WELCOME

RAILWAY SECURITY MONITORING SYSTEM USING VIBRATION SENSOR

AND ZIGBEE

PROJECT GUIDE

MRS.M.MANJUSHA PRESENTED BY,

ARUNA.S.J

ASWATHY.S

ASWATHY.V.G

contents Introduction

Existing system

Focus on

Components

Block diagrams

Descriptions

Over all working

Result and discussion

Conclusion

Reference

INTRODUCTION

In the rapidly flourishing country like ours, accidents in rail road railings are increasing day by day.

The train accidents cause severe damage to life and property

This project deals with one of the efficient method to avoid train accidents.

Causes for railway accidents

Human error.

Track problems or adverse weather conditions.

Derailment in curves and bends.

Mis-signaling due to fog or mist.

Collision between trains

Existing system

Oral communication through telephonic and telegraphic conversations.

IR sensors are also used to identify the cracks in the railway.

LASER Proximity Detector

Use of satellites for communication.

No combined solution for collision avoidance,derailment and railway gate control

•Train derailment in curves and bends •Collision between trains

•Automatic railway gate control

FOCUS ON

BLOCK DIAGRAMS

BASE STATION

Microcontroller (PIC 16f877a)

ZigBee

Servo motor for

gate control

Power

Vibration sensor

Components (base station)

•Micro controller(PIC 16f877a)

•Vibration sensor

•Servo motors

•ZigBee transceiver

Microcontroller (PIC 16f73)

ZigBeePower

Brake control

TRAIN SIDE

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Components (Train side)

•Micro controller(PIC 16f73)

•ZigBee transceiver

Vibration sensor

Uses piezoelectric effect

Vibration indicates the arrival or departure of train.

Sense the position of train at 1 to 3km away.

types

Mini sense 100-vertical

Mini sense 100-horizontal

Continued….

The sensor used here is mini sense 100 vertical

Mini sense 100 vertical

Continued….

High sensitivity

Good frequency response

Excellent linearity

Shielded construction

Analog output

With stands high shock

MICROCONTROLLER

Set of digital logic circuits integrated on a single chip.

Micro controller is for entire control.

Examples:8051,89c51,PIC,motorola etc

The micro controller used here is PIC

PIC MICROCONTROLLER

Powerful fully featured processor

High performance RISC CPU

Operating speed 20 mhz

Operating voltage 4.0 to 5.5v

Operating temperature range -40 to +85

• 8-bit microcontroller.

• 40 or 44 pin package.

• 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory.

• Interfaced with the input sensing devices.

PIC16f877a (Base station)

Pin diagram of pic 16f877a

sensor

oscillator

motor

zigbee

MICROCONTROLLER

• 256 bytes EEPROM.

• 8 KB of flash memory.

• 28 pin package.

• Placed inside the train.

PIC16f73 (TRAIN SIDE)

Pin diagram of pic 16f73

oscillator

zigbee

Tip 122

ZIGBEE Networking protocol

IEEE 802.15.4

suite for high level communication

Uses mesh network

Based on OSI architecture

Data rate-250 Kbits/sec

Rotary actuator

Modified form of DC motor

Precise control of angular position

Based on PWM switching

SERVO MOTOR

Gear system

Potentiometer

DC motor

Inside a servo motor

Pwm switching of servo motor

BASE STATION SIDE

TRAIN SIDE

Circuit diagram

BASE STATION SIDE

Power supply section Regulator IC (LM 7805)

Lithium ion battery

Sensor section Vibration sensor

Communication Zigbee transceiver section

TRAIN SIDE

Power supply section Regulator IC (LM 7805)

Lithium ion battery

Communication ZigBee transceiver section

Brake control section Transistor(TIP 122)

Relay switch

Collision between trains

Sensor sense the vibration.

More than one sensor show high value.

µc sends signal to µc in train side using zigbee transceiver .

Power supply will cutoff.

Collision can be avoided.

Train derailment in curves and bends

Sensor sense continuously.

µc doesn’t get value.

µc sends signal to µc in train side

Using zigbee transceiver section

Power supply will cutoff

Train will be stopped.

Automatic railway gate control

Sensor sense vibration 3 km away.

Output given to µc

µc give instruction to close the gate

Gate is closed automatically using servomotor.

Gate is opened after the train is passing

Automatic railway gate control

START

CHECK ANY DATA PRESENT

IF DATA RXED FROM TRAIN

GATE CLOSED

NO

YES

Continued….

OVER ALL WORKING

The proposed model makes use of ZigBee protocol as a medium of transferring information

SOFTWARE USED

MPLAB IDE

PROTEUS SIMULATION SOFTWARE

CCS C COMPILER

Result and Discussion•The sensors sense the input and sends to the microcontroller, where it responds •Gives command to the particular component with predefined algorithm. •The time parameters are crucial which can be easily changed and modified using Micro-controllers. •Thus, this device would work incoherence would help to reduce the train collisions.

CONCLUSION

In this project, an anti-collision system for trains have been designed, simulated and tested.

The simulation has been done using proteus electronic simulation package

Train collisions , de railing & rail road accidents are avoided.

Hence it is expected that, major train mishaps can be prevented and human life saved if this system is implemented.

REFERENCE www.collision-avoidance.org

www.vibrametrics.com;

www.ni.com

www.konkanrailway.com

www.faadooengineers.com

QURIES

THANK YOU