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Online GIS applications can be delivered using cloud computing platforms which provide Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS) resources. An introduction to essential cloud computing concepts and considerations will be reviewed in addition to a presentation of public sector industry trends involving other cloud hosted technologies related to GIS applications. The presentation will feature examples of cloud hosted GIS applications at federal, state, and local government levels including the City of Novi\'s ArcGIS Server 10 deployment using a public cloud hosting provider.
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Exploring Cloud Computing Technologies for Geospatial
Applications
2011 IMAGIN ConferenceDoubleTree Hotel & Conference
CenterBay City, MI
3:30 – 4:15 pmMonday, May 2nd
Christopher Blough, PMP, MPAGIS Manager
City of Novi Department of Information Technology
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Today’s Discussion
Cloud computing essentials Cloud benefits and obstacles Public sector cloud service adoption trends City of Novi’s cloud geospatial application deployment
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Gartner’s 2010 Hype Cycle: Cloud Computing
A Definition of Cloud Computing
National Institute of Standards & Technology: Convenient, on-demand,
network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that
can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management
effort or service provider interaction.
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Networks Servers Storage
Apps Services
Key Cloud Computing Characteristics
On-demand self service Broad network access Resource pooling (independent of location) Rapid elasticity Measured service
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Service Models
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SaaSSoftware as a
ServiceEnd user
applications delivered as a service vs. on-
premises software
PaaSPlatform as a
ServiceApplication platform or middleware as a
service which developers build
and deploy applications
IaaSInfrastructure as
a ServiceCompute, storage,
and operating systems required for fundamental
computing resources
Increasing Service Provider Management Responsibility
Increasing Tenant / Subscriber Management Responsibility
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Examples by Service Model Software as a Service Applications (SaaS)
Geospatial Apps E-mail / IM Document Management
Social Media Virtual Desktops Legacy Applications
Organization’s Web Site
Office Software Apps Line of Business Apps
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Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Database Testing Tools Developer Tools
Database Mgt System Directory Services
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
File Storage Systems Web Services Server Hosting
Server VM Systems Virtual Servers
Deployment Models
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Private CloudEnterprise Owned or
Leased (on or off premises)
Community CloudShared infrastructure
for a specific community or industry
Public CloudAvailable to the general
public and provides greatest economy of
scale
Hybrid Cloud – Composition of more than two of the above.
Example: Cloud Gateways
Enterprise Cloud Architecture Examples
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Workloads Infrastructure Security
Geospatial / Business Intelligence
Virtualization Management
Identity access management
Customer Relationship Management
Storage Network Data Security
Development & Testing Environment
Automated Provisioning
Application Security
Financials Cloud Gateways Physical Security
Office Software Self-service portals Network Security
Proprietary Applications
Metering/chargebacks
Anti-malware
Disaster Recovery Compliance Monitoring
* Table from Your Strategic Guide to Operationalizing Cloud – International Data Group Communications, 2011
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Agility – Deploy, deliver, standardized resources in less time Scalability – adjust resources on demand variation Reduced Overhead – personnel / hardware / peak capacity situations
Improved Economies of Scale – multi-tenant model Resource Pooling – multiple organization business units On-demand Pricing – shifting fixed costs to variable base Accessibility – Internet delivery to mobile, office, home
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Obstacles to Cloud Adoption Security / privacy liability Availability (SLA) & performance guarantees Absence of industry standards Compliance and audit acceptance
Regulatory – off-premise / unauthorized third parties
Legislative mandates Internal organizational polices
Integration with existing systems Migration to different cloud hosting providers
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Plan for failure Retain in-house
expertise Create internal
backup options Diversify
holdings SLA’s matter Make certain
your vendor has skin in the game in subcontracting situations
PC World – 4/25/2011 – Stephanie Overby
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Public Sector Cloud Service
Adoption Trends
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Non-sensitive data storage Public web services (e.g. calls for transparency) System development and testing environment Redeployment of staff to mission critical areas Disaster data recovery systems Services and application sharing avenues
MiCloud: Provides governance and direction for cloud-computing efforts within State government
Proving – piloting – sourcing the State of Michigan’s cloud offerings
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Event & Task Driven Cloud Deployments
Recovery.gov – Tracking US Federal stimulus fund appropriation
UDS Mapper – Showing the allocations of Federal funding for healthcare expenditures
BP Gulf of Mexico Oil Release – Created by ESRI to help in the response and recovery efforts.
Private Cloud Hosting (Public-Private Partnership)Ontario Facilities Director’s Council
Facilities Management GeoPortal Distributed Architecture
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Ministry of Energy & Infrastructure
Ministry of Community and Social Services Ministry of
Finance
Ministry of Natural Resources
Cabinet Office / Premier’s Office
Ministry of Citizenship & Immigration
Ministry of Transportation
Ministry of Agriculture
Ministry of Attorney General
Ministry of Community and Social Services
Ministry of Education
Ministry of Children & Youth
Services
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City of Novi’s Application Design &
Hosting Goals Independent site administration Leverage ArcGIS Server investment Manage updates on demand Engaging interface and responsive tools Manage layer specific access rights Leverage next generation technologies
ArcIMS was approaching twilight phase of the product cycle (set for deprecation after ArcIMS 10.0)
Overhead concerns grow when maintaining legacy systems Author – Serve – Publish Cycle Using ArcGIS Server
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Peer Evaluation Internal versus external hosting environment
Internal access External access Hardware architecture and costs Efficient maintenance practices API’s for JS, Flex, Silverlight Compatibility with existing GIS systems
Overcome inertia - Doesn’t Google Earth/Bing already solve the problem?
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ArcGIS Server in the Cloud ESRI introduces ArcGIS Server bundled with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) at 10.0
Quick application deployment via AMI’s Independent user administration IaaS & SaaS delivery options
Other forms of ESRI cloud apps Online: Map Services, Task Services, Community Maps SaaS: ArcGIS.com, ArcLogistics, Business Analyst Online
Mobile: ArcGIS API for iOS version 1.0 (iPhone, iPod, iPad) & ArcGIS API for Windows Phone devices
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Hardware Architecture Options
12/7/2010Entirely Cloud Hosted Approach Alternative #3 – v2.0
City of Novi ArcGIS Server Hardware Architecture
Amazon (EC2) Elastic Compute Cloud HostingInternal & Public Facing Map Services
maps.cityofnovi.org
Amazon Machine Instance with an Elastic IP Address
City of Novi Hosts Internal & External Facing Map ServicesEntirely in the Cloud
ArcGIS Server APIREST Service Architecture
IIS Services
ArcGIS Server for Workgroups
GIS/Data ServerSDE SQL Express Database
Internet
Windows 2008 FirewallRestricted Remote Access
64-Bit Windows 2008 Server7.5 GB RAM
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Cloud SecurityEngage network security specialists
Design / System MaintenanceUpgrades & Service Pack InstallationsEvent Recovery & Data Service/Restoration
Amazon Web Services Whitepapers Overview of Security Processes & Best Practices http://aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/
Cloud Security AllianceTop Threats to Cloud Computing v1.0 – March 2010
http://cloudsecurityalliance.org
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Project Timeline
Issued RFP for AGS Server Development & Hosting Services on April 2010
Five qualified responses were rated via QBS
Contract awarded to GISi on May 3, 2010
Site operational July 10, 2010 Project completed July 30, 2010
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Highlights Demonstration
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Results Extensible platform for AGS which Novi IT/GIS independently manages and updates
Single application shared by public and staff Site complements future initiatives
Economic development Historic site awareness / community outreach Infrastructure maintenance & management Public safety incident mapping Flexible and agile in responding to future demands
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Lessons Learned One-size is not for everyone Cloud computing early in the technology life cycle
Cloud security is a joint responsibility
Cloud technology maturation will establish new opportunities
New funding realities mean re-evaluating options
Know your business requirements
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Great Resources Online References & Discussions
Gartner Global IT Council for Cloud Services – Rights and Responsibilities for Cloud Computing Services
LinkedIn Spatial Cloud Computing (SC2) & Managers in GIS Group
Directions Media – Directions Magazine NIST Cloud Computing Resources
Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm v26 (www.nist.gov)
ESRI’s GIS in the Cloud Resources (esri.com/cloud) The New Age of Cloud Computing, Victoria Kouyoumjian GIS in the Cloud, David Chappell Estimating the Cost of a GIS in the Amazon Cloud (ESRI White Paper– January 2011)
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Questions / Feedback
Review the City of Novi’s Internet Mapping Portal online at maps.cityofnovi.org
Chris Blough,City GIS Manager(248) [email protected]/in/blough
