ICRISAT Pigeonpea Seed Production and

Delivery Strategy in ESA & South Asia

(Objective 8.0) Annual Review & Planning Meeting, Bamako, Mali.

November 18, 2009

Project Locations

Country Regions/Districts NARS partners

Malawi Southern & central Malawi • Malawi Department of Agricultural Research Services • Chitedze Agricultural Research Station

Tanzania Babati, Karatu •  SARI, Arusha •  IARI, Ilonga •  Tanzania Agric Seed Agency

& Dept of Research and Training

India Maharashtra •  PDKV Akola •  KVK Washim •  KVK Durgapur

Andhra Pradesh •  ANGRAU •  Adarsh Rythu

Major Activities •  Improving availability of quality seed

• Designing, testing and implementing seed production programs

• Designing, testing and implementing seed marketing and diffusion systems

• Enhanced local capacity to produce deliver, store and market seed

• Enhanced local level awareness of available varieties

Major outputs

Methodologies used

Farmer preferred varieties

Participatory variety sel. (M/B trials)

Farmer friendly literature

Vernacular approach

Seed Production Seed village concept, contract farming

Policy briefs Information document Capacity building

Decentralized approach

Seed distribution Small packets

Pigeonpea seed supply systems

-own saved seed; -purchase; -gifts from family and friends; -farmer-to-farmer seed exchanges

State: Andhra Pradesh District No. of

villages Varieties No. of

Mother Trials

No. of Baby Trials

Ranga Reddy 10 Asha, PRG 158, Lakshmi

2 8

Mahboobnagar 10 Asha, PRG 158, Lakshmi

2 8

State: Maharashtra Akola 12 AKT 8811, Trombay

Tur, ICPH 2671* 3 9

Washim 12 AKT 8811, Trombay Tur, ICPH 2671*

3 9

* Yet to be released

Crop: Pigeonpea

FPVS- Asia

FPVS- ESA

Country PVS Farmers participated

Genotypes

Tanzania 49 1554 ICEAPs 00040, 00053, 00936, 00932

Malawi 48 1335 ICEAPs 00932, 00557*, 01514/15, 01167/11

* Under release process

FPVS Trials, India

Distribution of seed samples of farmer preferred varieties

Crop State FPV No. of samples

distributed

Sample size (kg)

PP A.P. Asha, PRG 158, Maruti and Lakshmi

1057 0.5 – 1.0

Maharashtra BSMR 736, AKT 8811, Asha and Trombay Tur

352 1.0

Total 1409

Seed distributed under revolving seed scheme, Tanzania (2007-09)

District Amount in tons ICEAP 00053 ICEAP 00040

Karatu 0.5 1.4 Kondoa 0.5 1.5 Babati 1.8 1.7 Arumeru 1.0 1.0 Hai 0.04 0.05 Simanjiro 0.04 0.05 Total 3.88 5.7

Public awareness activities in India

Crop State Medium Content Date / Period PP A.P. TV

(4 times) Package of practices for red gram and new improved varieties suitable for A.P.

Oct 2008 – Jul 2009

Print (4 times)

Management practices for late sown pigeonpea, control of pod borer and sterility mosaic

Dec 2008 – Aug 2009

Maharashtra Print (9 times)

Improved varieties of pigeonpea and their production practices

Sep 2008 – Sept 2009

Mass communication Malawi : field day events covered on Malawi

television, Malawi Broadcasting Cooperation, Zodiac Broadcasting Station and The Nation Newspaper

Tanzania :Television, radio broadcasts, and newspaper articles about new varieties

About 950 people visited SARI and saw the p/peas planted on-station

Breeder Seed Infrastructure  250-ton storage godown constructed

 Two bore well pumps repaired and boundary wall constructed

  Submersible pump installed

 853 meter long PVC pipeline laid

 Barbed wire fencing

Seed Production in Asia University/ Research

Station

Variety name District

Partner (farmers, on-station, others)

Area (Ha) Amount of seed produced (tonne)

Total (t) BS FS CS TL

ICRISAT

Asha ICRISAT On-station 0.24 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 Maruti ICRISAT On-station 0.20 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.31 ICPH 2671 ICRISAT On-station 0.72 0.28 0.74 0.00 0.00 1.02 ICPH 2438 ICRISAT On-station 0.41 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 Subtotal 1.57 1.27 0.74 0.00 0.00 2.01

PDKV

C 11 Akola On-station 1.00 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.27 Asha Akola On-station 4.00 0.00 Vitiated 0.00 0.00 0.00 Maruti Akola On-farm 1.20 0.00 1.37 0.00 0.00 1.37 PKV Trombay Tur Akola On-station 2.00 0.00 1.80 0.00 0.00 1.80 Maruti Akola On-station 2.33 0.00 0.00 2.70 0.00 2.70 BSMR 736 Akola On-station 1.20 0.00 0.00 1.10 0.00 1.10 BSMR 853 Akola On-station 1.40 0.00 0.00 2.70 0.00 2.70 BSMR 736 Akola On-farm 17.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.70 5.70 Maruti Akola On-farm 26.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.54 9.54 Maruti Washim On-farm 36.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.18 25.18 Subtotal 92.33 0.00 3.44 6.50 40.42 50.36

ANGRAU

Asha Ranga Reddy On-station 2.00 0.00 2.50 0.00 0.00 2.50 Asha Mahabubnagar On-farm 2.00 0.00 2.50 0.00 0.00 2.50 Asha Ranga Reddy On-farm 12.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.10 10.10 PRG 158 Mahabubnagar On-station 3.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 PRG 158 Ranga Reddy On-farm 8.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.20 5.20 Subtotal 28.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 15.30 23.30 Grand Total 121.90 1.27 12.18 6.50 55.72 75.67

Pigeonpea seed produced in ESA

•  Breeder Seed : 6.0 tons

•  Foundation Seed(2007-08) : 31 tons by contract growers in Malawi and Tanzania(ICEAPs 00040, 00053 and ICP 9145)

•  Foundation seed(2008/09) : Expected production >30 tons from 34.5 ha in Malawi and Tanzania

ICEAP 00040 seed production by Zenobia Seed Company

Policy Briefs

1. pigeonpea-cotton intercrop.

2. Reduction of minimum area to be planted for seed certification.

3. Certification fee.

Training in seed production technology

Crop State District No. of Trainings

No. of participants Men Women Total

PP A.P. Ranga Reddy 5 740 192 832 Mahboobangar 1 90 30 120 Total 6 830 222 952

Maharashtra Akola 10 448 22 470 Washim 5 327 8 335 Total 15 775 30 805

Training •  Tanzania: trainings organized on pigeonpea agronomy to 8

farmer groups involved in seed production

•  Malawi : 25 Farmer’s field days were conducted in Central and Southern Malawi generated greater awareness on quality seed

Awareness at NANENANE Agricultural show, August 2009

Formal and Informal Linkages

1.  PDKV Akola –MSSCL and KVKs at Karda and Durgapura

2.  ANGRAU Hyderabad- APSSDC and Adarsh Rythu

3.  Village level seed production societies

Information Bulletins- Asia 1. Tur Lagwad Aani Bijotpadan

Tantragyan (Pigeonpea cultivation and seed production technology).

2. Tur Lagwad Tantragyan (Pigeonpea cultivation technology).

3. Kandi Eittanotpattialo Melakuvalu (Pigeonpea seed production technology).

4. Kandi Panta Yajamanya Paddatiulu (Package of practices for pigeonpea).

5. Kandi Samagra Sasyarakshna (IPM technology in pigeonpea).

Farmer Friendly Literature-ESA Malawi • Manual for pigeonpea production in

English & Chichewa published

Tanzania • A draft information bulletin in Kiswahili is

in progress.

•  Flyers describing pigeonpea printed in Chichewa and Swahili and distributed to farmers in project sites (>5,000 flyers)

Constraints Faced

1. Insect-aided natural out-crossing/isolation

2. Photo/thermo sensitivity 3. Early season drought,

WL 4. Seed used as grain

Major lessons learnt

•  Importance of informal seed system. •  Seed production under assured growing conditions •  Simplification of certification requirements •  Knowledge empowerment of (female) farmers •  efficient linkages between formal and informal seed

systems are critical success factors. •  Pace of pigeonpea seed dissemination in ESA limited by

limited availability of trained, research and seed technicians

•  Registered societies can play a key role in maintaining seed quality standard (especially for TL seeds)

•  Training in seed production techniques should be imparted in the field to impart first hand exposure.

Vision for Phase II  Hybrid Seed Production

 Maintenance breeding (cliesto trait)

 Seed Village concept

 Emphasis on informal seed system

 Strengthening linkages between researchers, seed producers, agro dealers, private large-scale entrepreneurs

 Expanded to new potential countries like Kenya and Mozambique