CONFUCIANISM TAOISM (based on Dao way)

Founder CONFUCIUS / kung-fu-tzu / master Kong Lao Tzu

God/ Creator NONE None (but believes in Dao)

Place of Origin China China

Holy books or important text ANALECTS

The book of Confucius or the Confucian canon

Tao Te China(writings of Lao Tzu)

Beliefs and Practices *REN*ETIQUETTE*LOYALTY*FILIAL PIETY & Other relations*Gentlemanliness

*Harmony with Tao (Dao) or nature/natural word thru Meditation•3 Jewels of the TaoA.) COMPASSION -the humane quality of understanding the suffering of others and wanting to do something about itB.) MODERATION - quality of being moderate and avoiding extremesC.) HUMILITY the state or quality of being humble; freedom from pride and arrogance; lowliness of mind; a modest estimate of one's own worth; a sense of one's own unworthiness through imperfection and sinfulness; self-abasement;humblenes.* YIN AND YANG (passive and active force)

Present in which countries? KOREA JAPAN VIETNAM(About 5-6 M)

VIETNAM CAMBODIA CHINA KOREA JAPAN

• The Lun-yü (Analects) are the most revered sacred scripture in the Confucian tradition. It was probably compiled by the second generation of Confucius' disciples. Based primarily on the Master's sayings, preserved in both oral and written transmissions, it captures the Confucian spirit in the same way that the Platonic dialogues embody Socratic teachings.

• The Confucian Canon achieved its present form in the Sung dynasty under the direction of Chu Hsi (1130-1200). It consists of the Five Classics and the Four Books.

• The Five Classics are:• Shu Ching (Classic of History) - collection of documents and

speeches dating from the Later Han Dynasty (23-220 CE)• Shih Ching (Classic of Odes) - collection of 300 poems and songs

from the early Chou Dynasty (1027-402 BC) • I Ching (Classic of Changes) - collection of texts on divination

based on a set of 64 hexagrams that reflect the relationship between Yin and Yang in nature and society

• Ch'un Ching (Spring and Autumn Annals) - extracts from the history of the state of Lu 722-484, said to be compiled by Confucius

• Li Ching (Classic of Rites) - consists of three books on the Li (Rites of Propriety)

• The Four Books are:• Lun Yu (Analects) of Confucius• Chung Yung (Doctrine of the Mean)• Ta Hsueh (Great Learning)• Meng Tzu (Mencius)

To sum up his life “At 15 I set my heart on learning; at 30 I firmly took my stand; at 40 I had no delusions; at 50 I knew the Mandate of Heaven; at 60 my ear was attuned; at 70 I followed my heart's desire without

overstepping the boundaries of right”.

• Ren• Ren is one of the basic virtues promoted by

Confucius, and is an obligation of altruism and humaneness for other individuals within a community. It is best expressed in the Confucian version of the Ethic of reciprocity, or the Golden Rule: "do not do unto others what you would not have them do unto you.“

• Etiquette • conventional requirements as to social behavior;

proprieties of conduct as established in any classor community or for any occasion.

• Loyalty• Loyalty is particularly relevant for the social class to

which most of Confucius' students belonged, because the only way for an ambitious young scholar to make his way in the Confucian Chinese world was to enter a ruler's civil service. In later ages, however, emphasis was placed more on the obligations of the ruled to the ruler, and less on the ruler's obligations to the ruled.

• Loyalty was also an extension of one's duties to friends, family, and spouse. Loyalty to one's family came first, then to one's spouse, then to one's ruler, and lastly to one's friends. Loyalty was considered one of the greater human virtues.

• Filial piety• "Filial piety" is considered among the greatest of virtues

and must be shown towards both the living and the dead (including even remote ancestors). The term "filial" (meaning "of a child") characterizes the respect that a child, originally a son, should show to his parents. This relationship was extended by analogy to a series of five relationships.

• The Five Bonds• Ruler to Ruled• Father to Son• Husband to Wife• Elder Brother to Younger Brother• Friend to Friend.

• The gentleman• Confucianism exhorts all people to strive for the

ideal of a "gentleman" or "perfect man". A succinct description of the "perfect man" is one who "combines the qualities of saint, scholar, and gentleman." In modern times the masculine translation in English is also traditional and is still frequently used. Elitism was bound up with the concept, and gentlemen were expected to act as moral guides to the rest of society.

TAOISMLaozi (Chinese: 老子 ; pinyin: Lǎozǐ; Wade–Giles

: Lao Tzu; also romanized as Lao Tse, Lao Tu, Lao-Tsu, Laotze, Laosi, Laocius, and other variations) was a philosopher of ancient China, best known as the author of the Tao Te Ching (often simply referred to asLaozi).[1] His association with the Tao Te Ching has led him to be traditionally considered the founder of philosophical Taoism(pronounced as "Daoism"). He is also revered as a deity in most religious forms of Taoist philosophy, which often refers to Laozi asTaishang Laojun, or "One of the Three Pure Ones".

The Tao Te Ching, often called simply Laozi after its reputed author, describes the Dao (or Tao) as the source and ideal of all existence: it is unseen, but not transcendent, immensely powerful yet supremely humble, being the root of all things.

SIKHISM

Founder Guru Nanak Dev

God/ Creator None (in form but there is “EK ONKAR” (one God)

Place of Origin India

Holy books or important text Teaching of 10 GurusGuru Granth Sahib Ji

Beliefs and Practices *Sant – Sipahi (saint soldier)-control of self and defend the oppressed*worship in GURDWARA*LANGAR*Prohibitions of Cutting hairIntoxicationWorthless talk etc.

Present in which countries? INDIA PAKISTAN (over 25 M – 5th Largest)

• Guru Nanak [1] (Punjabi: ਗੁ�ਰੂ� ਨਾ�ਨਾਕ; Hindi: गु�रु ना�नाक, Urdu: گرونانک [ˈɡʊɾu ˈnɑnək] Gurū Nānak) (15 April 1469 – 22 September 1539) was the founder of the religion of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus.

• The Sikh Gurus established Sikhism from over the centuries beginning in the year 1469. Sikhism was founded by the first guru, Guru Nanak, and subsequently, all in order were referred to as "Nanak", and as "Lights", making their teachings in the holy scriptures, equivalent. There are a total of 11 gurus, of which the current, and everlasting, Sikh Guru is the integrated Sikh scriptures known as the Adi Granth or, Siri Guru Granth Sahib.

• Ik stands for the Gurmukhi numeral "One".• On is a combination or O and An stands for

"Everything".• Kar is inferred and stands for "Creator".

• Sant Sipahi stands for the Sikh concept of "Warrior Saint". The two words 'Sant' and 'Sipahi' can be translated as:

• Sant is used to refer to a wise, knowledgeable and Dharmic person or a "person with knowledge of God". Sometimes it is naively translated as "Saint".

• Sipahi means Warrior or Soldier.

• The first word in this phrase is "Sant" and so this has domination and means that the first duty of the Sikh is to be a "Sant" or to be a wise and knowledgeable person.

• The second word in the phrase is "Sapahi". So this "Sant" should also be a soldier able to fight and engage in warfare. A Sikh who cannot fight cannot be a "Sant-Sapahi" and would be lacking in the required qualities. So the second duty of a Sikh is to be able and ready to fight for a worthy cause and for the protection of righteousness and the weak. So the idea for being a warrior is to protect and defend the weak and oneself from any tyrants and bullies. Sikhs are taught to be kind as well as fearless.

• The essential feature of a gurdwara is the presiding presence in it of the holy Sikh Scripture, called the Guru Granth Sahib also referred to as Satguru.

• The Langar or free kitchen was started by the first Sikh Guru, Guru Nanak Dev Ji. It is designed to uphold the principle ofequality between all people of the world regardless of religion, caste, colour, creed, age, gender or social status. In addition to the ideals of equality, the tradition of Langar expresses the ethics of sharing, community, inclusiveness and oneness of all umankind. "..the Light of God is in all hearts." 282