AALTERNATIVE FUELSLTERNATIVE FUELS

AAlternative fuels are  materials lternative fuels are  materials oror substances whichsubstances which can be used as fuels replacing petroleumcan be used as fuels replacing petroleum

EEXAMPLESXAMPLES 1.Biomass1.Biomass 2.Natural gas2.Natural gas 3.Electricity3.Electricity

BIOMASSBIOMASS Biomass is the total mass of living things like Biomass is the total mass of living things like

plants, trees and animals in a given area that can plants, trees and animals in a given area that can be transformed into electricity or fuel. be transformed into electricity or fuel. 

TTIPES OF IPES OF BBIOMASSIOMASS MonomericMonomeric HemicelluloseHemicellulose

EEXAMPLES BIOMASSXAMPLES BIOMASS BioethanolBioethanol MethanolMethanol BiodieselBiodiesel

EETHANOLTHANOL Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid with a Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid with a

characteristic, agreeable odor. It is also characteristic, agreeable odor. It is also called ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol.called ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol.

BBIOMASS CONVERTED TO IOMASS CONVERTED TO ETHANOLETHANOL

Biomass is converted to ethanol in 4 Biomass is converted to ethanol in 4 steps.steps.

1. Photosynthesis. Atmospheric carbon is converted into organic carbon.

2. 2. Biomass is harvested.Biomass is harvested. 3. Biomass 3. Biomass is fermented. is fermented. 4.The ethanol is processed to produce 4.The ethanol is processed to produce

usable ethanol and by productsusable ethanol and by products..

MMETHANOLETHANOL Methanol is also an alcohol fuel. It usually is Methanol is also an alcohol fuel. It usually is

made from natural gas or coal, but can also made from natural gas or coal, but can also be made from biomass.be made from biomass.

BBIODIESELIODIESEL Biodiesel fuel is an ester, like vinegar. It is Biodiesel fuel is an ester, like vinegar. It is

made from vegetable oils, animal fats, algae, made from vegetable oils, animal fats, algae, and leftover cooking grease. and leftover cooking grease.

BBIOENERGYIOENERGY Bioenergy is just another word for biomass Bioenergy is just another word for biomass

energy. Biomass can be converted into energy. Biomass can be converted into bioenergybioenergy