Cumulations Modes of communication : Bluetooth

Bluetooth

1 . Bluetooth 2.0 or Bluetooth classic.

2 . Bluetooth 4.0 or Bluetooth low energy.

Bluetooth Classic

1. Exchange data over input/output streams.

Read/Write data by polling.

2. Consumes more power.

3. Needs MFI certification to interact with iOS devices.

Royalty has to be paid to Apple for every device sold.

4. Mainly used in terminals like PoS and speakers.

1. Two modes of communication.

Advertisement mode

Connection mode

2. No need of MFI certification for iOS devices.

3. Less power consumption.

Bluetooth Low Energy

BLE: Advertisement Mode

1. BLE hardware emits data packets which is read by nearby devices.

2. 2-byte header and a variable payload from 6 to 37 bytes.

3. Can emit data upto 250 ft.

4. Need to follow iBeacon format to make it work with iPhone/iPad.

5. One way communication, cannot write data onto the BLE device.

6. Used in location based apps to cater ads to the nearby users. For example

retail apps.

7. Beacon vendors - Roximity, Estimote, Radius Networks.

BLE : Connection Mode

1. Peer-to-peer connection is established between hardware and phone.

2. No need to poll for data. Gatt object is used to read, write and notify data.

3. Less power consumption.

4. FW on hardware can be upgraded over-the-air.

5. Used in Wearable devices.

6. Connection issues in some Android phones because of inconsistent BLE

stack.

Cumulations Modes of communication : Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi

1. Wi-Fi

2. Wi-Fi Direct

1 . Wi-Fi

AP is the BOSS!

Dev 1

AP

Dev 2

Wi-Fi

Lets Look in the context of our IoT Device

1.1 Onboarding -1

How do we get in?

Dev 1

AP

Dev 2

Your

Device

1.1 Onboarding - 2

Generic Way

Access Point Mode.

Connection by phone/laptop.

Pass credentials of Wi-Fi.

Reboots and starts as client.

Your

Device

1.1 Onboarding - 3

We made it!

Dev 1

AP

Dev 2

Your

Device

1.2 Discovery

1. Once the device is in network how to do we call it?

2. Static IP? Nope!

3. Solution

a. Multicast

1.2 Discovery

Multicast

1. Each device registers itself with AP into a group.

( Ex: in UPnP group is 239.255.255.250 and the port is 1900)

2. Phone/Laptop sends message to the group.

3. Each device in the group receives and can responds back to the message

1.2 Discovery

Discovery Protocols

1. UPnP

1. Bonjour

Till Now ...

1. We have Configured our Device to AP

2. We have discovered the Device ( Multicast )

Now we need to interact with the device...

1.3 Interaction

1. TCP Sockets

a. Connection Oriented,Reliable,Orderly

b. Slow

2. UDP Sockets

a. Connectionless,Fast

3. Via Cloud

a. ex: particle.io,Adafruit

2.Wi-Fi- Direct

Supported from iOS 7 & Android 4.0

Devices play role of an AP and role of a Client concurrently :

Concurrent AP/Soft AP mode

Local file Sharing Applications like Superbeam,Hike Sharit etc

Wireless keyboards and Mouse

2.1 Wi-Fi Direct

Devices communicating will form a group with a owner who acts like an AP.

Guy who becomes owner of the Group is P2P Go

P2P Go can cross connect (How to decide Owner! )

Ex: Music systems

Thanks