POST AND TELECOMMUNICATION

VIVEK VIJAYAN(18) VIVEK VIJAYAN(18) HEMALI GANATRA(5) AMAN DUBE K(4)

POSTS • The postal service is under the Department of

Posts, which is part of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology of the Government of India.

• It was founded in 1774. • India has been divided into 22 postal circles, each

circle headed by a chief postmaster general.

• For more than 150 years, the Department of Posts (DoP) has been the backbone of the country’s communication and has played a crucial role in the country’s socio-economic development.

• It touches the lives of Indian citizens in many ways: delivering mails, accepting deposits under Small Savings Schemes, providing life insurance cover under Postal Life Insurance (PLI) and Rural Postal Life Insurance (RPLI) and providing retail services like bill collection, sale of forms, etc.

• The DoP also acts as an agent for Government of India in discharging other services for citizens such as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) wage disbursement and old age pension payments. With 1, 55,015 Post Offices, the DoP has the most widely distributed postal network in the world.

NEWSPAPERS

• In INDIA the total number of newspapers registered is 82237.

• The largest number of newspapers and periodicals registered in any Indian language was in Hindi at 32,793. English had the second largest number of newspapers and periodicals which was 11,478.

• HISTORY: The history of newspaper in India began in 1780, with the publication of the Bengal Gazette from Kolkata under the British raj.

• Other newspapers such as The India Gazette, The Calcutta Gazette, The Madras Courier (1785), The Bombay Herald (1789) etc. soon followed.

• The Bombay Samachar , founded in 1822 and printed in Gujarati is the oldest newspaper in Asia still in print.

• The Times of India was founded in 1838

• Top 10 newspapers

i. Dainik jagran (hindi) – 16.37 millionii. Dainik bhaskar (hindi) – 14.41 millioniii. Hindustan (hindi) – 12.24 millioniv. Malayala manorama (malayalam) – 9.76

millionv. Amar ujala (hindi) – 8.41 millionvi. Times of india (english) – 7.65 millionvii. Daily thanthi (tamil) – 7.33 millionviii. Lokmat (marathi) – 7.313 millionix. Rajasthan patrika (hindi) – 6.83 millionx. Mathrubhumi (malayalam)– 6.33 million

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POST CARDS

• A postcard or post card is a rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard intended for writing and mailing without an envelope.

• Early Indian postcards were generally printed in Germany, as well as in France, Britain and Austria. Ravi Verma press was one of the exceptions, with his famous press outside Bombay printing postcards before 1900.

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LETTERS

• A letter is a written message containing information from one party to another. The role of letters in communication has changed significantly since the nineteenth century.

• Historically, letters (in paper form) were the only reliable means of communication between two people in different locations.

TYPES

• Speed Post: the market leader in the domestic express industry, was started by Department of Posts in August 1986 for providing time-bound and express delivery of letters ’ documents and parcels across the nation and around the world.

• Registered posts: To provide secure transmission of customers articles. A record is kept at all stages the article passes through.

• Insured posts: Articles may be insured at all post offices. Insurance covers all risks in course of transmission by post .

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INSURED

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PARCEL

• Anything can be sent in a parcel excepting articles whose transmission is prohibited.

• It can contain single communication to the addressee of the parcel.

• If the parcel is suspected to contain other than the permitted communication, it will be opened in the presence of the addressee or his authorized agent, and each written communication will be charged on delivery with double the letter postage.

• If the addressee refuses to pay the charges, the parcel will be returned to the sender from whom the charge will not be recovered.

• Registration: The postal article that is registered is given identification

and is recorded at every stage of handling. Letters, letter cards, Book and Pattern Packets, Parcels, News papers prepaid with postage may be registered at any post office for transmission at any post office. The registered postal article is delivered specifically to the addressee.

• Value Payable Letters and Parcels: The VPL or VPP is paid for at the time of receipt.

Registered parcels, letters, book packets and news papers may be sent as VPL/VPP. An article which has no intrinsic value can also be sent as value payable article.

SIZE MINIMUM MAXIMUM

Length As per letter 100cm

girth As per letter 180cm

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TELECOM

•Fastest growing wireless market with 960.9 million mobile phone subscribers as of 2012

•3rd largest in terms of no. of wireless connections

•1.159 billion users projected by the end of 2013

•Total number of telephones in India has crossed the line of 750 millions in oct,2010

TELECOMMUNICATION IN INDIATotal revenue: USD 33350 million

More of a history…

• The first operator BSNL was created by cooperation of erstwhile India telecommunication series.

• After the telecommunication policies were revised to allow private companies like,vodafone, bharti airtel, tata indicom, idea cellular,aircel, loop mobile came into picture..

TELEPHONES

• The number of telephone subscribers in India decreased to 892.02 Million at the end of February 2013 as compared with 893.15 million in January 2013, thereby registering a negative growth rate of -0.13%.

• The overall tele-density in India has declined to 72.90. The urban teledensity is 146.15 and rural teledensity is 40.81

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 20120

1020304050607080

Number of telephones per 100 person

Years

Mobiles

•Total number of GSM Subs as of August 2013 - 674.41 million

•The GSM Subs increased by 1.78 million in August 2013 (0.26% increased from previous month)

•Maximum GSM Subs - Airtel - 192.22 million

•Maximum GSM Subs for the Circle - UP ( E ) - 59.33millionGSM SUBSCRIBER FIGURES AUGUST-2013

Group Company wise % market share (Subscribers) as of Aug 2013

Group Company wise % market share (Subscribers) - August 2013

Sl. No. Name of Company Total Sub Figures Additions in August 2013 % Market Share % Growth over

previous month

1 Bharti Airtel 19,22,22,866 8,33,852 28.50% 0.44%

2 Vodafone 15,43,37,362 -85,812 22.88% -0.06%

3 IDEA 12,60,20,313 7,52,107 18.69% 0.60%

4 BSNL 9,71,72,146 0 14.41% 0.0%

5 Aircel 6,26,02,380 8,76,883 9.28% 1.42%

6 Uninor 3,22,53,714 -5,05,589 4.78% -1.54%

7 Videocon 29,29,783 1,58,003 0.43% 5.70%

8 MTNL 38,42,210 -2,48,331 0.57% -6.07%

9 Loop Mobile 30,28,539 0 0.45% 0.00%

  All India 67,44,09,313 17,81,113 100.00%  

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Telecom Sector- A HIT• Most vibrant sector with highest growth rate

– more than 60 lakh customers are added every month

• Plethora of services• Easier access/ availability• Drastic reduction in tariff• World class service

Major classes of Services

• Fixed Copper, Optical Fiber, Wireless

• Mobile GSM and CDMA based

• Narrow band Voice, Internet, Fax

• Broad band High speed Internet, Video

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Fall in STD Rates

• Pre – April 1999 38• April 1999 30• October 2000 24• January 2002 9• March 2003 4.80• April 2004 3.60• September 2004 2.40• March 2006 1

(Rs/min)

Mobile Tariffs in India one of the Lowest0.23

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Challenges for Operators Decline in Tariffs

Innovation will be key• New Innovative ideas

and services will hold the key for telecom operators to generate revenue and sustain in this competitive market.

• Convergence of Mobile, fixed line & internet will give rise to new services.

• Fixed Line will be saved by Broadband, IPTV and VoIP services.

• Mobile will see new technologies like 3G, 4G (LTE) and WiMAX.

Mobile VAS will evolve with new technologies and an operator with good service portfolio will command the market

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Various other services emerged by leveraging the telecom services industry

GMPCS services were launched in India in 1999. These services allow a subscriber to communicate from any point on earth through a handheld terminal. Moreover, the telephone number remains unchanged, irrespective of the subscriber’s location.

Public Mobile Radio Trunked Services

PMRTS have not grown to their expected potential in India. The high licence fee leaves a very thin margin for services providers; thereby, inhibiting its growth. About 31,000 subscribers are currently availing this service in India from 12 different operators.

In 1995, radio paging services emerged as a promising segment in India. However, this segment could not compete with cellular services in general and SMS technology in particular, and is currently shrinking. At present, only four radio paging service providers are present in the Indian market.

Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSAT)

The market for VSAT services increased by 5.73 percent during the quarter ending in December 2006, and the segment had a total subscriber base of 55,070. HCL Comnet is the largest of the eight players functioning in the market.

GMPCS*

Radio Paging

Other Telecom Services

* Global Mobile Personal Communication by Satellite

Telecom Equipment Market• Despite this tremendous growth of services sector,

the presence of Indian telecom equipment manufacturing is dismal.

• “Indian Products” contributes just 2-3 % share of the total demand for telecom equipmentYear Indian

Demand (Bn USD))

Indian Products (Mn USD) Indian Products as % of Total Demand

2007-08 11.756 200 2%

2008-09 12.059 240 2%

2009-10 10.953 280 3%

INDIAN NATIONAL SATELLITE• It enabled the rapid expansion of modern

telecommunication facilities to even the remote areas and off-shore islands.

• Together, the system provides transponders in C, Extended C and Ku bands for a variety of communication services.

• Some of the INSATs also carry instruments for meteorological observation and data relay for providing meteorological services.

  Satellites in service

• INSAT-2E• INSAT-3A• INSAT-3C• INSAT-3D• INSAT-3E• KALPANA-1• GSAT-2

• Edusat• INSAT-4 Series• INSAT-4A• INSAT-4B• GSAT-8 / INSAT-4

G• GSAT-12• GSAT-10

DEFENCE CALLING

• Radio based Data communication• Global positioning system• Ambience listening• DMO(Direct mode operation)• Mobile repeater cum control room• HF MAN Pack sets for disaster management

Indus Towers, a joint venture of Vodafone (42%), Bharti Airtel (42%) and IDEA (16%) is fast growing and already has more than 1,00,000 Towers

Quippo Telecom has acquired spice and TATA Teleservices.

American Tower Corp and Xcel Telecom towers are other players

• 8,500 crore spent on about 3.5 billion diesel per year by telecom companies

• 5 million tonnes of carbon emission from these towers• 5,00,000 towers estimated in India• This diesel consumption has effect on increase in

public rates

Google glass

• Wearable computer with an optical head-mounted display (OHMD).

• The quality of pictures and video are usable for healthcare education, reference, and remote consultation.

The real Challenge !

How effectively can the:– Government with its policies– TRAI with regulation &– TDSAT with dispute resolution

can keep pace with the fastest growing and complex Telecom sector

Issues to be addressed in the Indian Scenario

Unique Rural Scenario : low teledensity Need for Spectrum re-farming & re-allocation Lack of Content in Local Languages Confidence on e-Commerce Network Security Bridging Digital Divide

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