Introduction to Cloud Computing

Prof. Shie-Jue Lee

Dept. of Electrical Engineering

National Sun Yat-sen University

Cloud Computing

“It’s one of the foundations of the next generation of computing. . .. It’s a world where the network is the platform for all computing, where everything we think of as a computer today is just a device that connects to the big computer we’re building. Cloud computing is a great way to think about how we’ll deliver computing services in the future.”

—Tim O’Reilly, CEO, O’Reilly Media

High-Level Look

In many ways, cloud computing is simply a metaphor for the Internet, the increasing movement of compute and data resources onto the Web.

High-Level Look

But there’s a difference:

Higher efficiency

massive scalability

faster, easier software development It’s about new programming models, new IT

infrastructure, and the enabling of new business models.

Why Cloud Computing

IT Efficiency + Economy

Delivering resources on demand

Reduce capital expenditures

Cut the cost of running a datacenter

Eliminate overprovisioning

Why Cloud Computing

Faster, More Flexible Programming

Accelerated cycles

Increase agility

Harnessing Cloud Computing

Use the Cloud Leverage the Cloud

Development and testing

Functional offloading

Augmentation

Experimenting Build the Cloud Be the Cloud

Cloud Types

Public clouds:

Run by third parties, and jobs from many different customers may be mixed together on the servers, storage systems, and other infrastructure within the cloud. End users don’t know who else’s job may be me running on the same server, network, or disk as their own jobs.

Cloud Types

Private clouds:

Are a good option for companies dealing with data protection and service-level issues. Private clouds are on-demand infrastructure owned by a single customer who controls which applications run, and where. They own the server, network, and disk and can decide which users are allowed to use the infrastructure.

Cloud Types

Hybrid clouds:

Combine the public and private cloud models. You own parts and share other parts, though in a controlled way. Hybrid clouds offer the promise of on-demand, externally provisioned scale, but add the complexity of determining how to distribute applications across these different environments.

Enabling Technologies

Horizontally scaled, distributed compute nodes

Sophisticated file systems Superscale cloud architectures New techniques of data-intensive computing Machine images can be instantly deployed

Cornerstone Technology

Virtualization — the abstraction of computer

resources — is the cornerstone technology for all cloud architectures. With the ability to virtualize servers (behind a hypervisor-abstracted operating system), storage devices, desktops, and applications, a wide array of IT resources can now be allocated on demand

Old Computers

Hardware

OperatingSystem

Application

By Virtualization

Hardware

OperatingSystem

Application

Hypervisor

Virtualization -- a Server for Multiple Applications/OS

Hardware

OperatingSystem

Application

Hardware

OperatingSystem

Application

Hypervisor

OperatingSystem

Application

OperatingSystem

Application

OperatingSystem

Application

OperatingSystem

Application

Service Layers

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Features a complete application offered as a service, ondemand, via multitenancy meaning a single instance of the software runs on the provider’s infrastructure and serves multiple client organizations.

Service Layers

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Is the encapsulation of a development environment abstraction and the packaging of a payload of services. PaaS offerings can provide for every phase of software development and testing.

Service Layers

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Is a means of delivering basic storage and compute capabilities as standardized services over the network. Servers, storage systems, switches, routers, and other systems are pooled (through virtualization technology, for example) to handle specific types of workloads.

Inside the Cloud

Virtualization

Higher utilization rates

Resource consolidation

Lower power usage/costs

Space savings

Disaster recovery/business continuity

Reduced operations costs

Inside the Cloud

Virtualization

Operating System Virtualization

Platform Virtualization

Network Virtualization

Application Virtualization

Inside the Cloud

Software Deployment

Software Packaging

Machine Images