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Case Study: Fraport AG How to Cut the Gordian Knot?
Philipp Kriegbaum
Vice President, Security and Quality Management Fraport AG
How to Cut the Gordian Knot?
Airport Security Conference Prague, 17 and 18 September 2013
Philipp Kriegbaum Fraport AG
Table of Contents
Chart 3
•Risk-based security: Who dares?
•World-wide activities striving for a paradigm shift
•What are the airports doing?
Risk-based, Traveller-friendly and EfficientSecurity - Can it be
Achieved?
Chart 4
• Gordian Knot: a metaphor for an intractable problem (disentangling an "impossible" knot)
• Solved easily by cheating or "thinking outside the box" ("cutting the Gordian knot").
Security Risk Assessment to be Conducted by National Authorities
Chart 5
3.1.3 Each Contracting State shall keep
under constant review the level of threat
to civil aviation within its territory, and
establish and implement policies and
procedures to adjust relevant elements of
its national civil aviation security
programme accordingly, based upon a
security risk assessment carried out by
the relevant national authorities.
Note.— Guidance material regarding
threat assessment and risk management
methodologies can be found in the
Aviation Security Manual (Doc 8973 — Restricted).
How Much Security Does it Take to Outweigh Risk?
Chart 6
risk security
measures
the more security measures the better
How Much Security Does it Take to Outweigh Risk?
Chart 7
risk security
measures
the more security measures the better
less measures with proper
implementation
1977 1988 2001 2001 2006 2009 2010 2012 2014 ??
increased screening of cargo
screening of airport supplies
screening of cargo
increased body search – implementation of body scanners
restrictions on liquids, aerosols and gels (LAGs) in hand luggage
shoe screening - additional requirements for US-bound passengers (e.g. API)
separation of passengers – laptops out – staff screening - increased training requirements
100 % screening of hold baggage (beginning 1988, fully implemented 2003)
screening of passengers and hand luggage – baggage reconciliation - additional measures for high risk flights
Since the 1970ies: Dramatic Increase of Security Requirements - With no Layer Ever Removed
Terrorists are a Minority in the Community of Passengers
Chart 9
Terrorists
Travellers
Passengers
Security Resources are Distributed Evenly on All Passengers
Chart 10
Terrorists
Travellers Security
Resources
Risk-based Allocation of Resources
Chart 11
Terrorists
Security Resources
Security Resources
Passengers
Terrorists
Major Challenge: Data and Tracking Passengers
Chart 12
Study on Differentiation of Passenger and Risk Groups for European Commission DG MOVE Av Sec Unit Draft Leigh Fisher, 11 July 2013
Table of Contents
Chart 13
•Risk-based security: Who dares?
•World-wide activities striving for a paradigm shift
•What are the airports doing?
World Wide Efforts for Risk-Based Security
Chart 14
Agency Initiative
ACIE / AEA better SECURITY
ACI WORLD Next Generation Screening Task Force
European Commission Smarter aviation security for the EU
UK DfT Outcome-based Security
IATA Checkpoint of the Future
ICAO Next Genereation Screening TAG
TSA TSA Pre✓™
Table of Contents
Chart 15
•Risk-based security: Who dares?
•World-wide activities striving for a paradigm shift
•What are the airports doing?
Risk Based Security Trials - Source ACIE
Information Differentiation Random Selection/ Unpredictability
Behaviour Detection
Screening Point
Copenhagen Staff screening (EDD)
Remote screening
Zürich Staff screening Use of BDO
ADP BDO Use of BDO
Schiphol Unpredictability screening technology
Unpredictability screening technology
Frankfurt Staff screening
Swedavia Advanced pax checkpoint
Advanced pax checkpoint
Advanced pax checkpoint
Advanced pax checkpoint
Helsinki Staff screening
Brussels Remote screening
Heathrow Identity Authentification
Enhanced Detection
Geneva Identity Authentification
Cutting the Gordian Knot
Thank you for your attention!