Exploring Cloud Computing Technologies for Geospatial

Applications

2011 IMAGIN ConferenceDoubleTree Hotel & Conference

CenterBay City, MI

3:30 – 4:15 pmMonday, May 2nd

Christopher Blough, PMP, MPAGIS Manager

City of Novi Department of Information Technology

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Today’s Discussion

Cloud computing essentials Cloud benefits and obstacles Public sector cloud service adoption trends City of Novi’s cloud geospatial application deployment

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Gartner’s 2010 Hype Cycle: Cloud Computing

A Definition of Cloud Computing

National Institute of Standards & Technology: Convenient, on-demand,

network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that

can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management

effort or service provider interaction.

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Networks Servers Storage

Apps Services

Key Cloud Computing Characteristics

On-demand self service Broad network access Resource pooling (independent of location) Rapid elasticity Measured service

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Service Models

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SaaSSoftware as a

ServiceEnd user

applications delivered as a service vs. on-

premises software

PaaSPlatform as a

ServiceApplication platform or middleware as a

service which developers build

and deploy applications

IaaSInfrastructure as

a ServiceCompute, storage,

and operating systems required for fundamental

computing resources

Increasing Service Provider Management Responsibility

Increasing Tenant / Subscriber Management Responsibility

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Examples by Service Model Software as a Service Applications (SaaS)

Geospatial Apps E-mail / IM Document Management

Social Media Virtual Desktops Legacy Applications

Organization’s Web Site

Office Software Apps Line of Business Apps

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Database Testing Tools Developer Tools

Database Mgt System Directory Services

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

File Storage Systems Web Services Server Hosting

Server VM Systems Virtual Servers

Deployment Models

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Private CloudEnterprise Owned or

Leased (on or off premises)

Community CloudShared infrastructure

for a specific community or industry

Public CloudAvailable to the general

public and provides greatest economy of

scale

Hybrid Cloud – Composition of more than two of the above.

Example: Cloud Gateways

Enterprise Cloud Architecture Examples

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Workloads Infrastructure Security

Geospatial / Business Intelligence

Virtualization Management

Identity access management

Customer Relationship Management

Storage Network Data Security

Development & Testing Environment

Automated Provisioning

Application Security

Financials Cloud Gateways Physical Security

Office Software Self-service portals Network Security

Proprietary Applications

Metering/chargebacks

Anti-malware

Disaster Recovery Compliance Monitoring

* Table from Your Strategic Guide to Operationalizing Cloud – International Data Group Communications, 2011

Benefits of Cloud Computing

Agility – Deploy, deliver, standardized resources in less time Scalability – adjust resources on demand variation Reduced Overhead – personnel / hardware / peak capacity situations

Improved Economies of Scale – multi-tenant model Resource Pooling – multiple organization business units On-demand Pricing – shifting fixed costs to variable base Accessibility – Internet delivery to mobile, office, home

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Obstacles to Cloud Adoption Security / privacy liability Availability (SLA) & performance guarantees Absence of industry standards Compliance and audit acceptance

Regulatory – off-premise / unauthorized third parties

Legislative mandates Internal organizational polices

Integration with existing systems Migration to different cloud hosting providers

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Plan for failure Retain in-house

expertise Create internal

backup options Diversify

holdings SLA’s matter Make certain

your vendor has skin in the game in subcontracting situations

PC World – 4/25/2011 – Stephanie Overby

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Public Sector Cloud Service

Adoption Trends

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Non-sensitive data storage Public web services (e.g. calls for transparency) System development and testing environment Redeployment of staff to mission critical areas Disaster data recovery systems Services and application sharing avenues

MiCloud: Provides governance and direction for cloud-computing efforts within State government

Proving – piloting – sourcing the State of Michigan’s cloud offerings

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Event & Task Driven Cloud Deployments

Recovery.gov – Tracking US Federal stimulus fund appropriation

UDS Mapper – Showing the allocations of Federal funding for healthcare expenditures

BP Gulf of Mexico Oil Release – Created by ESRI to help in the response and recovery efforts.

Private Cloud Hosting (Public-Private Partnership)Ontario Facilities Director’s Council

Facilities Management GeoPortal Distributed Architecture

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Ministry of Energy & Infrastructure

Ministry of Community and Social Services Ministry of

Finance

Ministry of Natural Resources

Cabinet Office / Premier’s Office

Ministry of Citizenship & Immigration

Ministry of Transportation

Ministry of Agriculture

Ministry of Attorney General

Ministry of Community and Social Services

Ministry of Education

Ministry of Children & Youth

Services

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City of Novi’s Application Design &

Hosting Goals Independent site administration Leverage ArcGIS Server investment Manage updates on demand Engaging interface and responsive tools Manage layer specific access rights Leverage next generation technologies

ArcIMS was approaching twilight phase of the product cycle (set for deprecation after ArcIMS 10.0)

Overhead concerns grow when maintaining legacy systems Author – Serve – Publish Cycle Using ArcGIS Server

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Peer Evaluation Internal versus external hosting environment

Internal access External access Hardware architecture and costs Efficient maintenance practices API’s for JS, Flex, Silverlight Compatibility with existing GIS systems

Overcome inertia - Doesn’t Google Earth/Bing already solve the problem?

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ArcGIS Server in the Cloud ESRI introduces ArcGIS Server bundled with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) at 10.0

Quick application deployment via AMI’s Independent user administration IaaS & SaaS delivery options

Other forms of ESRI cloud apps Online: Map Services, Task Services, Community Maps SaaS: ArcGIS.com, ArcLogistics, Business Analyst Online

Mobile: ArcGIS API for iOS version 1.0 (iPhone, iPod, iPad) & ArcGIS API for Windows Phone devices

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Hardware Architecture Options

12/7/2010Entirely Cloud Hosted Approach Alternative #3 – v2.0

City of Novi ArcGIS Server Hardware Architecture

Amazon (EC2) Elastic Compute Cloud HostingInternal & Public Facing Map Services

maps.cityofnovi.org

Amazon Machine Instance with an Elastic IP Address

City of Novi Hosts Internal & External Facing Map ServicesEntirely in the Cloud

ArcGIS Server APIREST Service Architecture

IIS Services

ArcGIS Server for Workgroups

GIS/Data ServerSDE SQL Express Database

Internet

Windows 2008 FirewallRestricted Remote Access

64-Bit Windows 2008 Server7.5 GB RAM

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Cloud SecurityEngage network security specialists

Design / System MaintenanceUpgrades & Service Pack InstallationsEvent Recovery & Data Service/Restoration

Amazon Web Services Whitepapers Overview of Security Processes & Best Practices http://aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/

Cloud Security AllianceTop Threats to Cloud Computing v1.0 – March 2010

http://cloudsecurityalliance.org

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Project Timeline

Issued RFP for AGS Server Development & Hosting Services on April 2010

Five qualified responses were rated via QBS

Contract awarded to GISi on May 3, 2010

Site operational July 10, 2010 Project completed July 30, 2010

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Highlights Demonstration

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Results Extensible platform for AGS which Novi IT/GIS independently manages and updates

Single application shared by public and staff Site complements future initiatives

Economic development Historic site awareness / community outreach Infrastructure maintenance & management Public safety incident mapping Flexible and agile in responding to future demands

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Lessons Learned One-size is not for everyone Cloud computing early in the technology life cycle

Cloud security is a joint responsibility

Cloud technology maturation will establish new opportunities

New funding realities mean re-evaluating options

Know your business requirements

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Great Resources Online References & Discussions

Gartner Global IT Council for Cloud Services – Rights and Responsibilities for Cloud Computing Services

LinkedIn Spatial Cloud Computing (SC2) & Managers in GIS Group

Directions Media – Directions Magazine NIST Cloud Computing Resources

Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm v26 (www.nist.gov)

ESRI’s GIS in the Cloud Resources (esri.com/cloud) The New Age of Cloud Computing, Victoria Kouyoumjian GIS in the Cloud, David Chappell Estimating the Cost of a GIS in the Amazon Cloud (ESRI White Paper– January 2011)

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Questions / Feedback

Review the City of Novi’s Internet Mapping Portal online at maps.cityofnovi.org

Chris Blough,City GIS Manager(248) 347-3279cblough@cityofnovi.orgwww.linkedin.com/in/blough