HECM 525

Advances in Information & Communication Technology

Practical File

Submitted To:

Dr. Snehlata MaheshwariProfessor, Depatment of Home Science Extension and Communication Management, College of Home Science

Submitted By:

Shalini PandeyM.Sc. Previous Department of HECMCollege of Home Science

INDEX

S.No. Practical Date Signature

1. Creating Blog

2. Creating vlog

3. Web Television

4. Video on Demand

5. Internet Radio

6. Online Newspaper

7. Journals related to Home Science

8. Search Engine

9. Creating web page on HTML

10. Citizen Journalism

11. Dreamweaver

12. Web Visual Editor

13. e-Journal

14. E- Agriculture

15. New Media

Practical No. 1 Date:

Blog

A Blog is an abbreviated word used for term “Weblog“, This word used to describe different type of Websites and Portals which share information on specific topics or wider categories. It usually includes Features like Blog Posts, Videos, Comments, Links to other websites, Widgets, etc. a blog is a Web page that serves as a publicly accessible personal journal for an individual. Typically updated daily, blogs often reflect the personality of the author.

A blog is a discussion or informational site published on the World Wide Web and consisting of discrete entries ("posts") typically displayed in reverse chronological order; the most recent post appears first.

Until 2009 blogs were usually the work of a single individual, occasionally of a small group, and often covered a single subject. More recently "multi-author blogs" (MABs) have developed, with posts written by large numbers of authors and professionally edited.

A majority of blog is interactive; allowing visitors to leave comments and even message each other via GUI (Graphic User Interface) widgets on the blogs, and it is this interactivity that distinguishes them from other static websites.

Step to create a Blog

1. Log in to your Gmail account. Enter email id and password and click on Sign in.

2. Click on apps icon present at top in right side. A dropdown list will be appearing on your screen. Click on more.

3. Click on Blogger. A new window will appear on your screen.

4. A new window will appear on your screen and reenter your password. click to Sign in.

5. Click on continue Blogging.

6. Page will appear on your screen. Click on New Blog.

7. A screen will appear. Type the title, address of your blog. Select template for your blog and click on Create Blog.

8. Now your blog has been created. Start posting on your blog by clicking on creates new post.

9. A window will appear. Type your post and click on Publish.

Practical: 2 Date:

Video Blog

A video blog or video log, sometimes shortened to vlog is a form of blog for which the medium is video, and is a form of web television. Vlog entries often combine embedded video (or a video link) with supporting text, images, and other metadata. Entries can be recorded in one take or cut into multiple parts. The vlog category is popular on YouTube.

A video blog, or vlog, is a collection of videos--your own or your favorites--posted on a web site. It's easy to create a free video blog, and it's a great way to reach out to audiences and show off your work. With a camcorder, editing software and a high-speed internet connection, you're well on your way to producing a successful video blog.

Steps to create vlog on YouTube

1. Open YouTube by typing URL https://www.youtube.com/

2. Sign in with your Gmail account for creating vlog.

3. Click on upload option.

4. Following window will appear on your screen.

5. Click on upload button. Select the video which you want to upload. Click on open.

6. Your file will start uploading. Type the basic information like Title, description about the video and click on publish.

7. Your vlog has been published successfully. You can upload more vlog by click on add more video.

Practical: 3 Date:

Web Television

Web television (abbreviated web TV) is original television content produced for broadcast via the World Wide Web. It is also known as Internet television and online television.

Internet television (or online television) is the digital distribution of television content via the Internet. Internet television is a general term that covers the delivery of television shows and other video content over the Internet by video streaming technology, typically by major traditional television broadcasters. It does not describe a technology used to deliver content.

www.startv.in/channel/star-plus/1

apni.tv/serials

www.ndtv.com › Live TV

https://www.yupptv.com/

wwitv.com/

www.newtvworld.com/

www.stream2watch.me/live-tv

www.tvweb360.tv/

Practical: 4 Date:

Video on Demand

Video on demand (VOD) is a system which allows users to select and watch/listen to video or audio content on demand. VoD is Short for Video-on-Demand, an umbrella term for a wide set of technologies and companies whose common goal is to enable individuals to select videos from a central server for viewing on a television or computer screen. VoD can be used for entertainment (ordering movies transmitted digitally), education (viewing training videos), and videoconferencing (enhancing presentations with video clips). Although VoD is being used somewhat in all these areas, it is not yet widely implemented. VoD's biggest obstacle is the lack of a network infrastructure that can handle the large amounts of data required by video.

http://www.dw.de/program/video-on-demand/

http://vimeo.com/ondemand

http://www.dish.com/entertainment/vod/

http://www.directv.com/technology/on_demand

http://xfinitytv.comcast.net/ondemand

http://www.vod.net.au/

http://www.universalvod.net/

Practical: 5 Date:

Internet Radio

Internet radio (also web radio, net radio, streaming radio, e-radio, online radio, and webcasting) is an audio service transmitted via the Internet. Broadcasting on the Internet is usually referred to as webcasting since it is not transmitted broadly through wireless means.

Internet radio involves streaming media, presenting listeners with a continuous stream of audio that typically cannot be paused or replayed, much like traditional broadcast media; in this respect, it is distinct from on-demand file serving. Internet radio is also distinct from podcasting, which involves downloading rather than streaming.

Internet radio services offer news, sports, talk, and various genres of music—every format that is available on traditional broadcast radio stations.[citation needed] Many Internet radio services are associated with a corresponding traditional (terrestrial) radio station or radio network, although low start-up and ongoing costs have allowed a substantial proliferation of independent Internet-only radio stations.

List of Internet Radio URL:

http://www.onlineradios.in/

http://www.india.fm/

http://www.radio-locator.com/

http://www.planetradiocity.com/

http://radiotuna.com/

http://www.live365.com/

http://tunein.com/

http://www.blogtalkradio.com/

http://www.radioguide.fm/

http://www.internet-radio.com/

http://www.sky.fm/

Examples:

Practical: 6 Date:

Online Newspaper

An online newspaper is the online version of a newspaper, either as a stand-alone publication or as the online version of a printed periodical.

Online newspapers are much like hard-copy newspapers and have the same legal boundaries, such as laws regarding libel, privacy and copyright, also apply to online publications in most countries.

Following is some URL for online Newspaper:

http://epaper.timesofindia.com/

www.thehindu.com/

www.hindustantimes.com/

rajasthanpatrika.patrika.com/

http://www.onlinenewspapers.com/

www.bhaskar.com/

www.amarujala.com/

www.jansatta.com/

http://www.indiapress.org/

www.jansattaexpress.co.in/

www.jagran.com/

Step to open e-paper (Times of India e-paper)

1. Type the URL of e-paper.

2. Choose the publication, edition and version. Click on Submit button.

3. Page will appear. Choose the connection type.

4. E-paper has opened now.

Practical: 7 Date:

List of Home Science related Journal

Journal: A journal is a peer-reviewed periodical in which current research work relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as forums for the introduction and presentation for scrutiny of new research, and the critique of existing research. Content typically takes the form of articles presenting original research, review articles, and book reviews.

Following is a list of Journal available in Library College of Home Science, MPUAT, Udaipur:

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Asian Agri History

Colourage

Development and Change

Family Relation

Indian Journal of Adult Education

Indian Journal of Gender Studies

Indian Silk

Inside Outside

Journal of Communication Studies

Journal of Family Theory & Review

Journal of Family Issues

Journal of Human Ecology

Journal of Marriage & Family

Journal of Nutrition

Journal of Social Research

Kisan World

Man & Development

Man Made Textile in India

PTA Magazine

Rajasthan Kheti

Textile Magazine

Textile Trends

There are some e-journal sites which can be accessed:

CeRA- Consortium for e-Resources in Agriculture

DOAJ- Directory of Open Access Journals

Practical: 8 Date:

List of Search Engine

Search Engine: A software program or script available through the Internet that searches documents and files for keywords and returns the results of any files containing those keywords. Today, there are thousands of different search engines available on the Internet, each with their own abilities and features. The first search engine ever developed is considered Archie, which was used to search for FTP files and the first text-based search engine is considered Veronica. Today, the most popular and well known search engine is Google.

List of important search engine is as follow:

Google

Bing Search

Yahoo! Search

Cuil

Excite

Go.com

AllTheWeb

Galaxy

search.aol

Live Search

Lycos

GigaBlast

Alexa Internet

FlixFlux

Mininova

TorrentSpy

Torrentz

Amatomu

Technorati

Alibaba.com

Hoovers

Kompass

ThomasNet

Rediff

Live Search

Ask.com

About.com

Answers.com

eHow

MyWebSearch

Important terminology related to Internet

Web Page: A web page (or webpage) is a web document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and the web browser. A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile device. The web page is what displays, but the term also refers to a computer file, usually written in HTML or comparable markup language.

It is a document on the World Wide Web. Every Web page is identified by a unique URL (Uniform Resource Locator).

Web browsers coordinate web resources centered around the written web page, such as style sheets, scripts and images, to present the web page.

WWW: The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3, commonly known as the web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them via hyperlinks.

Web browser: A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI/URL) and may be a web page, image, video or other piece of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources.

Example: Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome etc.

Website: A website, also written as Web site, web site, or simply site, is a set of related web pages served from a single web domain. A website is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network through an Internet address known as a Uniform resource locator. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web.

Server: A server is a system (software and suitable computer hardware) that responds to requests across a computer network to provide, or help to provide, a network service. Servers can be run on a dedicated computer, which is also often referred to as "the server", but many networked computers are capable of hosting servers. In many cases, a computer can provide several services and have several servers running.

Practical: 9 Date:

Creating web Page using HTML

HTML or Hypertext Markup Language is the main markup language for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.

HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>), within the web page content. HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites.

Format of HTML document<html> <head> <title>This is a title</title> </head> <body> <p> This is paragraph</p> </body></html>

Note: HTML document is typed in notepad and saved with the extension “.html” .

HTML Tags

An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag

An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag

The element content is everything between the start and the end tag

Some HTML elements have empty content

Empty elements are closed in the start tag

Most HTML elements can have attributes

WebPages on HTML can be created by using HTML Tags. Following is a list of some important HTML Tags

<html> Defines the root of an HTML document

<head> Defines information about the document

<title> Defines a title for the document

<body> Defines the document's body

<p> Defines a paragraph

Example: <p>This is a paragraph.</p>

<br> Defines a single line break

<h1> to <h6> Defines HTML headings

<img> tag defines an image

Example: <img src="C:\Users\Shalini Pandey\Desktop\flower.jpg" alt="Flower" width="104" height="142">

<a> tag defines a hyperlink

Example: <a href="http://www.w3schools.com"> This is a link </a>

<b> tag defines bold text.

HTML Tables

Tables are defined with the <table> tag. A table is divided into rows with the <tr> tag. A row is divided into data cells with the <td> tag. A row can also be divided into headings with the <th> tag. The <td> elements are the data containers in the table.

<table> tag defines a table. <th> tag defines a header cell in a table. <tr> tag defines a row in a table. <th> tag defines a header cell in a table. <td> tag defines a cell in a table.

Example: <table border="1" style="width:300px"><tr> <th>First name</th> <th>Last name</th> <th>Points</th></tr><tr> <td>Shalini</td> <td>Pandey</td> <td>94</td></tr>

</table>

Output

First Name Last Name PointsShalini Pandey 94

HTML Lists

The most common HTML lists are ordered and unordered lists:

a. HTML Unordered Lists

An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. <ul> tag defines an unordered list. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. <li> tag defines a list item. The list items are marked with bullets.Example:

<ul><li>Coffee</li><li>Milk</li>

</ul>Output

Coffee Tea

b. HTML Ordered Lists

An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. <ol> tag defines an ordered list. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. <li> tag defines a list item. The list items are marked with numbers.

Example:<ol><li>Coffee</li><li>Milk</li></ol>

Output:

1. Coffee2. Milk

HTML Forms and InputHTML forms are used to pass data to a server. <form> defines an HTML form for user input. <input> defines an input control. An HTML form can contain input elements like text fields, checkboxes, radio-buttons, submit buttons and more.

The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form. The <input> element is used to select user information. An <input> element can vary in many ways, depending on the type attribute. An <input> element can be of type text field, checkbox, password, radio button, submit button, and more.

a. Text Fields

<input type="text"> defines a one-line input field that a user can enter text into:

Example<form>First name: <input type="text" name="firstname"><br>

Last name: <input type="text" name="lastname"></form>

Output:

First name: Last name:

b. Password Field

<input type="password"> defines a password field.

Example:<form>Password: <input type="password" name="pwd"></form>

OutputPassword:

Note: The characters in a password field are masked (shown as asterisks or circles).

c. Radio Buttons

<input type="radio"> defines a radio button. Radio buttons let a user select ONLY ONE of a limited number of choices.

Example:<form><input type="radio" name="sex" value="male">Male<br><input type="radio" name="sex" value="female">Female</form>

Output: Male Female

d. Checkboxes

<input type="checkbox"> defines a checkbox. Checkboxes let a user select ZERO or MORE options of a limited number of choices.

Example:<form><input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike">I have a bike<br><input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car">I have a car </form>

Output: I have a bike I have a car

e. Submit Button: <input type="submit"> defines a submit button.

A submit button is used to send form data to a server. The data is sent to the page specified in the form's action attribute. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input:

Example:

<form name="input" method="get">Username: <input type="text" name="user"><input type="submit" value="Submit">

</form>

Output:Username: Submit

Practical: 10 Date:

Citizen Journalism

The concept of citizen journalism is also known as "public", "participatory", "democratic”, “guerrilla" or "street" journalism. It is based upon public citizens "playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, analyzing, and disseminating news and information. Citizen journalism is defines "as an alternative and activist form of newsgathering and reporting that functions outside mainstream media institutions, often as a repose to shortcoming in the professional journalistic field, that uses similar journalistic practices but is driven by different objectives and ideals and relies on alternative sources of legitimacy than traditional or mainstream journalism.

Citizen journalism is when private individuals do essentially what professional reporters do - report information. That information can take many forms, from a podcast editorial to a report about a city council meeting on a blog. It can include text, pictures, audio and video. But it's basically all about communicating information of some kind.

The other main feature of citizen journalism is that it's usually found online. In fact, the emergence of the Internet - with blogs, podcasts, streaming video and other Web-related innovations - is what has made citizen journalism possible.

"Citizen Journalism" or Participatory Journalism is an evolving form of journalism through user generated content. When any common man in his capacity as a citizen of a nation takes up the initiative to report things or express his views about happenings around him then the occurrence is popularly termed as citizen journalism or participatory journalism.

Citizen Journalists are not bound by the conventional term of a journalist. Citizen journalists take up an initiative to express ideas irrespective of their educational or professional background. In a way this emerging form of journalism is promising a scenario of breaking free from media bias as well as taking local news on a global platform.

Practical: 11Date:

Creating Webpage by using Dreamweaver

Adobe Dreamweaver is a proprietary web development tool developed by Adobe Systems. Dreamweaver was originally developed by Macromedia in 1997, and was maintained by them until Macromedia was acquired by Adobe Systems in 2005.

Adobe Dreamweaver is available for both OS X and Windows.

Features

Adobe Dreamweaver is a web design and development application that provides a visual editor (referred to as the Design view) and a code editor with standard features such as syntax highlighting, code completion, and code collapsing as well as more sophisticated features such as real-time syntax checking and code introspection for generating code hints to assist the user in writing code.

The Design view facilitates rapid layout design and code generation as it allows users to quickly create and manipulate the layout of HTML elements.

Dreamweaver features an integrated browser for previewing developed webpages in the program's own preview pane in addition to allowing content to be open in locally installed web browsers.

It provides transfer and synchronization features, the ability to find and replace lines of text or code by search terms or regular expressions across the entire site, and a template feature that allows single-source update of shared code and layout across entire sites without server-side includes or scripting.

Basic Components of Dreamweaver

Title menu

Menu bar

Standard toolbar

Document toolbar

Status bar

Floating windows i.e. known as Panels and Inspector.

Insert toolbar element

Dremweaver Window

Practical: 12Date:

Web Visual Editor

A visual editor is software that allows the user to create web pages without using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) or Extensible Markup Language (XML) code. The visual editor typically resembles word processing software. The user can add and edit both text and images by typing in a word processing window.

For example, to change a headline from red to blue in an editor, the user can — highlight the headline, open the color window, and then click on the desired color. If the user knew the code for the color, it may be faster to open the code page and change a few numbers of code to change the color.

This type of software has made it faster and easier to create web sites and web pages. While it is helpful for the user to know how to write HTML or XML code, it is not necessary. With a visual editor, a user can add pages, add and revise text, change the style, font and color of text, and insert and move images.

List of best web visual editor is as follow:

1. Adobe Dreamweaver

2. Adobe Creative Suite

3. Microsoft Expression Studio Web Professional

4. Microsoft Expression Studio Ultimate

5. NetObjects Fusion

6. CoffeeCup HTML Editor

7. SeaMonkey

8. Alleycode

9. Amaya

10. Evrsoft First Page

Practical: 13Date:

e- Journals

Electronic journals, also known as ejournals, e-journals, and electronic serials, are scholarly journals or intellectual magazines that can be accessed via electronic transmission. In practice, this means that they are usually published on the Web. They are a specialized form of electronic document: they have the purpose of providing material for academic research and study, and they are formatted approximately like journal articles in traditional printed journals. Many electronic journals are listed in directories such as the Directory of Open Access Journals, and the articles indexed in bibliographic databases and search engines for the academic discipline concerned.

Some electronic journals are online-only journals; some are online versions of printed journals, and some consist of the online equivalent of a printed journal, but with additional online-only (sometimes video and interactive media) material.

Most commercial journals are subscription-based, and/or allow pay-per-view access. Many universities subscribe in bulk to packages of electronic journals, so as to provide access to them to their students and faculty. It is generally also possible for individuals to purchase an annual subscription to a journal from the original publisher.

An increasing number of e-journals are available as open access journals, requiring no subscription and offering free full-text articles and reviews to all. Individual articles from electronic journals may be found online for free in an ad-hoc manner: in working paper archives; on personal homepages; and in the collections held in institutional repositories and subject repositories. Some commercial journals find ways to offer free materials. They may offer their initial issue or issues free, and then charge thereafter. Some give away their book reviews section for free. Others offer the first few pages of each article for free.

Most electronic journals are published in HTML and/or PDF formats, but some are available in only one of the two formats.

Websites for e-Journals are:

http://www.e-journals.org/

http://www.esocialsciences.com/

http://ejournal.eduprojects.net/

http://www.thejournal.ie/

Practical: 14Date:

E-Agriculture

E-agriculture (sometimes written eagriculture) is a relatively recent term in the field of agriculture and rural development practices. Consistency in the use of this term began to materialize with the dissemination of results from a global survey carried out by the United Nations (UN). This survey conducted in late 2006 by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) found that half of those who replied identified “e agriculture” with information dissemination, access and exchange, communication and participation processes improvements around rural development. In contrast, less than a third highlighted the importance of technical hardware and technological tools.

E-agriculture, therefore, describes an emerging field focused on the enhancement of agricultural and rural development through improved information and communication processes. More specifically, e-agriculture involves the conceptualization, design, development, evaluation and application of innovative ways to use information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the rural domain, with a primary focus on agriculture.

E-Agriculture is a global Community of Practice, where people from all over the world exchange information, ideas, and resources related to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) for sustainable agriculture and rural development.

With over 11,000 members from 160 countries and territories, the e-Agriculture Community is made up of individual stakeholders such as information and communication specialists, researchers, farmers, students, policy makers, business people, development practitioners, and others.

The members have a common interest that brings us together: improving policies and processes around the use of ICT in support of agriculture and rural development, in order to have a positive impact on rural livelihoods.

Practical: 15Date:

New Media

New media is a generic term for the many different forms of electronic communication that are made possible through the use of computer technology. The term is in relation to "old" media forms, such as print newspapers and magazines that are static representations of text and graphics.

New media refers to on-demand access to content anytime, anywhere, on any digital device, as well as interactive user feedback, and creative participation. Another aspect of new media is the real-time generation of new and unregulated content. Most technologies described as "new media" are digital, often having characteristics of being manipulated, networkable, dense, compressible, and interactive.

New media includes:

Web Sites

Streaming Audio and Video

Chat Rooms

E-Mail

Online Communities

Web Advertising

DVD and CD-ROM Media

Virtual Reality Environments

Integration of Digital Data with the Telephone, such as Internet Telephony

Digital Cameras

Mobile Computing

Use of the term new media implies that the data communication is happening between desktop and laptop computers and handhelds, and

the media they take data from, such as compact discs and floppy disks.