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Creating “free” web services will require more than just making web services using AGPL licensed software. We’ll need trusted providers, protections around how data can be used and all the social aspects that the current web services have. We now have several free and open web services. Come hear what people are doing to define and create “free” web services.
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Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20101
OSCON 2010
Presented by Mark R. Hinkle
VP of Community
www.zenoss.org
Twitter: @mrhinkle
Three Considerations to Prevent Cloud Lock-in
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20102
FLOSS Freedoms Prevent Software Lock-In
1. The freedom to run the program for any purpose.
2. The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.
3. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor.
4. The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements (and modified versions in general) to the public, so that the whole community benefits.
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20103
Organizations Dedicated to Ensuring Software Freedom and Standards
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20104
FLOSS Freedoms Don’t Exactly Translate to Clouds
In the cloud you need the following freedoms to prevent lock-in
1.Freedom to move from Platform to Platform
2.Access to your Data
3.Tools that that work for all clouds or are extensible to support new platforms
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20105
Don’t Sacrifice Freedom for Convenience
XKCD - http://xkcd.com/743/
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Organizations Dedicated to Cloud Freedoms
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20107
Platform Lock-In
•No globally recognized standard for virtual machines.• Machine images can’t migrate seamlessly from VMware to
Xen or from Amazon to Rackspace or other cloud providers
•Open Virtualization Format – Sounds good but not yet standard, or standardized upon• Supported by VMware, Citrix Xen, Oracle Virtual Box, • Filesystem emulation varies by hypervisor and OVF doesn’t
seem to require consistent filesystem emulation specs• Ancillary services may or may not exist on other platforms
(e.g. Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) or Google AppEngine (BigTable)
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20108
Data Lock-In
Basic Rights Cloud Users Should Consider/Demand• No vendor should claim ownership of the data• Vendors always shall provide at a minimum an API (most
often storage is via traditional block and file interfaces such as iSCSI or NFS)
• Customers own their data, and the security/privacy of data
Ideally, there would be a standard for a data store format or at least an accepted Infrastructure-as-a-Surface (IaaS) API that all vendors support.
Paraphrased from The ‘Cloud Computing” Bill of Rights’ 2010 EditionBy James Urquharthttp://news.cnet.com/8301-19413_3-20006756-240.html
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 20109
Tools Lock-In
User Tools must provision, configure and monitor all types of cloud infrastructure or at least be extensible to adapt to your cloud infrastructure:
• If management interfaces and APIs are different they can be the least obvious gotcha (e.g. Messages from Amazon SQS, don’t exist in RackSpace Cloud)• Can your build tools address different target
architectures? • Configuration management tools function seamlessly
across clouds• Are migrated cloud instances still accessible to
monitoring tools?
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 201010
State of the Union
•Nascent Industry, things move fast
• Lots of open APIs, but still no true cloud portability
• Lots of proposed standards, no standardization
•Make sure you understand what you are getting into when you choose a cloud provider
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 201011
Once You’re Locked In, Getting Out Can get Messy
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0OSCON 201012
Supplemental Reading
• DMTF Cloud Incubator | http://www.dmtf.org/about/cloud-incubator
• VMware OVF | http://vmware.mobi/appliances/getting-started/learn/ovf.html
• DMTF OVF Standard | http://www.dmtf.org/standards/published_documents/DSP0243_1.0.0.pdf
• Ars Technica | EMC's Atmos shutdown shows why cloud lock-in is still scary
• Zenoss Blog | Three Cloud Lock-in Considerations
• Storage Networking Industry Association | SNIA: Cloud Storage for Computing Whitepaper
• Infoworld | Why Open Source Vendors Won’t Prevent Cloud Lock-in
• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) | Cloud Computing
• Open Grid Forum
• Oasis Identity in the Clouds Technical Committee