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May 3, 2023 EFFECTIVE COUNSELING-2013 1
WELCOME TO
ALL OF U…
May 3, 2023 2May 3, 2023 Viswam-2010 2
May 3, 2023 3Effective Counseling- 2013
Effective Counseling- 2013
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PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
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TECHNIQUE AND DIFFERENT …
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TERMINOLOGY … CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY: g‡bv-wPwKrmv weÁvb
CLINICIAN: Clinical psychologist (g‡bv wPwKrmK)
client: counselee
therapeutic or therapist: Relating with healing…
Clinical assessment: PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST ( DAP, HTP, IQ TEST…) intervention program…
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WHAT IS…
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The branch of psychology concerned with the assessment and treatment of mental illness and behavioral problems.
- wK¬wb‡Kj mvB‡KvjwR nj g‡bvweÁv‡bi †m kvLv †hLv‡b e¨vw³i gvbwmK I AvPiYMZ mgm¨v mgvav‡b mv‡KvjwR‡Kj †U÷/G‡mm‡g›U e¨envi K‡i wbivg‡qi Rb¨ KvR Kiv nq|
- wK¬wb‡Kj mvB‡KvjwR --- cªv‡qvwMK/e¨evnvwiK g‡bvweÁvb,,,
- wK¬wb‡Kj mvB‡KvjwR g~jZ: --- g‡bv-wPwKrmv weÁvb,,,
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Clinical psychologist: a member of a profession devoted to understanding and treating individuals affected by a variety of emotional, behavioral, and cognitive difficulties.
- wK¬wb‡Kj mvB‡KvjwR÷ (g‡bvwPwKrmK), mgv‡R hviv wewfbœ Av‡ewMK, AvPiYZM Ges eyw×MZ w`‡K mgm¨vMÖ¯’/ÿwZMÖ¯’, Zv‡`i eyS‡Z Ges wbivgq Ki‡Z gnvb †ckvq AvZ¥ wb‡ew`Z GKRb e¨w³|
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The clinical Psychologist..
In terms of the problems : Hopeless… like depression, anxiety, personality disorders, mental retardation/disability মানসি�ক প্রসি�বন্ধী, learning disability, addicted, vocational problems…
Behavior
Involved…
Effective Counseling- 2013
Therapy/ Intervention:
TEACHING…
CLINICAL SUPPERVISION
RESEARCH…
ADMINISTRATION…
Activities of Clinical Psychologists…
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Diagnosis/Assessment: ( Identification of the illness or problem by examination of the symptom)
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Clinician’s Activities ( 2008)SN. Activity Percentage
1. Psychotherapy 84
2. Diagnosis/Assessment
74
3. Teaching 50
4. Clinical Supervision 62
5. Research/ writing 47
6. Consultation 54
7. Administration 75
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Sister M. Supriti,SMRA
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The 11 theories of counseling will help us to re-evaluate … our development as a person.
( e¨w³ wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡`i Kv‡Ri weKv‡ki/ AMÖMwZi Ges cybg©~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ KvDwÝwjs-Gi GB 11wU ZZ¡ we‡klfv‡e mvnvh¨ Ki‡e )|
1. Psychoanalytic therapy- (Sigmund Freud) focus on unconscious factors that motivate behavior (Ae‡PZb g‡bi welq hv AvPiY‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i) (first to 6 years) later develop our Personality. Child hood memory, dream analysis.
2. Adlerian therapy : (Alfred Adler) it’s growth model( e¨w³‡Z¡i weKv‡k..) and stresses ( gvbwmK Pvc wbim‡b) assuming…Through early recollection, life-style, Dream analysis.
3. Person-centered therapy: ( Carl Rogers) based on subjective view of human experiencing…. To the client in dealing with problems and concerns.
For effective person/counsellor……
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4. Behavior therapy : (B.F. Skinner, Albert Bandura) Focus on learning to resolution of specific behavioral problems( we‡kl †Kvb AvPiYMZ mgm¨vi mgvav‡b wkÿv‡K †K‡›`ª iv‡Lb)
5. Gestalt therapy: focus on awareness and integration.
6. Cognitive therapy: Focus on cognitive, action oriented … to find-out and solution the root of personal problems ( e¨w³MZ mgm¨vi g~j Ly‡uR †ei Ki‡Z I mgvavb w`‡Z wPšÍv/eyw×MZ ¯Íi †`Lv).
7. Reality therapy: Focuses on the client assuming responsibility in the present.
For effective counsellor……
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The 11 theories of counseling…
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8. Feminist therapy : A central concept is the concern for psychological oppression( unjust treatment or exercise of authority) of women( gvbwmK wech©¯Í/ AZ¨vPvwiZ hviv ).
9. Solution – Focused therapy: These approaches maintain that the client is an expert in his or her own life.
10. Existential therapy: it focuses on the quality of the person-to-person therapeutic relationship.
11. Family therapy : The key to changing the individual is understanding working with the family.
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IN PREPARING FOR COUNSELLING… KvDwÝwjs Gi cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e... wb¤œ wjwLZ wel‡qi Ávb... You will acquire knowledge about … The theories of personality – e¨w³‡Z¡i ZZ¡MZ e¨vL¨v
Psychotherapy – g‡bvMZ wbivgq
Psychological Assessment – Ex. DAP, HTP, I.Q, TAT, Word association
Intervention techniques - Solution…diagnosis, relaxation technique, Spiritual Well-being program, any developmental program.
May 3, 202319October 31, 2002
- Therapeutic counseling demands a
practitioner who is to be an authentic person in the therapeutic relationship.
(Therapeutic counseling - practitioner ‡`i KvQ †_‡K cÖZ¨vkv ev `vex K‡i... K¬v‡q›U‡`i mv‡_ wbivg‡qii m¤úK© ¯’vc‡b GKRb Zviv GKRb cÖK…Z/LvuwU gvbexq e¨vw³ n‡eb...)
- Through our own genuineness and aliveness that we can significantly touch our client.
- ( mZZv Ges mRxeZv/cÖvYešÍZvi gva¨‡g Avgiv Avgv‡`i K¬v‡q›U‡`i ü`q ¯úk© Ki‡Z cvi‡ev )Effective Counseling- 2013
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PERSONAL CHARACTERISTIS OF
EFFECTIVE COUNSELLORS…
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There are personal qualities and characteristics that deem significant… ( wKQz e¨w³MZ ¸Yvejx/`ÿZv Ges ˆewkó¨ hv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©...)
1. Effective therapists have an identity: ( mdj KvDbwÝji Gi _vK‡e GKUv wbR¯^ cwiwPwZ) they know who they are… and what is essential.
2. Effective therapists respects and appreciate themselves:
( mdj KvDbwÝji wb‡R‡K m¤§vb K‡i Ges cÖksmv/mg_©b †`q ) Zviv wb‡R‡`i †hvM¨Zv I kw³i evB‡i- Ab¨‡`i KvQ †_‡K mvnvh¨ I fvjevmv w`‡Z - wb‡Z Rvv‡b)
- they can give and receive help and love out of their own sense of self-worth and strength .
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PERSONAL CHARACTERISTIS OF…
3. Effective therapists are open to change: When client are not satisfied with the way they are…counselor make decisions about how they would like to change., ,
- (K¬v‡q›U‡`i mv‡_ c_Pjvq... wKfv‡e cwieZ©Y Avb‡Z n‡e, †m m¤^‡Ü Zviv m‡PZb I D`vi, GgbwK we‡klfv‡e hLb Zviv wbR Ae¯’v‡b AmyLx...|
4. Effective therapists make choices that are life oriented: - mdj/djcÖ` KvDwÝji K¬v‡q›U‡`i hv Rxeb-
Dc‡hvMx ev Rxeb †Kw›`ªK Zv †e‡Q ‡bq|5. Effective therapists are authentic, sincere an honest:
- Zviv cÖK…Z/LvuwU, mnR-mij Ges mr/mZ¨ev`x ; †Kvb welq jyKv‡Z ev cÖwZ‡iva/evuavi m„wó Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i bv|
6. Effective therapists have a sense of humor:- mdj KvDbwÝji‡`i Av‡Q iwmKZv Kivi g‡Zv Ávb| Zviv Rxe‡bi NUbvmg~n bZzb `„wófw½‡Z †`L‡Z cv‡i| Zviv †h †Kvb KwVb welq Ges we‡klfv‡e wb‡Ri Ag‡Zi/B”Qvi weiæ× welqI mnRfv‡e wb‡Z ‡Pó K‡i|
7. Effective therapists make mistakes and are willing to admit them: Zviv fzj Ki‡Z cv‡ib Z‡e Zv ‡¯^”Qvq ¯^xKvi K‡i |
8. Effective therapists generally live in the present: Zviv AZxZ evievi ¯§iY K‡i †`q bv, Avevi fwel¨r wel‡qI AwZwbf©ikxj bq; Zviv AwfÁZv Ki‡Z Ges Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ eZ©gvb wb‡q _vK‡Z †Póv K‡i|
PERSONAL CHARACTERISTIS OF…
Effective Counseling- 2013
PERSONAL CHARACTERISTIS OF…
9. Effective therapists appreciate the influence of culture:- Zviv e¨w³ mZš¿Zv, †RÛvi, †kÖYx m¤^‡Ü LyeB
m‡PZb Ges ms‡e`bkxj|
10. Effective therapists have a sincere interest in the welfare of others: A‡b¨i k„f-Kvgbv Kivi ‡ÿ‡Î Zv‡`i _vK‡e AKcU AvMÖn| - this concern is based on respect, care, trust and real
valuing of others. GB `i`‡eva M‡o D‡V cvi¯úwiK m¤§vvb, hZœ, wek¦vm Ge© Ab¨‡K g~j¨/ghv©`v †`qvi gva¨‡g|
11. Effective therapists possess effective
interpersonal skills: Zviv Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© ¯’vc‡b `ÿ, A‡b¨i Rxeb-Mfx‡i XzKvi g‡Zv `ÿZvI AR©b K‡i †bq|
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COUNSEELING PROCESS…
ACCEPTENCE: RESTATEMENT:
CLARIFICATION:
SUMMARYGENERAL LEADREASURENCE
INTEARPRETATION: Effective Counseling- 2013
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Acceptance is non-judgmental openness to whatever is said by the counselee. ( ‡Kvb wePvi bv K‡i D`vi ev †Lvjv g‡bvfv‡e KvDwÝjx hv-B e‡j Zv MÖnY)
KvDwÝj‡ii Dl I Avš‘wiK MÖnY, Zvi mge¨_x nIqv , Lye kxNªB Zv‡K Abyfe Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e †h †m Zvi Kv‡Q MªnYxq GKRb,,,
A smile or nod means the statement is accepted and need to give encouragement continuously…
Use this…
- “ I am with you”I accept that, … nothing u say here is irrelevant.I regard your thoughts with respects….
ACCEPTENCE: MÖnYxq g‡bvfve
This consists of verbatim repetition ( exactly the same word) of what counselee has said. (KvDwÝwj hv e‡j wVK Zv-B / GKB kã cbivq ejv )|
This gives him accurate feedback of the materials,,, what he just put in the interview,,, cybiæw³ Zv‡K... †m †h wel‡q K_v e‡j‡Q, †m m¤^‡Ü mwVK aviYv w`‡e )|
He hears his own statement and has an opportunity to clarify… Restatement can be an effective leading.
RESTATEMENT: (use the same word)cybiæw³
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The counsellor clarifies for the counselee what the later has just he/she said. KvDwÝwj GB gvÎ hv e‡j‡Q ‡m m¤^‡Ü cwi®‹vi aviYv †`qv ...
ZLb KvDwÝwj eyS‡Z cvi‡e †h , Zvi g‡b hv wQj.... †m †Kej ZvB cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| ( Av‡eM, Abyf‚wZ, ivM, †ÿvf, fq, `ywðšÍv..)
Used as REFLECTION- (cÖwZdjb) this response can serve as a mirror... KvDwÝwji Dw³ cybivq ejv, Zvi gZ K‡i Abyfe Kiv,,,,
Ex. “ you feel that your teacher, in recording failing grade, has discriminate against U...”
CLARIFICATION:
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A summary is a review, a recapitulation of the main ideas and feelings expressed by the counselee. ( KvDwÝwj ‡h wel‡q mnfvwMZv K‡i‡Q Zvi mviK_v cybivq ejv, cÖavb ev g~j welq Ges Zvi Abyf‚wZi Awfe¨vw³ AvZ¯’ Kiv|
It allows the counselee to select his way of telling the counsellor any aspect of any topic. ( KvDwÝwj‡K Zvi welq wKfv‡e ej‡e ev Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e ‡m c_/Dcvq †e‡Q wb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡ib, AbygwZ †`b|
But … the counsellor who is taking the responsibility for the progress (AMÖMwZ) of the interview.
SUMMARY
GENERAL LEAD
Effective Counseling- 2013
REASSURANCE: ( wbðqZv, Avkv, mvnm Ges AvZœ- wek¦vm‡eva †`qv... meant to give hope, courage, self-confidence.
When we give verbal or non verbal ( silence) reassurance we are REINFORCING the idea or feeling expressed by the counselee. ( hLb Avgiv gy‡L e‡j ev bv e‡j Avgv‡`i †gŠb m¤§wZ‡Z wbðqZv ‡`B; ZLb Avgiv Zv‡`i wPšÍv-aviYv Av_ev Zv‡`i Abyf‚wZ‡K kw³kvjx / eje„w× Kwi|
INTERPRETATION: KvDwÝwj hv e‡j †m Dw³i cieZx© djvdj/ cwiw¯’wZ †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i †m m¤^‡Ü fvj-g›` w`K Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv...
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CLINICAL ASSESSMENT How do we assess (evaluate or estimate the nature,
ability or quality)
clinical interview Behavioral observation Through the battery of tests
Varieties of Interview :
- Intake – Admission interview, Case History Interview, Mental Status Examination Interview (MES), Crisis Interview, Diagnostic Interview.
Effective Counseling- 2013
INTERVIEWING ESSENTIALS
& TECHNIQUES
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A.Physical Arrangements :
The setting- a good setting is needed for privacy and protection from interruptions (evav/cÖwZeÜKZv).
Note-taking and recording.
INTERVIEWING ESSENTIALS & TECHNIQUES:
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positive, comfortable relationship between the clinician and clients.
involves comfortable atmosphere and natural understanding to the purpose of the interview.
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it is very important to use language that the patient can understand, avoid psychological jargon(meaningless word)…
it is also importance to clarify the meaning of a word or term that is used by the client,,,,
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Open-ended – gives patient responsibility …E.g.
…would you tell me about your experiences in …accident?
Facilitative – encourages the patient’s flow of
conversation ..e.g. can you tell me a more about that ?
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clarifying – encourages clarification. E.g. I guess this means…am I right ?
Confronting- remove conflicting statements. E.g. you said a while ago…this means you are saying..
Direct- questions asked requires specific answers; questions are more threatening. E.g. what did you say to your father when the criticized your choice ?
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Try to LEARN
SomethingNEW
every day, and you'll
GROW.
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It is only when you take …first stepand continue the journey
You can reach your destination
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LearnTo
S.M.I.L.E.
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THANK YOU!!
