Presented by: MUHAMMAD WAQAS SHAHID

student of M.SC biology

Preston university Pakistan

lets talk about it…….

cell differentiation

BUT

how

IMPORTANT TERMS

EPI: Greek root meaning upon , over and above.

EPIGENOME : A system whereby

individual gene sequence could be

turned on or off.

WHAT IS EPIGENETICS

● The study of changes in gene activity that do not have

to do with change in actual DNA

● Traits which do not have any specific gene can be

observed and can be transfered to another generations

● relating to nature vs nurture

Molecular basis of epigenetics

MOLECULAR BASIS OF EPIGENETICS

● Modification and activation of certain genes

● chromatin protein associated with DNA may be

activated or silenced

● This shows why differentiated cells in a multicellular

organism express only the genes that are important for

there own activity

EPIGENETICS EFFECTS IN HUMANS

● twin studies

● cancer and other disorders

DISCUSSION

Genetic information same

DNA methylation and histone modification

Epigenome varies tissue to tissue

Providing different identity to each cell type

stores epigenetic information that mainly controls

the heritable states of gene expression

Medical advantages

Scientist are trying to develop a medicine which

will turn off the negative epigenome and turn on

the positive one...

Experiment

Dr.Bygren in 1950 small village in sweden

so small that if harvest was bad

people would starve

harvest was different year to year

kids with extreme eating habits

had kids and grandkids who lived shorter lives

Lamarck may have the last laugh

THANKS…..

….