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people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
Community Based Fish Culture in Seasonal Floodplains in
Bangladesh
Benoy Kumar Barman, Fazlur Rahman and Mahfuzul Haque
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
Floodplains in Bangladesh
Bangladesh Area: 143000 km2, Popn 160 mInland water: 4.58 m ha (Open water 4.05 m ha – 88% and closed water 0.53 m ha -12%)Floodplain: 2.8 million ha 62% of inland water
Livelihoods of 1.28 m people depends largely fishing in floodplains resources
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
Hold water 4-6 months during monsoon
normally use as CPR
Lands use for rice cultivation in dry months by individual land owners
Seasonal floodplains
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o Leased to fishers – taken up by influential, use for fish culture with increase production and income but limiting access and benefits of the poor - fishers and other users
o Not leased - encroachment and land grabbing by private land owners
o Some leased to fishers - managing under CBFM program
Public floodplains
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Private floodplains• CPR in monsoon – over exploitation, very low prod • Fish culture by individual owner/s, companies use as large close systems - increase fish production and income but there is risk of loss of access by poor, adversely affect on biodiversity of natural fisheries
Institution o Weak institution with poor governanceo Problem in Leadership, less transparent to members o Less active participation of memberso Poor linkages with support providerso Due to weak institution some cases public floodplains leased to fishers group are taken up by influential people
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
o CP35 project of CPWF (Phase 1) implemented in Bangladesh, China, Vietnam, Cambodia and Mali from 2005-2010 o Bangladesh – the major focus was on fish culture in seasonal floodplains using community based approacho Objective/Purpose: To develop appropriate technical and institutional options of use of floodplains to increase water productivity, income and benefits of the poor in a sustainable way.
o Partners: WorldFish (lead), BARC, DoF, BFRI and Universities (Bangladesh and abroad)
Community Based Fish Culture (CBFC) in seasonal floodplains
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
*
Rajshahi
Rangpur
Mymensingh
Floodplain Area (ha)
Ownership
Beel Mail
40 Public-private
Chandpur Beel
50 Public-private
Kalmina Beel
33 Private
Andula Beel
16 Private
Angrar Beel
31 Private
Painglar Beel
20 Private
CBFC in seasonal floodplains – study areas
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
Activities
o Selected suitable floodplains and communities with willingness to participate o Formed FMC based on new or existing society and do regular meeting with them o Constructed simple water control structure in inlets/outlets o Set large meshed bamboo fence in inlet/outlet o Stocked large size fingerlings of suitable species
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Activities
o Mobile guarding o Regulate use of gearso Partial harvestingo Exchange visitso Awareness meeting o Monitoring and data collectiono Events for distribution of benefits
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
• Fish production increased to 691 kg.ha-1 (baseline 282 kg.ha-1)
• Gross income increased to US$ 470.ha-1 (baseline US$ 192.ha-1)
• Net income increased from US$ 55.6 to 277.8.ha-1
• Rice production from increased from 6.25 t.ha-1 to7.24 t.ha-1 related to improve water management and increase in soil fertility
Outputs
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
CBFC – Institutional outcomes
Ensure access and rights over floodplains and benefits of the poor – fishers, landless non-fishers
Establish good governance - leadership and facilitation support,develop/strengthen local level institutions (fishers’ society, FMC)
Select leaders in democratic way with having voice of the poor
Select good leader - transparency in investment and equity in distribution of benefits
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
CBFC – institutional outcomes
Build up strong linkages with support providers
Execute regulation in use of destructive gears, control illegal entrance of outsiders
Develop effective fish harvest and market strategy
Develop strategy for distribution of income among members keeping necessary capital for re-investment
Encourage members to take part in nursing of fingerlings for supply to get benefit
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CBFC – technological outcomes
Retaining more water with simple water control structures in inlets/outlets useful for both fish and supplementary irrigation of rice
Stocking large size fingerlings and setting of large meshed bamboo fences in inlets/outlets
Rear fingerling by members establishing own nurseries and transport by using local devices
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
• Multiple benefits – increase production of stocked and small non-stocked wild fish, income, employment and nutrition by increased fish consumption
• Landless non-fishers catch non-stocked small fish using local gears throughout the season
• Fishers get 50% of non-stocked small fish 10-20% stocked fish for fishing
CBFC – multiple benefits
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners
Dhaka
CPWF RIU – Adaptive scaling out (Jan 2012- April 2014)
10 representative areas:5 for CBFC5 for IFM
Each of these areas: one focus CBO/
enterprise for adapting good practices
5-10 other CBOs/ enterprises for learning
CBFC
IFM
people Ÿ science Ÿ environment Ÿ partners