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A talk given in Milan on FOAF, Semantic Web history, OpenID and trends in the social Web.
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FOAF, OpenID & the Social WebMilan, May 12th 2008
Convergence ’08:
2004
2000
1997
2008
[Semantic] Web
Social Networks
“Web 2.0”
Identity
... the Social Web
Portability
How did we get here?
Rise of the ‘social network’ site
Parallel rise of key ‘open’ technologies
2008 is the year it all opens up...
Brief history of the Semantic Web project
briefer history of Social Network sites
impact of OpenID and OAuth
In the beginning...
...was the Web
“To a computer, the Web is a flat, boring world, devoid of meaning. This is a pity, as in fact documents on the Web describe real objects and imaginary concepts, and give particular relationships between them.”
“For example, a document might describe a person. The title document to a house describes a house and also the ownership relation with a person.”
“Adding semantics to the Web involves two things: allowing documents which have information in machine-readable forms, and allowing links to be created with relationship values. [this will] help us exploit the information to a greater extent than our own reading.”
Tim Berners-Lee "W3 future directions" keynote - 1st World Wide Web Conference Geneva, May 1994
Web pages describe
the World
Each makes ‘claims’
They can disagree
... Web pages reflect a (complex) world
The Semantic Web project:
‘let machines use the claims made in Web pages’
what objects do they describe?
what relationships do they claim?
who made the claims? what other claims support them?
Who made the claims? (OpenID)What about private data? (OAuth)Better publishing in HTML? (Microformats/RDFa)Querying all this data? (W3C SPARQL)
Convergence ’08:
A is for...F O A F M F H
P O S CX M P P K A
VF L E O LS N N SP S I O CA D AR D F O A U T HQ OL H
CC A R D M
Terms (vocab)F O A F H
P S CX M K A
VF L O LEN S
S I O CATO
HC
C A R D M
Infrastructure (neutral)M F
OX M P P
ES NP IA D AR D F O A U T HQ OL M
Social Network services evolve...
livejournal.com
VOX
Widgets/apps
Open data
code visits data
data visits code
Friend of a Friend
FOAF is a project about sharing information in the Web. It's about ways of describing things using computers,
so that those descriptions can be linked together, mixed up with other data, and searched.
People, groups, accounts, photos, IM, life on the Web.
Machine-readable pages, de-centralised, freely extensible.
Everyone’s connected? Don’t say it, show it:
...the evidence friendship leaves in the world and Web
Work. Fun. Beer. Travel. Writings. Events. Music. Photos. Life.
“Ordinary life is pretty complex stuff.”- Harvey Pekar
Image description example:
Not just buddylists, but the things we make and do.
Group description example:
Not just people, but the groups they are members of
my.opera.com
www.livejournal.com
Data-merging example:
Henry says, “My name is ‘Henry Story”
Joe says, “I know Henry who knows Jane”
Joe knows someone called “Henry Story”
FOAF support in Apple MacOSX Safari:
Tabulator, a FOAF-aware browser:
Scaling to the Web?
Oracle
“Oracle Spatial 11g introduces the industry's first open, scalable, secure and reliable RDF management platform. Based on a graph data model, RDF triples are persisted, indexed and queried, similar to other
object-relational data types.
Application areas include Social Network Applications, Friend of a Friend applications, social network tracking and navigation common in security and intelligence applications”
(competing with e.g. OpenLink and numerous opensource systems)
FOAF/XFN in Google Social Graph API:
'The Social Graph API makes information about the public connections between
people on the web more easily available.'
Based on open standards ... Google “currently indexes the public Web for XHTML Friends Network (XFN), Friend of a Friend (FOAF) markup and
other publicly declared connections. By supporting open Web standards for describing connections between people, web sites can add to the social
infrastructure of the web.”
FOAF/RDFa in Yahoo search
Without a killer semantic web app for consumers, site owners have been reluctant to support
standards like RDF, or even microformats. We believe that
app can be web search.
...we plan to support vocabulary from Dublin Core, Creative Commons, FOAF, GeoRSS,
MediaRSS, and others. ... we will support RDFa and eRDF markup
to embed these into existing HTML pages
Social Graph browser:
OpenID & OAuth
Wired: “Taken together, OpenID and OAuth establish an open, reusable means of turning the whole web into your own personal social network.”
Sign-in with a URL
Identify buddies with URLs
Inter-site data permissioning system
Richer infrastructure for cross-site integration
What can we do today?
Migrate profiles between sites
Use OpenID to label source of claims
Use FOAF & Microformats to describe owner of OpenID
Use Google SG API to find old friends on new sites
Navigate unified ‘Social Graph’ with alternate UI
User experience impact?
OpenID is a learning experience...
Reduce email-based “add a friend” noise
Less work to enter and enjoy a new ‘social’ site
User education needed re privacy exposure
More focussed, specialist sites (travel, music, food, tv, events)
Greater than sum of parts?
OpenID gives Identity not Trust
FOAF/RDF gives claim-based description, not Trust
Linked data approach allows Trust to flow
If you are sure about ‘danbri.org’, and danbri.org claims same owner as
danbri.livejournal.com, ... you have a basis for believing claims from the latter.
(Google SGAPI does just this)
What can we expect tommorrow?
Focus moving from individuals to groups:
super-connectors will link sites
communities will spread across sites
Evidence-based friend lists:
people I send mail to
people I work with
members of my family
people in my city
Data flow; implicit groups; offsite filtering
Identified by OpenID.Described by FOAF/XFN.
Shared with OAuth.Syndicated with RSS/Atom.
Notified via XMPP.Searched by Yahoo/Google/...?
