1.

• Cluster level agreement on Early Re covery

• Presented by

• Chris Wardle

• Humanitarian Programme Funding Coordinator Oxfam GB in Pakistan

• on behalf of

• The Pakistan Early Recovery Cluster Wo rking Gr oup

• at the Pakistan 201 0 Inter-Agency Humanitarian Appeal Process Workshop

• September 14-15, 2009 Marriott Hotel, Islamabad, Pakistan.

2. First, some context Forty percent of post-conflict recovery situations revert to conflict within a decade. Paul Collier, Professor of Economics, Oxford University. On 8 September 2009, Early Recovery was the least-supported sector in the Pakistan Humanitarian Response Plan, attracting a mere 3% of requested funding. Source: OCHA Pakistan Funding Report 9/9/09.

3. Areas of relevance:

• The Early Recovery Cluster overlaps with all cluster working groups, however it individually embraces five discrete areas:

• 1) Non-farm livelihoods;

• 2) Governance;

• 3) Basic community infrastructure;

• 4) Environment; and

• 5) Social cohesion.

4. Areas of relevance (ctd) :

• Each area will be presented in relation to:

• Cluster-specific case load target groups, issues and activities;

• Cross-cutting issues;

• The cluster-specific objective; and

• Indicators.

5. Whos who in our zoo? This presentation comes from a collaboration between: ACTED Heather Campbell CONCERN Dorothy Blane Gen Cap Deb Clifton HRDN Yasir Iqbal IOM Ammarah Mubarak JAC-ER/Pak NGOs Tahira Abdullah Oxfam Chris Wardle (Rapporteur) Paiman Trust Shafqat Mehmood UNDP Hidayat Khan (Chairperson) UNDP Maira Zahur UNDP Shaista Hussain UNDP Taimur Ahmad Shah UNORC Anwarul Haq WWF M. Ibrahim Khan

6. Common themes:

• Number of beneficiaries:

• Generally we accept the figures cited in OCHAs presentation yesterday, with the reservation that we feel they err on the side of being too conservative.

• Criteria for project selection:

• Will be dealt with in the next cluster meeting, as this issue has not yet been adequately discussed.

7. Common themes: (ctd)

• Data on beneficiary needs:

• In-house discussion was predicated on the needs identified in the draft CERINA report of September 2009. With reservations about jirgas (male-only dispute resolution mechanisms), community policing if it means lashkars (civilian militia), and masalehati anjumans (mediators), the working group endorse the issues detailed in the CERINA report.

8. 1) Non-farm livelihoods

• Cluster-specific case load target group:

• Who:

• The most vulnerable across the humanitarian spectrum

• Where:

• Malakand and other conflict-affected areas where accessible and host communities.

9. 1) Non-farm livelihoods: (ctd)

• What (the issues):

• Access to markets

• Lack of purchasing power

• Damage to manufacturing, handicraft and tourism sector

• Lack of skills

• Debt

• Extreme poverty, exacerbated by conflict and displacement.

10. 1) Non-farm livelihoods: (ctd)

• Activities:

• Inject cash and skills into the local economy through cash for work, cash grants, access to micro-credit and training.

11. 1) Non-farm livelihoods: (ctd)

• Cross-cutting issues:

• Maximise use of local resources human and material.

• Increase the number of female trainers and opportunities for women in skill training centres.

• Link training to cash grants and cash for work opportunities.

• Improve access to community-based micro-credit.

12. Cluster-specific objective for non-farm livelihoods:

• To restore non-farm livelihoods by promoting indigenous livelihood opportunities that reflect community-based, innovative, best practice.

13. Cluster-specific indicators for non-farm livelihoods:

• Indicators:

• Number of livelihoods restored for most vulnerable groups, especially women.

• Number of people trained and using employable skills, disaggregated by age and sex.

• Number of small businesses revitalised.

• Number of employment information centres revitalised.

14. 2) Governance:

• Cluster-specific case load target group:

• Who:

• Local governance structures

• Where:

• Malakand and other conflict-affected areas where accessible.

15. 2) Governance: (ctd)

• What (the issues):

• Lack of law enforcement and security especially for women

• Staff absences, e.g. female health workers, teachers, police men and women, etc.

• Infrastructure damage, e.g. girls schools, roads, bridges.

16. 2) Governance: (ctd)

• Activities:

• Enhancing capacity for disaster risk reduction

• Revitalisation of Police services with increased sensitivity to womens protection.

• Restoration of the judicial system and legal aid allied to strengthening of access to justice.

17. 2) Governance: (ctd)

• Activities: (ctd)

• Early recovery coordination

• Strengthening of local governance capacity

• Supporting community organisations for participatory early recovery particularly CBOs as the smallest unit of governance.

• Transitional infrastructure to revitalise government systems

18. 2) Governance: (ctd)

• Cross-cutting issues:

• The work of the Protection Cluster, ID cards especially lack of ID cards for women and duplicates for men and community services.

19. Cluster-specific objective for Governance:

• To restore public trust in governance systems and institutions in Malakand District and other conflict-affected areas.

20. Cluster-specific indicators for Governance:

• Indicators:

• Number of procedures for public safety and legal aid strengthened.

• Number of NADRA functions enhanced at the District level.

• Number of public offices restored and operationalised.

21. 3) Basic community infrastructure:

• Cluster-specific case load target group:

• Who:

• The most vulnerable across the humanitarian spectrum.

• Where:

• Malakand and other conflict-affected areas where accessible.

22. 3) Basic community infrastructure: (ctd)

• What (the issue):

• Damage to community infrastructure and basic services.

23. 3) Basic community infrastructure: (ctd)

• Activities:

• Rehabilitation of school, health units, village roads, irrigation channels, culverts, community-run water mills, water supply systems, and small-scale hydro-electric schemes.

• Removal of debris.

• Rehabilitation of womens vocational training centres and restoration of training programmes.

24. 3) Basic community infrastructure: (ctd)

• Cross-cutting issues:

• Link training to cash grants and cash for work opportunities.

25. Cluster-specific objective for basic community infrastructure:

• To restore basic community infrastructure, bringing them towards normalcy.

26. Cluster-specific indicators for basic community infrastructure:

• Indicators:

• Number of community infrastructure resources restored.

• Number of women and community organisations trained and managing community infrastructure resources.

27. 4) Environment

• Cluster-specific case load target group:

• Who:

• Humankind

• Where:

• Malakand and other conflict-affected areas where accessible and host communities.

28. 4) Environment: (ctd)

• What (the issues):

• Deforestation

• Water quality and supply

• Unexploded ordinance

• Damage to seedling nurseries

• Debris

29. 4) Environment: (ctd)

• Activities:

• Establishment of alternative energy sources.

• Sensitisation on environmental issues, especially for women as the principal collectors of fuel, fodder and water.

• Revitalise forest-based livelihoods.

• Clearing unexploded ordinance and debris.

• Rehabilitate seedling nurseries and slopes at risk of landslide.

30. 4) Environment: (ctd)

• Cross-cutting issues:

• Link activities to cash grants and cash for work opportunities.

31. Cluster-specific objective for the environment:

• To halt and reverse environmental degradation and reverse and restore the economic and ecological services of the natural resources of the Malakand Division and host communities.

32. Cluster-specific indicators for the environment:

• Indicators:

• Number of households provided with alternative energy sources.

• Number of CBOs and related public organisations capacitated to address environmental issues.

• Number of debris sites cleared and quantity of rubble recycled.

33. 5) Social cohesion:

• Cluster-specific case load target group:

• Who:

• Humankind

• Where:

• Malakand and other conflict-affected areas where accessible and host communities.

34. 5) Social cohesion: (ctd)

• What (the issues):

• Fear

• Mistrust

• Psychosocial trauma

• Lack of women-inclusive dispute resolution mechanisms and access to justice.

35. 5) Social cohesion: (ctd)

• Activities:

• Development of community FM radio and community centres for women and youth.

• Establishment of psycho-social trauma therapy and counselling support services.

• Establishment of women-inclusive dispute resolution mechanisms.

• Cross-cutting issues:

• Linking to the work of the Health and Protection Clusters.

36. Cluster-specific objective for social cohesion:

• To promote social cohesion as a vehicle for conflict resolution and peace.

37. Cluster-specific indicator for social cohesion:

• Indicator:

• Number of dispute resolution and peace initiatives developed and strengthened.

38. Relevance and selection criteria a thought from Gandhi-ji

39.