Ciliophora

Prepared by:

NOE P. MENDEZCENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY (CMU)

npolomendez@gmail.com

References

• Wikipedia• Microbewiki• PDFs• Soulsby, E. J. 1982. Helminths, Arthropods,

and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. Leo and Febiger Publishers.

Philadelphia.

Introduction• These microorganisms are the most advanced and

structurally complex

• Evidences indicate that they have evolved from the zooflagellates

• 8,000 species of Ciliophora. (Ji et. al., 2005)

• Parasites to pigs, rats, monkey, dog and also human

Features

• Possessing two nuclei ;Macronucleus- which is large and massive

and responsible for the cytoplasmic activities of the organism

Micronucleus- which is vesicular and is concerned with the reproductive process

• With contractile vacuola

Parts of Ciliated Protozoans

1. Contractile vacuole

2. Digestive vacuole

3. Macronucleus4. Micronucleus5. Cytoproct6. Cytopharynx7. Cytostome8. Cilium

Distinguishing characteristics• Movement and food-getting is accomplished with short

hair-like/thread-like structure called cilia

• Similar in diameter and internal structure to the flagella, but are shorter

• Numerous and arranged in longitudinal or diagonal rows

• Move in unison in order to move the organism

• Heterotroph

Cilia of Oxytricha trifallax

Reproduction

AsexualBinary fission/in the sexual phase, by

conjugation

Habitat

Free-livingWater

OceansLakesRiversPonds

ClassificationSubphylum Postciliodesmatophora• Class Karyorelictea• Class Heterotrichea (e.g. Stentor)Subphylum Intramacronucleata• Class Spirotrichea - Subclass Choreotrichia (e.g. Tintinnidium)

- Subclass Oligotrichia (e.g. Halteria)- Subclass Stichotrichia (e.g. Stylonychia)- Subclass Hypotrichia (e.g. Euplotes)

• Class Litostomatea - Subclass Haptoria (e.g. Didinium) - Subclass Trichostomatia (e.g. Balantidium)

• Class Phyllopharyngea - Subclass Phyllopharyngia (e.g. Chilodonella uncinata - Subclass Rhynchodia - Subclass Chonotrichia - Subclass Suctoria (e.g. Podophrya)

Continuation…• Class Nassophorea• Class Colpodea (e.g. Colpoda)• Class Prostomatea (e.g. Coleps)• Class Oligohymenophorea

– Subclass Peniculia (e.g. Paramecium)– Subclass Hymenostomatia (e.g. Tetrahymena)– Subclass Scuticociliatia– Subclass Peritrichia (e.g. Vorticella)– Subclass Astromatia– Subclass Apostomatia

• Class Plagiopylea