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EPUB 3 and the xAPI: EPUB 3 and the xAPI: An Open Platform for Activity-based Mobile LearningAn Open Platform for Activity-based Mobile Learning
25 June 2014, San DiegoTyde Richards and Jason Haag
Overview
The SCORM Heritage
The IEEE LTSC SCORM Study Group
The IEEE Actionable Data Book
Q&A
The Rise of SCORM
~1997 Web-based learning takes off
Technically based on browser + Web server
New requirements for interoperability
ADL and others collaborate on SCORM
SCORM achieves global adoption
The SCORM Interoperability Model
SCOSCO
Learning Specific Structure Learning Specific Content
ClientClient
Zip FileZip File
Web browser“dumb”
Learning Management SystemBusiness logic
The Sharable Content Object
IEEE 1484.12.1
IEEE 1484.11.2
IEEE 1484.11.1
2010 - A Changed Context
SCORM mature - loss of momentum
Accelerating pace of new technologies
–Maturation of Open Web Platform
–Big data and cloud-based services
–Mobile Platforms
Interest in learning interoperability declines
IEEE LTSC Study Group on SCORM
Transition Time Between Paradigms
MainframeMainframe PersonalComputerPersonalComputer
WebBrowserWeb
BrowserSomething
ElseSomething
Else
UnstableUnstable UnstableUnstable UnstableUnstable
We are here
Enter xAPI
Traditional SCORM: Content + Runtime
xAPI as the new Runtime?
Solves know problems– RESTful API, extensions
New future oriented-affordances– [Cloud | Big | Semantic | Activity Stream ] data
Right solution for new times
xAPI Background
Developed by open source community
Tracks experiences, informal learning, real-world experiences (not just courses)
Allows data storage & retrieval (mobile apps, games, ITS, and virtual worlds experiences, team/group activities)
Machine and human readable (uses natural language)
xAPI Background
Project “Tin Can API”
Based on http://activitystrea.ms
Collaboration between Google, Facebook, Microsoft and others
xAPI Background
Allows reporting of experiences, not just completionsStatement format:
Simple: I (actor) watched (verb) a video on protecting employee data (activity)Complex: in the context of [information assurance certification training course ] with result [timestamp:2013-0618T18:30:32.360Z ].
Statement (Actor, Verb, Object)
12
An xAPI Statement Properties
ID
Actor
Object
Verb
Result
Context
Timestamp
Attachments
What is the Learning Record Store?
Reporting
Systems
Reporting
Systems
Assessment
Services
Assessment
Services
Semantic Analysis
Semantic Analysis
Statist ical
Services
Statist ical
Services
xAPI Resources & Adoption
15
‣ xAPI Specification & Documentation
‣ https://github.com/adlnet/xAPI-Spec/
‣ xAPI JavaScript Wrapper
‣ https://github.com/adlnet/xAPIWrapper
‣ Learning Record Store
‣ https://github.com/adlnet/ADL_LRS
‣ Adoption
‣ 8 LRS Solutions (open source & commercial)
‣ Integrated into eLearning authoring tools
‣ Over 200 active participants in WG & Cohorts
To carry SCORM forward …
xAPI modernizes the SCORM runtime
Is that it?
What about a modernized content strategy?
Is that desirable or even possible?
IEEE LTSC considered many technologies
Concluded both possible and desirable
EPUB 3
New open format for eBooks
Developed by IDPF
Adopts HTML5 as content format
eBook now packaged Website on mobile device
Implications for interactivity: huge but unexplored
A New but Familiar Architecture
HTML5
HTML5
Generic Structure Generic Content
eBook ReadereBook Reader
epub Zip Fileepub Zip File
book services
EPUB 3 and SCORM
SCORM EPUB 3
Architecture Glue parts together Intrinsic whole
Control Server Mobile platform
Content format Out of scope HTML5
Player Out of scope eBook Reader
User Experience Out of scope W3C CSS
Sustainability Not Sustainable Sustainable
Accessibility Out of scope Central focus
IEEE Actionable Data Book
R&D Project Sponsored by IEEE LTSC
EPUB 3 as mobile learning delivery platform
Carry forward SCORM concepts as appropriate
Assume cloud (xAPI), device, Internet of Things communication
2013 Feasibility Study
2014-15 Build something
EPUB 3 for Learning Delivery ?
At first – way outside the box …
Rapid change during past year
10/2013 IDPF EDUPUB Alliance– Collaboration with IMS GLC, W3C, Publishers
– Producing education sector EPUB 3 profile
– Addressing reuse, analytics, accessibility, etc.
IBM EPUB 3 adoption
2013 - xAPI in EPUB
eBook ReadereBook Reader xAPI – cloud data
EPUB 3 eBook•HTML•CSS•JavaScript
• xAPI Library Guess what? It just works ….
If the reader allows communication
2013 – Mapping SCORM to EPUB 3
HTML5
HTML5
Generic Structure Generic Content
epub Zip Fileepub Zip File
device capabilities
eBook ReadereBook Reader xAPI – cloud data
Activity
eBooks and APPs
Common PlayerCommon Player
• Two different communities
• Move past the “book” thing
• Move past the “app” thing
• Complimentary technologies
• Something new and better ?
Common APICommon API
Common ContentCommon Content
Mobile PlatformMobile Platform
Flexible Delivery Options
ActivityActivity
Common PlayerCommon Player
APP
+Page
sPage
s
“eTextbook” “HTML5 SCORM”
ActivitiesActivities ActivitiesActivities
eBook
Pages
Pages
2014 – ADL xAPI Design Cohort
Collaborating with imbuElearning
K12 learning-to-read use case
Defining an xAPI vocabulary for eBooks
Exploring xAPI generality– Accessibility and user preferences
– Annotations
beforebefore
afterafter
Activity Set (eBook)
Activity + (page set)
beforebefore
afterafter
Location + (page)
beforebefore
afterafter
xAPI
xAPI
xAPI
xAPI
xAPI
xAPI
xAPIduringduring duringduring duringduring
2014 – Define Activity Model
EPUB 3 Page Overlay
2014 – Towards an Activity Player
Support EPUB 3-based Activity Model + xAPI
Exploring EPUB 3 readers
Exploring Phonegap as HTML5 mobile technology
Exploring support for low energy Bluetooh
Very interested in OMLET (JKO Mobile) technology
Looks like an integration problem
EPUB 3 Prototypes / Demos
‣ EPUB 3 + xAPI: iBooks, Readium, EPUB.js, Calibre
‣ Additional areas to investigate:
‣ Client / reader xAPI implementation
‣ Synchronize bookmarks using xAPI across platforms & readers
‣ Accessibility
‣ Annotations + EPUB testing in more readers
EPUB 3 +Annotator + xAPI
30
Open Annotation (JSON-LD)
31
An xAPI Statement Properties
Id
Actor
Object
Verb
Result
Context
Timestamp
Attachments
DEMO
DEMO
If interested in this work …
IEEE ADB an open collaboration
Weekly virtual meetings (9am Friday US Eastern)
Compliments IEEE LTSC xAPI Study Group
Contact [email protected]
Q&A
