© 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.

David Yanacek, Principal Engineer, AWS IoT

October 24, 2016

Programming the Physical

World with AWS IoT Device

Shadows and Rules Engine

Outline

• Shadows

• Rules

• Putting it all together

AWS IoT

AWS IoT

Shadows

1. Device Publishes Current State

2. Persist JSON Data Store

3. App requests device’s current state

4. App requests change the state5. Device Shadow sync’s

updated state

6. Device Publishes Current State 7. Device Shadow confirms state change

AWS IoT Device Shadow Flow

AWS IoT Device Shadow - Simple Yet Powerful

{

"state" : {

“desired" : {

"lights": { "color": "RED" },

"engine" : "ON"

},

"reported" : {

"lights" : { "color": "GREEN" },

"engine" : "ON"

},

"delta" : {

"lights" : { "color": "RED" }

} },

"version" : 10

}

Device

Report its current state to one or multiple shadows

Retrieve its desired state from shadow

Mobile App

Set the desired state of a device

Get the last reported state of the device

Delete the shadow

Shadow

Shadow reports delta, desired and reported

states along with metadata and version

Quick demo

Setting desired state (MQTT)

// Update the thermostat to 90 degrees

thingShadows.update('TemperatureControl', {

state: {

desired: {

setPoint: 90

}

}

});

Code (AWS JS Device SDK)

Setting desired state (MQTT)

PUBLISH $aws/things/TemperatureControl/shadow/update{

"state": {"desired": {

"setPoint": 90}

}}

Wire format (MQTT)

Getting reported state (HTTP)

// Get the last reported internal temperature

iot.getThingShadow({

thingName: 'TemperatureStatus'

}, function(err, data) {

if (err) { console.log(err); return; }

else {

var state = JSON.parse(data.payload).state.reported;

console.log('Internal temp: ' + state.intTemp);

}

});

Code (AWS JS SDK)

Getting reported state (HTTP)

GET /things/TemperatureStatus/shadow

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

{

"state": {

"desired": {

"setPoint": 90

}

}

}

Wire format

Rules engine

Extracting the value from messages

• Filter messages with certain criteria

• Move messages to other topics

• Move messages to other systems

• Transform the payload of messages

• Predict messages based on trends

• React based on messages

But how?

instancedatabase

?

But how?

Highly available?

Scalable?

Easy to operate?

Easy to change?

Easy to implement?instance

database

Rules Engine

AWS IoT rules engine

predict,

republish

Amazon Machine

Learning

index

archive,

analyze

Amazon

DynamoDB

AWS

Lambda

Amazon

Redshift

process

AWS IoT - SQL Reference

SELECT DATA FROM TOPIC WHERE FILTER

• Like scanning a database table

• Default source is an MQTT topic

EXAMPLES:

• FROM mqtt(‘my/topic’)

• FROM mqtt(‘my/wildcard/+/topic’)

• FROM (‘my/topic’)

Rules Engine

• Familiar SQL syntax

• SELECT * FROM topic WHERE filter

• Functions

• String manipulation (regex support)

• Mathematical operations

• Context based helper functions

• Crypto support

• UUID, timestamp, rand, etc.

• Execute Simultaneous Actions

Quick example

SELECT reading, timestamp() as timeFROM example-topic/inputWHERE reading > 0

Republish to example-topic/output

Quick example

Publish a message

Receive the re-published,

transformed message

new: Elasticsearch Integration

new: Predict Function

Putting it all together

AWS IoT Shape Up! architecture

Amazon

Cognito

Amazon

S3Amazon

DynamoDB

IoT

ruleIoT

policy

IoT

topic

AWS

Lambda

IoT

shadow

Amazon

DynamoDB

IoT

rule

IoT

topic

Amazon

Cognito

Amazon

S3AWS

Lambda

IoT

policy

IoT

shadow

AWS IoT Shape Up! architecture

Sign-in and

registration

IoT

policy

Amazon

Cognito

Amazon

S3

AWS IoT Shape Up! architecture

Amazon

DynamoDB

IoT

rule

IoT

topic

AWS

Lambda

IoT

shadow

Match making,

gameplay

Shape Up! shadows

• Game

• Configuration, winner

• Grid

• Current shape in each cell

• Player

• Name, currently assigned game, grid

Shape Up! topics

• shape-up/lobby

• shape-up/join/${CognitoId}/match/${MatchId}

• shape-up/move/${CognitoId}

• $aws/things/${CognitoId}/shadow/update/documents

• $aws/things/${GridId}/shadow/update/documents

ShapeUp! deep-dive

• Matchmaking

• Gameplay

• Finding the winner

Shape Up! matchmaking

Display PlayersCONNECT

Shape Up! matchmaking

lifecycle

event

Display PlayersCONNECT

$aws/events/presence/connected/${COGNITO_ID}

Shape Up! matchmaking

IoT

rule lifecycle

event

Display PlayersCONNECT

player

connected

topic

$aws/events/presence/connected/${COGNITO_ID}

shape-up/display/connected/${COGNITO_ID}

Shape Up! matchmaking

shape-up/lobby

Display PlayersSUBSCRIBE

Shape Up! matchmaking

shape-up/lobby

Display Players

PUBLISH

{"GameId": "abc123"

}

Shape Up! matchmaking

shape-up/join/${CognitoId}

Display PlayersPUBLISH

{"GameId": "abc123"

}

Shape Up! matchmaking

shape-up/join/${CognitoId}

Display PlayersPUBLISH

IoT

ruleAmazon

DynamoDBAWS

Lambda

{"GameId": "abc123"

}

Shape Up! matchmaking

Display Players

Amazon

DynamoDBAWS

Lambda

Shape Up! matchmaking

Display Players

Amazon

DynamoDBAWS

Lambda

{"GameId": "abc123","GridId": "g1","Row": 1,“Col": 1

}

player A shadow player B shadow

player C shadow

grid 1 shadow

grid 2 shadow

Shape Up! matchmaking

Display Players

grid 1 shadow

grid 2 shadow

SUBSCRIBE

Shape Up! gameplay

Display Players

shape-up/move/${CognitoId}

PUBLISH{

"Shape": 2,"Row": 1,"Col": 3

}

Shape Up! gameplay

Display Players

player C shadow

shape-up/move/${CognitoId}

PUBLISH

IoT

rule

AWS

Lambda

{"Shape": 2

}

{"Row": 1,"Col": 3

}

Shape Up! gameplay

Display Players

player C shadow

shape-up/move/${CognitoId}

PUBLISH

IoT

rule

AWS

Lambda

{"Shape": 2

}

{"Row": 1,"Col": 3

}grid 1 shadow

IoT

rule

shape-up/display/move

Shape Up! gameplay

Display Players

AWS

Lambda

grid 1 shadow

{"state": {

"reported": {"Grid": {

"1_3": 2}

}}

}

(Incremental update)

Shape Up! gameplay

Display Players

grid 1 shadow

"reported": {"Grid": {

"1_3": 2,"2_1": 1,"3_2": 4,...

}}

$aws/things/${GridId}/shadow/update/documents

(Complete state)

Shape Up! gameplay

Display Players

grid 1 shadow

IoT

rule

shape-up/display/move

"reported": {"Grid": {

"1_3": 2,"2_1": 1,"3_2": 4,...

}}

$aws/things/${GridId}/shadow/update/documents

(Complete state)

Shape Up! gameplay

Display Players

grid 1 shadow

"reported": {"Grid": {

"1_3": 2,"2_1": 1,"3_2": 4,...

}},"version": 6

$aws/things/${GridId}/shadow/update/documents

(Complete state)

// Don’t go backwards!var oldVersion = 5;

Shape Up! finding the winner

Display Players

shape-up/move/${CognitoId}

PUBLISH{

"Shape": }

Shape Up! finding the winner

Display Players

"reported": {"Grid": {

"1_3": "2_1": "3_2": ...

}}

$aws/.../documents

(Complete state)

Shape Up! finding the winner

Display Players

"reported": {"Grid": {

"1_3": "2_1": "3_2": ...

}}

$aws/.../documents

(Complete state)

IoT

rule

AWS

Lambda

Shape Up! finding the winner

Display Players

(Complete state)

game 123 shadow

IoT

rule

AWS

Lambda

"reported": {"Winner": null

},"version": 1

GET

Shape Up! finding the winner

Display Players

(Complete state)

game 123 shadow

IoT

rule

AWS

Lambda

"reported": {"Winner": "Team1"

},"version": 2

UPDATE

IF v==1

Shape Up! finding the winner

Display Players

game 123 shadow

Takeaways: Rules

• Use rules to store huge data volumes

• Rule actions integrate with big data storage services

• Use rules as triggers to drive your application

• Transform data moving from or to devices

• Supplement data with other data, predictions

Takeaways: Shadows

• Devices report state

• Applications set desired state

• Call APIs for devices, even when they’re offline

• Sync state with PubSub

• Consume deltas or complete state

• Use version numbers

Takeaways: Lifecycle

• Trigger actions when devices connect or disconnect

© 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.

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