacrossconstruction teams.

PavingRobotspaveroadswithbricksorconcrete.

Relieveworkersfromphysicallystrainingwork,improveefficiency.

ConcretefinishingAutomaticconcretetrowellingandpaving.

Automatestaskthatisrepetitiveandhardforhumanstodowell.

WeldingWeldingof3dstructures,steelbeamassemblyandsteelcutting.

BricklayingWorks intandemwithconstructionworkers,butlaysdown3xasmanybricksashuman.

Canlaybricksinunconventionalpatternstoachievenovelstructures.

DrillingTherobotprovidesaccurate,efficientdrillinginconcreteceilingsandpromisesfarlessstrainonworkers.

MassTilingRoboticproductionoftilingwork.Allowsfortheexistenceoftileswithunprecedenteddetail.Otherwisethesetileswouldbeeconomicallyunfeasible.

InspectionNon-destructivetechnicaldiagnosticsofbridges,tunnelsandotherstructures.

ExosuitsExosuits andexoskeletons helpconstructionworkershandleheavierloadswithout hurtingtheirbodies.

PrefabricatedRobotsmanufactureprefabpartsofbuildings.Inthiscase,thepanelsaredesignedwithinspatialconstraintsoftherobot.

RecyclingRobotshelpsortconstructionmaterialsandwasteforeasierrecycling.

AutonomoustrucksAutonomous trucksarebeingdevelopedtoincreasesafetyinconstructionareas.

Otherapplications

• Concretetransportation/distribution• Positioningofsteel• Fire resisting• Painting• Excavation/Earthmoving• Tunneling

EmergingTechnologyIContourCrafting“ContourCrafting(CC)isalayeredfabricationtechnologydevelopedbyDr.BehrokhKhoshnevis oftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.ContourCraftingtechnologyhasgreatpotentialforautomatingtheconstructionofwholestructuresaswellassub-components. Usingthisprocess,asinglehouseoracolonyofhouses, eachwithpossiblyadifferentdesign,maybeautomaticallyconstructedinasinglerun,embeddedineachhousealltheconduitsforelectrical,plumbingandair-conditioning”

Source:http://www.contourcrafting.org/

EmergingTechnologyIID-SHAPE” D-Shapeisanewroboticbuildingsystemusingnewmaterialstocreatesuperiorstone-likestructures.

Thisnewmachineryenablesfull-sizesandstonebuildingstobemadewithout humanintervention,usingastereolithography 3-Dprintingprocessthatrequiresonlysandandourspecialinorganicbindertooperate.D-Shapeisanewbuildingtechnologywhichwillrevolutionizethewayarchitecturaldesignisplanned,andbuildingconstructionsareexecuted.”

Source:http://www.d-shape.com/cose.htm

CompaniesURLs• https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/research/tfhrc/programs/infrastructure/structures/ltbp/ltbpresearch/rabit/index.cfm

• http://www.intron-plus.com/en/equipment/

• http://shb.skku.edu/irms/research/previous/cable.jsp

• http://www.concreteconstruction.net/jobsite-equipment/mobile-drilling-robot-from-nlink_t.aspx

• http://www.concreteconstruction.net/jobsite-equipment/mobile-drilling-robot-from-nlink_t.aspx

• http://www.technologyreview.com/news/540916/robots-lay-three-times-as-many-bricks-as-construction-workers/

• http://www.kranendonk.com/

• http://kiberys.com/

• http://www.rollit.se/english/rollit-robot/

• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/239410052_Automated_construction_in_Japan

• http://www.newportpartnersllc.com/technologies/miscellaneous/construction_robotics.html

• http://wonderfulengineering.com/tiger-stone-paving-machine-makes-brick-roads-like-laying-carpet/

• http://tiger-stone.nl/projecten/

• https://www.sensefly.com/applications/surveying.html

• https://www.skycatch.com/case-studies/constructionet/

• http://www.husqvarna.com/us/construction/products/demolition-robots-product-range/dxr-310/

• http://www.brokk.com/us/800P/

• http://www.roboticsbusinessreview.com/article/powering_up_construction_workers_with_exosuits/

• http://www.jnouki.kubota.co.jp/product/kanren/arm-1/

• http://amprobotics.com/

• http://zenrobotics.com/

• http://www.royaltruckandequipment.com/atma