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Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission
Ministry of New and Renewable EnergyGovernment of India
Electronics Manufacturing ConclaveNew Delhi
16th January 2013
1
Indian Power Sector (30-11-2012)
Thermal1,40,976 MW
Hydro 39,324 MW
Nuclear 4,780 MW
Renewable 25,856 MW
2
Renewable Power Capacity
Wind17,353 MW
Small Hydro 3,396 MW
Solar1,176 MW
Biomass 3,225 MW
3
India’s Energy Challenge
In next 12 years India’s electricity requirement
to grow 2.5 times
Climate Change is also an important
issue
India is dependent on oil imports for 80% of
its demand
400 Million people still
without access to electricity
Electricity shortage
estimated at 25-35 GW
4
Answer is Renewable Energy. Why?
Renewable energy resources are being replaced / generated at the same rate that they are being utilised. Hence, these will last indefinitely .
Resources are indigenous – contribute to energy securityGood for the environment both locally and globally – clean
energy Increase modern energy access to rural, isolated and low
income populationsCan be utilized in decentralized, distributed manner and meet
these needsCreates employment and incomeLow gestation period
5
Wind, Solar, Biomass, Hydro
Green Buildings/ campus, Solar water heaters, Solar Cooking units, Rooftop solar, Kitchen waste
Off grid technologies like
Solar water pumps and
lighting, biomass gasifiers, Biogas plants, efficient
cook stove
Biofuels and battery operated
vehicles(in future)
RE in Different Sectors of Indian EconomySolar water heaters, Solar PV,
Process heat, Green buildings, Co-generation
6
Plan-wise Renewable Capacity Addition
7
8
Renewable Power Growth
Start of 10th Plan
(MW)
Start of 11th Plan
(MW)
Target 11th Plan
(MW)
11th plan Achvmnt.
till 31.08.11
(MW)
Cumulative Achvmnt.
up to 31.8.11(MW)
Wind power
1,628 7,092 9,000 7,897 14,989
Small Hydro
1,434 1,976 1,400 1,178 3,154
Bio power*
389 1,184 1,780 1,752 2,936
Solar 2 3 50** 43 46
Total 3,452 10,255 12,230 10,870 21,125
*Biomass (agri wastes/ residues) + Bagasse Cogen.+ Urban/industrial wastes** Up-scaled to 1100 MW by March 2013 under NSM.
8
Summary of Projections for 2022 Installed Capacities in MW (Cumulative)
Source Estimated Potential
MWeq.
Achievementsas on 31.08.11
Aim for2012
Aim for2017
Aim for2022
Wind power 49,000 14,989
16,300
31,000
46,000
Small Hydro 15,000 3,154 3,390
5,500
8,000
Biomass Power
16,000 1,084
1,125
1,500
2,500
Bagasse Cogeneration
5,000 1,779
1,866
3,200
4,000
Waste to Power
2,700 74
104
300
800
Solar Power > 1,00,000 46
235 10,000 20,000
TOTAL > 1,87,200 21,126 23,020 55,500 81,300 9
10
Estimated Contribution to Electricity Mix
Source Achievementsas on 31.08.11
Aim for
2012
Aim for
2017
Aimfor
2022
Renewable Power - MW- BU/annum
21,125 48
23,000 51
55,500 96
81,300 166
Conventional Power - MW -BU/annum @75% PLF
1,60,195
1052
1,78,000
1170
2,63,000
1728
3,63,000
2385
Total 1,81,320 1100
2,01,0001221
3,08,500 1824
4,44,300 2551
Contribution to- Installed capacity: Electricity Mix:
11.65%
4.36 %
11.44% 4.18%
14.75% 5.26%
18.30% 6.51%
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)
• One of the eight Missions under National Action Plan on Climate Change
• Launched by the Government of India in January 2010.• JNNSM is one of the major global initiatives in promotion of
solar energy technologies.• Mission aims to achieve grid tariff parity by 2022 through
Large-scale utilization, rapid diffusion and deployment at a scale which leads to cost reduction
R&D, Pilot Projects and Technology Demonstration Local manufacturing and support infrastructure
11
Mission Road Map
Application Segment Target for Phase I
(2010-13)
Cumulative Target for
Phase 2 (2013-17)
Cumulative Target for Phase 3
(2017-22)
Grid solar power (large plants, roof top & distribution grid plants)
1,100 MW 10,000 MW 20,000 MW
Off-grid solar applications
200 MW 1,000 MW 2,000 MW
Solar Thermal Collectors (SWHs, solar cooking/cooling, Industrial process heat applications etc.)
7 million sq. meters
15 million sq. meters
20 million sq meters
Solar Lighting System 5 million 10 million 20 million
12
Regulatory measures- RPO/REC
Supporting grid connected projects to bring
volumes and reduce prices
Finacial support for off-grid
Support R&D in India
Encourage manufacturing
HR development
Policy and Regulatory Support
13
JNNSM: Phase-I, Batch-I
Scheme Projects
allotted
Projects
Commissioned
Minm / Maxm/
Weighted Avg.
bid tariff
%
Reduction
in tariff
No. MW No. MW
Large PV projects
through NVVN
30 150 26 130 10.95/12.76/12.16
Rs. / Unit
32 %
2 Projects Cancelled
Migration
Scheme
SPV 13 54 11 48 CERC applicable
tariffST 3 30 1 2.5
RPSSGP Scheme
(PV)
78 98.05 69 88.80 CERC linked tariff
Solar Thermal
projects through
NVVN
7 470 Scheduled for
commissioning
by May 2013
10.49/12.24/11.48
Rs. / Unit
25 %
14
JNNSM : Phase-I, Batch-II
Scheme Projects
allotted
Projects
Commissioned
Minimum
bid tariff
Maximum
bid tariff
Weighted
Average
bid tariff
%
Reduction
in tariffNo. MW No. MW
Large PV
projects
through
NVVN
28 350 Scheduled for
commissioning
by Feb. 2013
7.49
Rs. / Unit
9.44
Rs. / Unit
8.77
Rs. / Unit
43 %
Three Projects totaling 20 MW have been commissioned in December, 2012.
15
State/UT MW State/UT MW
Andhra Pradesh 21.75 Punjab 9.325
Arunachal Pradesh 0.025 Kerala 0.025
Chhattisgarh 4.0 Rajasthan 200.15
Gujarat 824.09 Tamil Nadu 16.05
Haryana 7.8 Uttar Pradesh 12.375
Jharkhand 16.0 Uttarakhand 5.05
Karnataka 14.0 West Bengal 2.05
Madhya Pradesh 7.35 Andaman & Nicobar 0.1
Maharashtra 20.0 Delhi 2.5255
Odisha 12.0 Lakshadweep 0.75
Puducherry 0.025 Others 0.81
TOTAL 1176.2505
State-wise Capacity
16
State Initiatives
S. No State Solar Specific Programme
1. Gujarat Announced – 968.5 MWCommissioned – 824.09 MW
2. Maharashtra Commissioned – 40 MW (Setup in Rajasthan under RPO)Under installation: 150 MW at Sakri/ Dhule
3. Karnataka Commissioned – 8 MW , Approved plan for 200 MWBids invited/allotted– 70 MW, Min. tariff – Rs. 7.94/unit Bids to be invited-130 MW
4. Rajasthan Tendered – 200 MW
5. Odisha Announced -50 MW Awarded – 25 MW, Minimum tariff – Rs. 7/unit
6. Madhya Pradesh
Awarded– 200 MWMinimum tariff – Rs. 7.90/unit
7. Tamil Nadu Announced – 3000 MW Tendered-1000 MW
8. Andhra Pd. Tendered -1000 MW17
Year Target (MW) Projects Sanctioned (MW)
2010-11 32 40.60
2011-12 68 77.471
2012-13 100 55.00
Physical Targets and Achievements (Ph-I)
Solar Thermal:
6.17 million sq. meter of solar thermal collector area installed so far (cumulative) against target of 7.0 million sq. meter
Off Grid SPV :
18
Scheme for Off-Grid SPV Systems
• Under Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) Ministry is providing Central Finance Assistance (Subsidy) of– 90% of the project cost limited to Rs 243/Wp for
Central and State Government Ministries, Departments and their organizations, State Nodal Agencies and Local bodies for North Eastern States and Sikkim .
– 30% of the project cost limited to Rs. 81/Wp for other States including individuals, NGOs, industry, commercial organizations, etc.
– Limited to a capacity of 1kWp for individual and 100 kWp for commercial / Non-Commercial entities.
19
Manufacturing
Objectives under JNNSM: To take a global leadership role in solar manufacturing 4-5 GW equivalent of installed capacity by 2022 Setting up of dedicated manufacturing capacity for poly silicon
material to annually make about 2 GW capacity of solar cells Manufacturing capacity of solar cells and solar modules
increased from 200 MW and 650 MW in 2009 to approx. 1000 MW and approx. 1950 MW respectively.
There is no customs & Excise duty on cells and modules; recently, custom duty is also waived on some of the raw materials required to manufacture cells and modules.
20
Programme Solar PV Solar ThermalSolar Grid connected power projects – Batch 1
Crystalline silicon technology - to use the modules manufactured in IndiaThin film and CPV technology – allowed to be imported
30% of the total project cost to be indigenous
Solar Grid connected power projects – Batch 2
Crystalline silicon technology - to use the cells and modules manufactured in IndiaThin film and CPV technology – allowed to be imported
NA
Roof top and small Projects (up to 2 MW)
Crystalline silicon technology - to use the modules manufactured in IndiaThin film and CPV technology – allowed to be imported
Off Grid Use of modules manufactured in India.
Domestic Content Requirement – Phase-I of JNNSM
21
Manufacturing capacity of Solar Cells and Modules in India
2012 Numbers Existing MW Capacity Companies Cells Module
Access Solar 18Ajit Solar 20Alpex 35Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) 8 8CEL 10EMMVEE Solar 120Euro Multivision Ltd. 40 Evergreen 20Enfield Solar 20Green Brilliance 45HHV 50Indosolar Ltd 360 Jupiter Solar 45 KL Solar 7 6Kotak Urja Pvt. Ltd. 15Lanco 75Maharishi Solar Technology 2.5 17
22
2012 Numbers Existing MW Capacity Companies Cells Module
Microsol 14Moser Baer 250 280Photon Energy Systems 50photonix 15PLG Power 100Premier Solar Systems (P) Ltd. 30Rajasthan Electronics & Instruments Ltd. 2 2Reliance Industries Ltd 30Shurjo 5Solar Semiconductor 30 195Surana Ventures 40TATA BP Solar 96 125Titan Energy 100TopSun Energy 5UPV Solar - Udhaya Energy Photovoltaics Pvt Ltd 12 7USL Photovoltaics PVT Ltd. 6 10Vikram Solar 100Waaree Energy 60Websol Energy System Limited 120 100XL Energy Ltd. 60 210 Total 1,038.50 1,937.00
23
Historical Module Price Trend: prices fall as the production increases
24
Source: PV Insights
PV Module Prices have fallen drastically in last 24 months
25
Market Price of Modules depends on the End-User Regions
Source: HIS-iSupply November 2012
Canada and Japan has highest module prices,China is lowest
September
October November Three-Month Forecast
EU $ 0.65 $ 0.63 $ 0.63 $ 0.60
US $ 0.71 $ 0.69 $ 0.68 $ 0.67
Canada $ 0.91 $ 0.96 $ 0.94 $ 0.92
China $ 0.59 $ 0.58 $ 0.57 $ 0.55
Japan $ 0.84 $ 0.82 $ 0.81 $ 0.80
ROW $ 0.67 $ 0.65 $ 0.64 $ 0.63
IHS Solar Figure: PV c-Si Module Worldwide Average Price by End-User Region (Pricing in US Dollar per
Watt)
Source: IHS Solar November 2012
26
87% of the global production is based on crystalline silicon
Global Production: Technology Mix
27
PV technologies deployed in the Indian Market vis-à-vis that globally
PV Installations-Globally
28
PV technologies deployed in the Indian Market vis-à-vis that globallyPV Installations-India
29
Ground Measurement of Solar Radiation
Andhra Pradesh 6
Gujarat 11
Haryana 1
Madhya Pradesh 3
Karnataka 5
Rajasthan 12
Chhattisgarh 1
Ladakh 1
Maharashtra 3
Pudducherry 1
Tamil Nadu 6
• C-WET is implementing the project for setting up 51 ground monitoring stations
• Centralized data collection, analysis and calibration of measuring sensors 30
Salient Features of Draft Policy (Ph-II)
• 10 GW utility scale solar power capacity (cumulative) by end of Phase-II (March 2017): 4 GW under central scheme and 6 GW under various State specific schemes.
• Continuation of scheme to support off-grid solar applications to reach 1000 MW aggregate capacity by 2017.
• Target of 15 million sq. m. solar collectors area (cumulative) by 2017.
31
Grid-connected :Target & Thrust Areas
Cumulative target: 10,000 MW (by March 2017)
-4,000 MW under Central schemes-6,000 MW under States initiatives
Thrust areas: Development of T&D network Developing cluster of Solar Parks to reduce costs Grid-connected Roof-top Achieving grid parity at the earliest
32
Grid-connected : Plan for Central Schemes
• Bundling Scheme: (500 MW, PV) Bundle relatively expensive solar power with power from the unallocated quota of Government of India (MoP).
Advantages: Successful implementation experience during Phase-I of JNNSM. Weighted average cost of bundled power is below Rs 5 per unit and
utilities are ready to by power at this rate. NVVN as the single off- taker of Solar power.
• Viability Gap Funding : The scheme provides financial support in form of Grants, one time or deferred, to infrastructure projects with a view to make commercially viable.
Bidder would bid for viability gap for funding in Rs. per MW and the bidder with minimum VGF requirement would be selected.
Cont...
33
Advantages:Procedural simplicityWith upfront availability of part of capital cost, cost of financing would be lower Disadvantage:With upfront payment of VGF, long term performance of the project could be an issue.VGF financing plan:25% at the time of delivery of at least 50% of the major equipment at site . This would be based on the cost of total procurement. 50% on successful commissioning of the full capacity of the plant.Balance 25% after one year of operation meeting requirements of generation as per guidelines. Target under VGF : Photovoltaic - 1500 MW Thermal - 500 MWLadakh - 250 MW
Total 2250 MWCont...
34
• Solar Parks (250 MW): Solar parks would include all required facilities for generation of power
at one location i.e. evacuation and transmission infrastructure, solar radiation monitoring station, water availability, access roads to the park, interior road in the park, telecommunication facility, fire station, Green belt, security, manufacturing facilities, testing and characterization
Following items of work will be supported: Detailed Project Report- Support up to 50% of the cost, limited to Rs. 5
crore per park is proposed. Setting up of Transmission Infrastructure- Support up to 40% of the
cost as per norms of National Clean Energy funds is proposed. Civil Infrastructure Development- Support up to 50% of the cost ,
limited to Rs. 10 crore per park is proposed. Technical Assistance- Support up to Rs. 1 crore per park is proposed. Solar Radiation Monitoring Station- If not installed, will be setup
through MNRE programme based on 100% support.
35
Off-Grid: Targets/Thrust Areas
Target : 800 MW
Thrust areas:
Energy Access: Rural areas in the country mainly lack in distribution infrastructure. The
utilities, not in good financial state, are not in a position to afford major fixed cost.
During Phase-II, it envisaged that around 20,000 villages/hamlets/basti/padas shall be covered through ‘Energy Access’ scheme by way of deployment of Off-Grid electricity generation projects.
Cont...36
Telecom Towers: India currently has more than 3.10 lakh telecom towers, 60% of their power
requirements are met by diesel generators which together consume about 2 billion liters of diesel fuels each year and result in 5.3 million tons of CO2 emission.
Phase-II of JNNSM targets around 25000 solar integrated telecom towers. Water Pumping: Solar PV water pumping systems are used for irrigation and drinking water
in India. Solar pumps are constituted by an array of solar panels and are developed to operate on DC power produced by solar panels.
Phase-II of JNNSM targets deployment of around 25000 solar pumps. Off-Grid lighting System: This will include solar lanterns, home lighting systems with batteries and
solar street lights . Phase-II of JNNSM targets deployment of around 10,00,000 Off-Grid lighting
systems.
Cont...37
Solar Water Heating Systems: In domestic category, hot water is typically required for bathing while
in industrial category it is used pre-heating process. Phase-II targets at least 115 to 20 cities where solar water heaters
would become the main source of heating water replacing electric geysers. Phase-II would target around 8 million Sq. Mt. of collector area.
Air Conditioning/Refrigeration: Huge amount of fuel oil is being used for cooling through Vapour
Absorption Machine in industries/establishments where power cuts/electricity tariff are.
38
Options Considered for Domestic Content Requirement During Phase-II
• Option-1: For all PV projects, cells and modules produced in India shall be used.
• Option-2: Price preference for domestic manufactured cells/modules.• Option-3: Percentage of domestic content in cost terms (say 50%) for both
PV and thermal technologies.• Option-4: Percentage of cells manufactured in India.• Option-5: some batches with 100% domestic content requirement.• Option-6: For thermal technologies material equivalent to 50% of supply
cost (excluding land, taxes, erection, financing, soft cost, etc) should be manufactured in India during Phase-II.
39
ISSUES
Enforcement of RPOs -Regulatory Measures-Amendment of Electricity Act
Strengthening of Transmission network for Renewables - Plan by PGCIL
Unallocated power for bundlingNCEF funds for VGF Import duty concessions for inputs Incentives for Manufacturing: M-SIPSFunding of Solar projects by Banks
40
1 MW PV Plant at Osamabad
41
1 MW SPV Plant at Hissar in Haryana
42
1 MW SPV (Crystalline Silicon) Power Plant at New Delhi (Solar RPO arrangement)
43
5 MWp SPV Plant at Khimsar, Rajasthan
44
SPV Power Plant at Goshen Drass Kargil (40 kWp)
45
Sun Edison -5 MW Plant at Bikaner, Kolayat, Rajasthan
46
Greentech Power -5 MW Plant at Jodhpur, Phalodi, Rajasthan
47
Amrit Energy -5 MW Plant at Jaiselmer, Pokaran, Rajasthan
48
Punj Lloyad -5 MW Plant at Jodhpur, Rajasthan
49
Solar Steam Generation System at ITC Hotel, New Delhi
50
SOLAR COOKERS
51
Community Solar Cooker for indoor Cooking (Scheffler)
Outside view (Top)
Inside view of kitchen (bottom)
52
Solar Water Heating Systems Salient Features
• A commercially viable technology
• Can provide hot water at 60-80oC. Integrated with storage tank & electrical back up.
• Saves electricity or furnace oil
• Pays back cost in 3 - 4 years.
• Suitable for homes, hotels, hospitals, hotels, guest houses, institutions, dairies, industry etc.
• Techno-economic potential: 40 million sq. m. of collector area i.e. 2 billion liters of hot water per day
FPC based system
ETC based system53
Domestic Solar Water Heaters
54
55
Solar Air Heating System, Rajasthan
Solar Air Heating System, Laddakh
56
Solar Lanterns
57
Solar Powered TV in a Village
Solar Light in a House in Tribal Village
58
59
Solar home lighting, TV and street lighting
systems
60
61
100 kW PV POWER PLANT AT KILTAN ISLAND, LAKSHADWEEP
63
64
