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A presentation from the University of Nottingham's Horizon Digital Economy's theme day, looking a infrastructural challenges to "support the contextual footprint". The file has contributions from Jeremy Morley (Deputy Director of the Centre for Geospatial Science) and Prof. Terry Moore, Director of the Institute for Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy (IESSG).
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THE LOCATION CHALLENGE
Jeremy Morley, Deputy Director,Centre for Geospatial Science, UoN
19th March 2010
You are here?
Points/lines/polygonsAttributesTopology
Vector or raster data
Gridded dataSampled field
And on the 8th day…
Source: Wikipedia,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:NCSA_Mosaic.PNG
© 2010 GIGAS Consortium http://www.thegigasforum.eu
INSPIREGEOSS GMES
Networks
Data Layers Data Layers Data LayersData Layers
Service Layers Service Layers Service LayersService Layers
Portals and Clients Portals and Clients Portals and ClientsPortals and Clients
User access across initiatives?
Op
en
Geosp
ati
al C
on
sort
ium
& IS
O S
tan
dard
s
When worlds collide?...
Source: TechCrunch,17th March 2010http://tcrn.ch/9uMX2h
Social applications to gather & push business information
RuleProcessor
ActionQueue
Event Queue
RulesetClient Listener Threads
hyperplace
BroadcastProcessor
query response
J Swan, J Goulding
RAMP
Source: OGC White Paper:OGC® Sensor Web Enablement: Overview And High Level Architecture
Source: Gartner 2009 - http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1124212
3D city modelling
www.nottingham.ac.uk/iessg
Location Technology
Professor Terry Moore
Global Navigation Satellite Systems
• NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (or simply GPS)– Is the GNSS at the moment– Owned and funded by US DoD, operated by USAF– In-car SatNav is reliant on over $32B of US military hardware!
• GLONASS– Russian (military) system with near global coverage
• COMPASS / BeiDou– Chinese (military) system with global coverage– Not yet very mature, but … we won’t have to wait too long
• Galileo– We’re getting there – slowly!
How does GPS Work?
How Accurate is GPS?
1 m
1 cm
1 mm
10 m
GPSDoesn’t Work Indoors – does it?
“GPS tracking dot”
“It’s accurate within two feet anywhere on the globe”
GPSHigh Precision – Too Expensive?
What are the Challenges?
New applicationsSeamless indoor-outdoor personal navigation
Intelligent Transport Systems
Rail signalling
Precision aircraft landing
Ships in harbours
Location-dependent billing and virtual security fences
Tracking people/animals/assets
Social inclusion
Creates new challenges
New technologyMore GNSS satellites
More GNSS signals
CommunicationsWiFi / RFIDUWB, Sparse BandDigital broadcasting
Smaller, cheaper inertial sensors
New mapping (outdoor & indoor)More processing power
Drives new applications
Multi-sensor Approach
Different technologies solve different parts of the positioning problem
More information enables greater integrity
Diverse technology gives better availability
Positioning
GNSSDead-
reckoning sensors
Terrestrial radio
navigation
MappingCommuni-
cations
Feature-matching sensors
• Infrastructured– Use of GNSS with – WiFi, RFID, Bluetooth, UWB, etc– Dedicated infrastructure or… – a priori building information or …– Ad-hoc networks, drop units or ….– Signals of opportunity
• Infrastructure-less– Use of DR and INS– Image recognition, Bag-of-Words– low cost, independent
Example ApplicationsIntegrated Indoor Positioning
Indoor GPS Positioning
15m
IMU/ZUPT integration
15m
IMU/ZUPT/Image integration
15m
What are the Challenges?
New applicationsSeamless indoor-outdoor personal navigation
Intelligent Transport Systems
Rail signalling
Precision aircraft landing
Ships in harbours
Location-dependent billing and virtual security fences
Tracking people/animals/assets
Social inclusion
Creates new challenges
New technologyMore GNSS satellites
More GNSS signals
CommunicationsWiFi / RFIDUWB, Sparse BandDigital broadcasting
Smaller, cheaper inertial sensors
New mapping (outdoor & indoor)More processing power
Drives new applications
Source: Gartner 2009 - http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1124212
3D city modelling
