Groovy 1.8 update - Guillaume Laforge - GR8Conf Europe 2011

Groovy UpdateWhat’s new in Groovy 1.8and what’s coming next!

Guillaume LaforgeGroovy Project ManagerSpringSource / VMware

mercredi 18 mai 2011

Guillaume Laforge

• Groovy Project Manager• JSR-241 Spec Lead• Head of Groovy Development

at SpringSource / VMWare• Initiator of the Grails framework• Creator of the Gaelyk toolkit• Co-author of Groovy in Action

• Speaker: JavaOne, QCon, JavaZone, Sun TechDays, Devoxx, The Spring Experience, SpringOne, JAX, Dynamic Language World, IJTC, and more...

2mercredi 18 mai 2011

Guillaume Laforge

• Groovy Project Manager• JSR-241 Spec Lead• Head of Groovy Development

at SpringSource / VMWare• Initiator of the Grails framework• Creator of the Gaelyk toolkit• Co-author of Groovy in Action

• Speaker: JavaOne, QCon, JavaZone, Sun TechDays, Devoxx, The Spring Experience, SpringOne, JAX, Dynamic Language World, IJTC, and more...


Groovy 1.7


Groovy 1.7

1853


Groovy 1.7

185k3


Groovy 1.7

185kFIRST MONTH AFTER RELEASE


Groovy 1.7

k3


Groovy 1.7

k177SECOND MONTH AFTER RELEASE


Groovy 1.7

k3


Groovy 1.7

k362USERS?


TIP OF THEICEBERG?


Agenda

•What’s new in Groovy 1.8?–Nicer DSLs with command chains expressions–Runtime performance improvements–GPars bundled for taming your multicores–Closure enhancements–Builtin JSON support–New AST transformations–Miscelanous


Agenda

•What’s new in Groovy 1.8?–Nicer DSLs with command chains expressions–Runtime performance improvements–GPars bundled for taming your multicores–Closure enhancements–Builtin JSON support–New AST transformations–Miscelanous

•What’s cooking for Groovy 1.9?–Continued runtime performance improvements–Alignments with JDK 7

•Project Coin (small language changes)•InvokeDynamic


Command chains expressions



• A grammar improvement allowing you todrop dots & parens when chaining method calls–an extended version of top-level statements like println







• Less dots, less parens allow you to –write more readable business rules–in almost plain English sentences

•(or any language, of course)











• Let’s have a look at some examples



turn left then right




Alternation of method names




Alternation of method names

and parameters(even named ones)






turn left then right ( ). ( )

Equivalent to:


Look Ma!No parens, no dots!



take 2.pills, of: chloroquinine, after: 6.hours

Before... we used to do...





Normal argument





Normal argument Named arguments





Normal argument Named arguments

Woud call:

def take(Map m, Quantity q)



take 2.pills of chloroquinine after 6.hours

Now, even less punctuation!




Now, even less punctuation!

( ). ( ). ( )



// environment initializationInteger.metaClass.getPills { ‐> delegate }Integer.metaClass.getHours { ‐> delegate } // variable injectiondef chloroquinine = /*...*/ // implementing the DSL logicdef take(n) { [of: { drug ‐> [after: { time ‐> /*...*/ }] }]}

// ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐take 2.pills of chloroquinine after 6.hours

{ }11







... some dots remain ...



take 2 pills of chloroquinine 6 hours after

We could cheat a bit...



take 2 pills of chloroquinine 6 hours after

We could cheat a bit...

( ). ( ). ( ). ( )


Cheatingis playing

with the language



take 2 pills of chloroquinine after 6 hours

Still doable without cheating though



take 2 pills of chloroquinine after 6 hours

Still doable without cheating though

( ). ( ). ( ). ( )



// variable injectiondef (of, after, hours) = /*...*/ // implementing the DSL logicdef take(n) { [pills: { of ‐> [chloroquinine: { after ‐> ['6': { time ‐> }] }] }]}

// ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐take 2 pills of chloroquinine after 6 hours

{ }16





// methods with multiple arguments (commas)take coffee with sugar, milk and liquor




// leverage named‐args as punctuationcheck that: margarita tastes good





// closure parameters for new control structuresgiven {} when {} then {}






// zero‐arg methods require parensselect all unique() from names







// possible with an odd number of termstake 3 cookies








( ). ( ). ( )








( ). ( ). ( )

( ). ( )








( ). ( ). ( )

( ). ( )

( ). ( ). ( )








( ). ( ). ( )

( ). ( )

( ). ( ). ( )

( ). . ( )








( ). ( ). ( )

( ). ( )

( ). ( ). ( )

( ). . ( )

( ).


Runtime perf. improvements

• Significant runtime improvements for primitive int operations–classical Fibonacci example x13 faster!–almost as fast as Java

• Some direct method calls on this

• But there’s more to come!–in particular for all the primitive types

• But Jochen «blackdrag» will tell you more on that!


GPars bundled

• GPars is bundled in the Groovy distribution

• GPars covers a wide range of parallel and concurrent paradigms–actors, fork/join, dataflow, agents, STM...

• Václav Pech will cover the details on GPars


Closure enhancements

• Closure annotation parameters

• Some more functional flavor–composition–trampoline–memoization

• Currying improvements


Closure annotation parameters

21

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@interface Invariant { Class value() // a closure class} @Invariant({ number >= 0 })class Distance { float number String unit} def d = new Distance(number: 10, unit: "meters") def anno = Distance.getAnnotation(Invariant)def check = anno.value().newInstance(d, d)assert check(d)

{


Closure annotation parameters

21

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@interface Invariant { Class value() // a closure class} @Invariant({ number >= 0 })class Distance { float number String unit} def d = new Distance(number: 10, unit: "meters") def anno = Distance.getAnnotation(Invariant)def check = anno.value().newInstance(d, d)assert check(d)

{Poor-man’s GContracts

Don’t miss André’s talk!


Closure composition

22

def plus2 = { it + 2 }def times3 = { it * 3 } def times3plus2 = plus2 << times3assert times3plus2(3) == 11assert times3plus2(4) == plus2(times3(4)) def plus2times3 = times3 << plus2assert plus2times3(3) == 15assert plus2times3(5) == times3(plus2(5)) // reverse compositionassert times3plus2(3) == (times3 >> plus2)(3)

{

{

{mercredi 18 mai 2011

Closure trampoline


Closure trampoline

23

def factorial

factorial = { int n, BigInteger accu = 1G ‐> if (n < 2) return accu factorial.trampoline(n ‐ 1, n * accu)}.trampoline() assert factorial(1) == 1assert factorial(3) == 1 * 2 * 3assert factorial(1000) == 402387260...


Closure memoization


Closure memoization

24

def plus = { a, b ‐> sleep 1000; a + b }.memoize()


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000ms


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000msassert plus(1, 2) == 3 // return immediately


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000msassert plus(1, 2) == 3 // return immediatelyassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // after 1000ms


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000msassert plus(1, 2) == 3 // return immediatelyassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // after 1000msassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // return immediately


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000msassert plus(1, 2) == 3 // return immediatelyassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // after 1000msassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // return immediately


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000msassert plus(1, 2) == 3 // return immediatelyassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // after 1000msassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // return immediately // at least 10 invocations cacheddef plusAtLeast = { ... }.memoizeAtLeast(10)


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000msassert plus(1, 2) == 3 // return immediatelyassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // after 1000msassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // return immediately // at least 10 invocations cacheddef plusAtLeast = { ... }.memoizeAtLeast(10) // at most 10 invocations cacheddef plusAtMost = { ... }.memoizeAtMost(10)


Closure memoization

24


assert plus(1, 2) == 3 // after 1000msassert plus(1, 2) == 3 // return immediatelyassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // after 1000msassert plus(2, 2) == 4 // return immediately // at least 10 invocations cacheddef plusAtLeast = { ... }.memoizeAtLeast(10) // at most 10 invocations cacheddef plusAtMost = { ... }.memoizeAtMost(10)

// between 10 and 20 invocations cacheddef plusAtLeast = { ... }.memoizeBetween(10, 20)


Currying improvements



25

// right curryingdef divide = { a, b ‐> a / b }def halver = divide.rcurry(2)assert halver(8) == 4



25

// right curryingdef divide = { a, b ‐> a / b }def halver = divide.rcurry(2)assert halver(8) == 4 // currying n‐th parameterdef joinWithSeparator = { one, sep, two ‐> one + sep + two }def joinWithComma = joinWithSeparator.ncurry(1, ', ')assert joinWithComma('a', 'b') == 'a, b'


Builtin JSON support

• Consuming

• Producing

• Pretty-printing



27

import groovy.json.*

def payload = new URL( "http://github.../json/commits/...").text

def slurper = new JsonSlurper()def doc = slurper.parseText(payload)

doc.commits.message.each { println it }



28

import groovy.json.* def json = new JsonBuilder() json.person { name "Guillaume" age 33 pets "Hector", "Felix"} println json.toString()



29

import groovy.json.* println JsonOutput.prettyPrint( '''{"person":{"name":"Guillaume","age":33,''' + '''"pets":["Hector","Felix"]}}''')



29

import groovy.json.* println JsonOutput.prettyPrint( '''{"person":{"name":"Guillaume","age":33,''' + '''"pets":["Hector","Felix"]}}''')

{ "person": { "name": "Guillaume", "age": 33, "pets": [ "Hector", "Felix" ] }}


New AST transformations

• @Log

• @Field

• @AutoClone• @AutoExternalizable

• Controlling the execution of your code–@ThreadInterrupt, –@TimedInterrupt, –@ConditionalInterrupt

• @Canonical–@ToString, –@EqualsAndHashCode, –@TupleConstructor

• @InheritConstructor

• @WithReadLock• @WithWriteLock

• @ListenerList


@Log

• Four different loggers can be injected–@Log, @Commons, @Log4j, @Slf4j

• Possible to implement your own strategy

31

import groovy.util.logging.* @Logclass Car { Car() { log.info 'Car constructed' }} def c = new Car()


@Log



31


Guardedw/ an if


@Log



31


Guardedw/ an if

Hackergartencertified!


@Field

• Surprising scoping rules in scripts–variables are local to the run() method–variables aren’t visible in methods

•although visually the variable is in a surrounding scope

• @Field creates a field in the script class

32

@Field List awe = [1, 2, 3]def awesum() { awe.sum() }assert awesum() == 6


Controlling code execution

• Your application may run user’s code–what if the code runs in infinite loops or for too long?–what if the code consumes too many resources?




• 3 new transforms at your rescue–@ThreadInterrupt: adds Thread#isInterrupted checks

so your executing thread stops when interrupted–@TimedInterrupt: adds checks in method and closure

bodies to verify it’s run longer than expected–@ConditionalInterrupt: adds checks with your own

conditional logic to break out from the user code















• Also see compilation customizers later on


@ThreadInterrupt

34

@ThreadInterruptimport groovy.transform.ThreadInterrupt while (true) {

// eat lots of CPU}


@ThreadInterrupt

34


// eat lots of CPU}

if (Thread.currentThread.isInterrupted()) throw new InterruptedException(){ }


@ThreadInterrupt

• Two optional annotation parameters available–checkOnMethodStart (true by default)–applyToAllClasses (true by default)

34


// eat lots of CPU}

if (Thread.currentThread.isInterrupted()) throw new InterruptedException(){ }


@TimedInterrupt

• InterruptedException thrown when checks indicate code ran longer than desired

• Optional annotation parameters available–same as @ThreadInterrupt–value: for an amount of time duration–unit: for the time duration unit (TimeUnit.SECONDS)

35

@TimedInterrupt(10)import groovy.transform.TimedInterrupt while (true) { // eat lots of CPU}


@ConditionalInterrupt

• Specify your own condition to be inserted at the start of method and closure bodies–check for available resources, number of times run, etc.

• Leverages the new closure annotation parameter feature of Groovy 1.8

36

@ConditionalInterrupt({ counter++ > 2 })import groovy.transform.ConditionalInterruptimport groovy.transform.Field @Field int counter = 0

100.times { println 'executing script method...'}


@ToString

• Provides a default toString() method to your types• Available annotation options

–includeNames, includeFields, includeSuper, excludes

37

import groovy.transform.ToString @ToStringclass Person { String name int age} println new Person(name: 'Pete', age: 15)// => Person(Pete, 15)


@EqualsAndHashCode

• Provides default implementations for equals() and hashCode() methods

38

import groovy.transform.EqualsAndHashCode @EqualsAndHashCodeclass Coord { int x, y} def c1 = new Coord(x: 20, y: 5)def c2 = new Coord(x: 20, y: 5) assert c1 == c2assert c1.hashCode() == c2.hashCode()


@TupleConstructor

• Provides a «classical» constructor with all properties• Several annotation parameter options available

39

import groovy.transform.TupleConstructor @TupleConstructor class Person { String name int age} def m = new Person('Marion', 3) assert m.name == 'Marion'assert m.age == 3


@Canonical

• One annotation to rule them all!–@Canonical mixes together

•@ToString•@EqualsAndHashCode•@TupleConstructor

• You can customize behavior by combining @Canonical and one of the other annotations


@InheritConstructor

• Classes like Exception are painful when extended, as all the base constructors should be replicated

41

class CustomException extends Exception { CustomException() { super() } CustomException(String msg) { super(msg) } CustomException(String msg, Throwable t) { super(msg, t) } CustomException(Throwable t) { super(t) }}


@InheritConstructor

• Classes like Exception are painful when extended, as all the base constructors should be replicated

41

class CustomException extends Exception { CustomException() { super() } CustomException(String msg) { super(msg) } CustomException(String msg, Throwable t) { super(msg, t) } CustomException(Throwable t) { super(t) }}

import groovy.transform.*

@InheritConstructorsclass CustomException extends Exception {

}


@WithReadLock, @WithWriteLock

42

import groovy.transform.* class ResourceProvider { private final Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<>() @WithReadLock String getResource(String key) { return data.get(key) } @WithWriteLock void refresh() { //reload the resources into memory }}


@WithReadLock, @WithWriteLock

42

import groovy.transform.* class ResourceProvider { private final Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<>() @WithReadLock String getResource(String key) { return data.get(key) } @WithWriteLock void refresh() { //reload the resources into memory }}

{

{


Miscelanous

• Compilation customizers • Java 7 diamond operator• Slashy and dollar slashy strings• New GDK methods• (G)String to Enum coercion


Compilation customizers

• Ability to apply some customization to the Groovy compilation process

• Three available customizers–ImportCustomizer–SecureASTCustomizer–ASTTransformationCustomizer

• But you can implement your own


Imports customizer

45

def configuration = new CompilerConfiguration() def custo = new ImportCustomizer()custo.addStaticStar(Math.name)configuration.addCompilationCustomizers(custo) def result = new GroovyShell(configuration) .evaluate(" cos PI/3 ")


Applying an AST transformation

46

def configuration = new CompilerConfiguration()

configuration.addCompilationCustomizers( new ASTTransformationCustomizer(Log)) new GroovyShell(configuration).evaluate(""" class Car { Car() { log.info 'Car constructed' } } log.info 'Constructing a car' def c = new Car()""")


Secure AST customizer

• Let’s setup our environment–some imports–an import customizer to import java.lang.Math.*–prepare a secure AST customizer

47

import org.codehaus.groovy.control.customizers.*import org.codehaus.groovy.control.*import static org.codehaus.groovy.syntax.Types.* def imports = new ImportCustomizer().addStaticStars('java.lang.Math')def secure = new SecureASTCustomizer()...

Idea: Implement an «arithmetic shell»Being able control what a user script is allowed to do: only arithmetic expressions



48

...secure.with {

// disallow closure creationclosuresAllowed = false // disallow method definitionsmethodDefinitionAllowed = false

// empty white list => forbid importsimportsWhitelist = [] staticImportsWhitelist = []// only allow the java.lang.Math.* static importstaticStarImportsWhitelist = ['java.lang.Math'

...



49

...// language tokens allowedtokensWhitelist = [

PLUS, MINUS, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE, MOD, POWER, PLUS_PLUS, MINUS_MINUS, COMPARE_EQUAL, COMPARE_NOT_EQUAL, COMPARE_LESS_THAN, COMPARE_LESS_THAN_EQUAL, COMPARE_GREATER_THAN, COMPARE_GREATER_THAN_EQUAL

]

// types allowed to be used (including primitive types)constantTypesClassesWhiteList = [

Integer, Float, Long, Double, BigDecimal, Integer.TYPE, Long.TYPE, Float.TYPE, Double.TYPE

]

// classes who are allowed to be receivers of method callsreceiversClassesWhiteList = [

Math, Integer, Float, Double, Long, BigDecimal ]}...



• Ready to evaluate our arithmetic expressions!

• But the following would have failed:

50

shell.evaluate 'System.exit(0)'

...def config = new CompilerConfiguration()config.addCompilationCustomizers(imports, secure)

def shell = new GroovyShell(config) shell.evaluate 'cos(PI/3)'


Slashy and dollar slashy strings

• Slashy strings are now multiline–particularly handy for multi-line regexs

• Dollar slashy string notation introduced–a multiline GString with different escaping rules

51

def (name, date) = ["Guillaume", "May, 17th"]def dollarSlashy = $/ Hello $name, today we're ${date} $ dollar‐sign $$ dollar‐sign \ backslash / slash $/ slash/$


New GDK methods


New GDK methods

52

// countassert [2,4,2,1,3,5,2,4,3].count { it % 2 == 0 } == 5


New GDK methods

52

// countassert [2,4,2,1,3,5,2,4,3].count { it % 2 == 0 } == 5 // count byassert [0:2, 1:3] == [1,2,3,4,5].countBy{ it % 2 }assert [(true):2, (false):4] == 'Groovy'.toList().countBy{ it == 'o' }


New GDK methods

52

// countassert [2,4,2,1,3,5,2,4,3].count { it % 2 == 0 } == 5 // count byassert [0:2, 1:3] == [1,2,3,4,5].countBy{ it % 2 }assert [(true):2, (false):4] == 'Groovy'.toList().countBy{ it == 'o' } // min/max for maps with closuresdef map = [a: 1, bbb: 4, cc: 5, dddd: 2] assert map.max { it.key.size() }.key == 'dddd'assert map.min { it.value }.value == 1


New GDK methods

52

// countassert [2,4,2,1,3,5,2,4,3].count { it % 2 == 0 } == 5 // count byassert [0:2, 1:3] == [1,2,3,4,5].countBy{ it % 2 }assert [(true):2, (false):4] == 'Groovy'.toList().countBy{ it == 'o' } // min/max for maps with closuresdef map = [a: 1, bbb: 4, cc: 5, dddd: 2] assert map.max { it.key.size() }.key == 'dddd'assert map.min { it.value }.value == 1 // map withDefault()def words = "one two two three three three".split()def freq = [:].withDefault { k ‐> 0 }words.each { freq[it] += 1 }


(G)String to Enum coercion

53

enum Color { red, green, blue}



53

enum Color { red, green, blue}



53

enum Color { red, green, blue} // coercion with asdef r = "red" as Color



53

enum Color { red, green, blue} // coercion with asdef r = "red" as Color // implicit coercionColor b = "blue"



53

enum Color { red, green, blue} // coercion with asdef r = "red" as Color // implicit coercionColor b = "blue" // with GStrings toodef g = "${'green'}" as Color


What’s cookingfor 1.9?


Groovy 1.9 roadmap

• Java 7 alignements: Project Coin–binary literals–underscore in literals–multicatch

• JDK 7: InvokeDynamic

• Towards a more modular Groovy• Rewritten Antlr 3 grammar (GSoC)• Eclipse compiler to replace

the joint compiler?

• What else? Your call!


Groovy 1.9 roadmap

• Java 7 alignements: Project Coin–binary literals–underscore in literals–multicatch

• JDK 7: InvokeDynamic

• Towards a more modular Groovy• Rewritten Antlr 3 grammar (GSoC)• Eclipse compiler to replace

the joint compiler?

• What else? Your call!


Binary literals

• We had decimal, octal and hexadecimal notations for number literals

• We can now use binary representations too

56

int x = 0b10101111assert x == 175 byte aByte = 0b00100001assert aByte == 33 int anInt = 0b1010000101000101assert anInt == 41285


Underscore in literals

• We can now also add underscores in number literals for more readability

57

long creditCardNumber = 1234_5678_9012_3456Llong socialSecurityNumbers = 999_99_9999Lfloat monetaryAmount = 12_345_132.12long hexBytes = 0xFF_EC_DE_5Elong hexWords = 0xFFEC_DE5Elong maxLong = 0x7fff_ffff_ffff_ffffLlong alsoMaxLong = 9_223_372_036_854_775_807Llong bytes = 0b11010010_01101001_10010100_10010010


Multicatch

• One block for multiple exception caught–rather than duplicating the block

58

try { /* ... */} catch(IOException | NullPointerException e) { /* one block to treat 2 exceptions */}


Summary

59

ROCK!mercredi 18 mai 2011

Thank you!

Guillaume Laforge

Head of Groovy Development

Email: [email protected]

Twitter: @glaforge


mailto:[email protected]














Image credits

• Iceberg: http://hqworld.net/gallery/data/media/20/tip_of_the_iceberg.jpg

• Bicycle: http://drunkcyclist.com/gallery/main.php?g2_view=core.DownloadItem&g2_itemId=2131&g2_serialNumber=2

• Pills: http://www.we-ew.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/plan-b-pills.jpg

• Chains: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GXDVqUYSCa0/TVdBsON4tdI/AAAAAAAAAW4/EgJOUmAxB28/s1600/breaking-chains5_copy9611.jpg

• Cheating: http://fr.academic.ru/pictures/frwiki/67/Cheating.JPG

• Cooking: http://www.flickr.com/photos/eole/449958332/sizes/l/

• Oui nide iou: http://desencyclopedie.wikia.com/wiki/Fichier:Superdupont_we_need_you.jpg

• Guitar: http://www.lelitteraire.com/IMG/breveon323.jpg

• Trampoline: http://www.fitness-online.fr/images/trampoline-1-m.jpg

• Curry: http://www.pot-a-epices.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/curry1.jpg

• Slurp: http://www.ohpacha.com/218-532-thickbox/gamelle-slurp.jpg


http://hqworld.net/gallery/data/media/20/tip_of_the_iceberg.jpg

http://hqworld.net/gallery/data/media/20/tip_of_the_iceberg.jpg

http://drunkcyclist.com/gallery/main.php?g2_view=core.DownloadItem&g2_itemId=2131&g2_serialNumber=2

http://drunkcyclist.com/gallery/main.php?g2_view=core.DownloadItem&g2_itemId=2131&g2_serialNumber=2

http://www.we-ew.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/plan-b-pills.jpg

http://www.we-ew.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/plan-b-pills.jpg

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GXDVqUYSCa0/TVdBsON4tdI/AAAAAAAAAW4/EgJOUmAxB28/s1600/breaking-chains5_copy9611.jpg

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GXDVqUYSCa0/TVdBsON4tdI/AAAAAAAAAW4/EgJOUmAxB28/s1600/breaking-chains5_copy9611.jpg

http://fr.academic.ru/pictures/frwiki/67/Cheating.JPG

http://fr.academic.ru/pictures/frwiki/67/Cheating.JPG

http://www.flickr.com/photos/eole/449958332/sizes/l/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/eole/449958332/sizes/l/

http://desencyclopedie.wikia.com/wiki/Fichier:Superdupont_we_need_you.jpg

http://desencyclopedie.wikia.com/wiki/Fichier:Superdupont_we_need_you.jpg

http://www.lelitteraire.com/IMG/breveon323.jpg

http://www.lelitteraire.com/IMG/breveon323.jpg

http://www.fitness-online.fr/images/trampoline-1-m.jpg

http://www.fitness-online.fr/images/trampoline-1-m.jpg

http://www.pot-a-epices.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/curry1.jpg

http://www.pot-a-epices.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/curry1.jpg

http://www.ohpacha.com/218-532-thickbox/gamelle-slurp.jpg

http://www.ohpacha.com/218-532-thickbox/gamelle-slurp.jpg

Technology

Groovy 1.8 update - Guillaume Laforge - GR8Conf Europe 2011