ICT is short for "Information and Communication Technologies." It is similar to IT (Information

Technology), but focuses more on telecommunications mediums, such as the Internet, cell phone networks, and satellite technology. Modern

forms of ICT have made it possible for users across the world to communicate with each other in real-time on a

regular basis. Examples include instant messaging, video-conferencing, online multiplayer gaming,

and social networking websites.

WHAT IS ICT ?

Impact of ICT on Society:

JobsEducationCrime and policingRetailingHealthMoney and bankingCommunicationBusiness

More jobs:Computer

manufacturers, delivery drivers, call centre employees,

etc.

More jobs:Computer

manufacturers, delivery drivers, call centre employees,

etc.

Skills:Constant retraining needed

Skills:Constant retraining needed

More flexibility:

No longer jobs for life

More flexibility:

No longer jobs for life

Working patterns:

More flexible employment/working, more part time

working

Working patterns:

More flexible employment/working, more part time

working

Telecommuting:

Working fromhome

Telecommuting:

Working fromhome

JobsJobs

New jobs:Programmers, web designers, ICT teachers,

etc.

New jobs:Programmers, web designers, ICT teachers,

etc.

Fewer jobs:Filing clerks, shop

workers, postal workers;

manual/repetitive jobs replaced

Fewer jobs:Filing clerks, shop

workers, postal workers;

manual/repetitive jobs replaced

Education

Teaching:Interactive

whiteboards, internet,

projectors

Records:Details of all

pupils held on file, reduces

administration

Reports:Produced

electronically, e.g. mail merge

Registration:OMR registers,

scanned to update central

database, produce

absence lists

Computer Aided

Learning:On-screen learning

materials, computer aided

assessment

Timetables:Generated by

computer

Letters:Mail merge not

typed on a typewriter

Crime and

Policing

Credit card:Cloning – theft of

card details

Electronic fraud:

Stealing money electronically

Hacking:Unauthorised access into computers –

possibly to steal money or data

Software Piracy:Stealing

software, not paying for licences

Viruses:Programs

designed to corrupt a

computer system

Other:Automatic

number plate recognition,

communication systems

Police National Computer:Databases – criminals, vehicles,

fingerprints, DNA, stolen

property, HOLMES

National High Tech Crime

Unit:NHTCU –

investigate hacking,

electronic fraud, etc.

Retailing

Barcodes:Unique

identification of all items, check digit, used to search the

stock control system Loyalty Cards:

Identify customers details, track

spending habits, offer discounts, collected data used for data mining and targetting customers

Internet Shopping:Credit card

payment, buy from anywhere,

anytime. Issues – p&p, returns,

security, trust, etc.

Stock Control:Details of stock

quantities, prices, restock limits

EFTPOS:Credit/Debit card details sent for authorisation

EPOS:Electronic Point Of

Sale – read barcode,

communicate with stock control

system, total price, print receipt,

calculate change

Health

Medical Training:Simulation software, on-

line data sources

Pharmacy records:Contra-indications,

stock

Patient Records:Held electronically,

rather than paper files

Hospital Administration:

Patient attendance, print labels, allocate

beds, order food, make appointments, send letters, staff rotas

NHS Direct:Web site for information

on health care, treatments, conditions,

etc.

NHSnet:Project to connect all

GP surgeries, networked to hospitals

Monitoring/Diagnosis:

Heart rate, blood pressure, etc.

Expert systems, CAT scans

Business

Internet:Drastically

changed the businesses

operate

Computer Aided Manufacture

(CAM):Control of the manufacture process by computer

Robots:Used on

production lines – repetitive/hazardous jobs, reduces

human error, increases efficiency

Teleworking:Fewer desks needed – hot

desking, workers control the times they work, etc.

Computer Aided Design (CAD):

3D designs, scale drawings,

interface with manufacturing

machines

Other:Paperless office, teleconferencing

Money and

Banking

Smart Cards:Chip and Pin – data

held on a small silicon chip rather

than magnetic stripe, customer enters a

pin rather than signs receipt Automated

Payments:Bankers Automated

Clearing House (BACS) – Credits, e.g.

salary payments, etc.; Debits, e.g.

direct debits, loan payments, etc.

Cash Machines:Automated Teller Machine (ATM) – “hole in the wall” access to bank

accounts

Credit/Debit Cards:Magnetic stripe holds

the card details which are read when

swiped

EFT:Credit/Debit card details sent for

authorisation, from retailers or ATMs

Cheque Processing:Cheques are

scanned, account numbers read (MICR)

to identify the account

Home Banking:Customers use the

internet or telephone to administer their

account

Communication

Networks:LANs or WANs

Connection Methods:

Cable, radio/microwaves, infra-red, satellite,

etc.

Internet:Largest WAN, international network of computers

connected by communication

lines

WWW:World Wide Web – collection of pages with links to other pages (hyperlinks)

E-mail:Message sent

from 1 person to another using

computers connected to a

network

Tele/Video Conferencing:

people in different locations

communicating as if they were in the

same location

Fax:Sending an image

of a document electronically

Mobile telephones:

Can send voice, image, text, data

(from a linked computer)

MADE BY :

Rimsha Iqbal

Naima Ashraf