ECOSYSTEM

ECOSYSTEM

PRESENTED BY:

1. Berlian Nur

2. Lia Sari

3. Rahma Arianti / 1005015029

4. Rosyadi Akhyar

5. Siti Winarti

WHAT IS A POPULATION?A population is one species living in a specific area.

For example, all foxes living in an area form a population.

Another example, all dandelions growing in an area form another population.

WHAT IS A COMMUNITY?A community is formed from all living populations found in an area.

All the foxes, dandelions, grasshoppers, snakes, hawks, deer, and skunks living in one area each form their individual populations, but together make up a community.

WHAT IS A ECOSYSTEM?

An ecosystem is formed by the interactions between all living and non-living things.

Ecosystem composed of biotic and abiotic components.

The living parts of an ecosystem.

They include animals, plants,

fungus, protists, and bacteria.

Biotic Components

The nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

They include water, minerals, sunlight, air, climate, and soil.

Abiotic Componen

ts

TROPHIC LEVELS A trophic level is the position occupied by an

organism in a food chain. Trophic levels can be analyzed on an energy

pyramid. Producers are found at the base of the

pyramid and compromise the first trophic level.

Primary consumers make up the second trophic level.

Secondary consumers make up the third trophic level.

Finally tertiary consumers make up the top trophic level.

Modified from: General Ecology, by David T. Krome

Trophic level: All the organisms that are the same number of food-chain steps from the primary source of energy

TROPHIC LEVELS FOUND ON AN ENERGY PYRAMID

The greatest amount of energy is found at the base of the pyramid.

The least amount of energy is found at top of the pyramid.

Source: corpuschristiisd.org/user_files/91702/Ecosystem.ppt

FOOD CHAINSThe producers, consumers, and

decomposers of each ecosystem

make up a food chain.

There are many food chains in an

ecosystem.

Food chains show where energy is

transferred and not who eats who.

EXAMPLE OF A FOOD CHAIN

FOOD WEBS

All the food chains in an area make up the food web of the area.

What causes ecosystems to change?

Changes caused by humans:

Water pollution

Air pollution

Land pollution

Construction

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5. Illegal Logging

How can humans help to prevent changes in ecosystems?

Use resources wisely

Laws that control pollution

Clean up litter

Keep rivers and lakes clean

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