Can science be social? Collective and Citizen Experimentation in Computational Social Sciences

Can science be social? Collec-ve and Ci-zen Experimenta-on in

Computa-onal Social Sciences

Josep Perello

[email protected] @JosPerello @OpenSystemsUB / @CLabBarcelona

COMSOTEC (10 September 2015). Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander

What is Social? DefiniKon (Merrian Webster): : relaKng to or involving acKviKes in which people spend Kme talking to each other or doing enjoyable things with each other : liking to be with and talk to people : happy to be with people : of or relaKng to people or society in general

: marked by or passed in pleasant companionship with friends or associates <an acKve social life> : of, relaKng to, or designed for sociability <a social club> : of or relaKng to human society, the interacKon of the individual and the group, or the welfare of human beings as members of society <social insKtuKons> : tending to form cooperaKve and interdependent relaKonships with others : being such in social situaKons <a social drinker>

What is a lab?

Open Innova8on New paradigm based on a Quadruple Helix Model where government, industry, academia and civil parKcipants work together to co-‐create the future and drive structural changes far beyond the scope of what any one organizaKon or person could do alone. User-‐oriented innovaKon to take full advantage of ideas' cross-‐fer8lisa8on leading to experimenta8on and prototyping in real world seBng. Henry Chesbroug (2003)

Research in the wild Michel Callon (2003) 1.   Researchers in the wild are directly concerned with the

knowledge they produce because they are both the objects and the subjects of their research.

2.   Produc8on and appropria8on overlap to a large extent, since it is one group that in the same movement elaborates and uses the knowledge.

3.   Incen8ves are of a different nature, for what is at issue in the case of research in the wild is fate and the survival of the group whose members wish to save their lives.

Research in the wild Michel Callon (2003) 4. Largely as a consequence of the preceding points, we cannot separate the elabora8on of knowledge from the construc8on of an iden8ty because this idenKty is also common and shared before being individual. 5. Research in the wild makes a strong contribu8on to the formula8on of problems and ques8ons that become intelligible for confined researchers, some of whom have parKcipated in their elaboraKon. The concerned groups, owing to their investment in research, are no longer the only ones concerned.

Collec8ve Experimenta8on By contribuKng to a beaer understanding of these new and complicated collecKve dynamics, science studies will enrich debate on, and the performance of, the collecKves. Share risk with all parKcipants CollecKve experimentaKon and co-‐create the soluKons and the experiments From maaers of fact to maaers of concern (Latour: Ecology vs. Ecologism)

“A laboratory experiment is a rare, costly, local, arKficial set up.” Bruno Latour

OpenSystems Departament de Fisica Fonamental Universitat de Barcelona www.ub.edu/opensystems @OpenSystemsUB Since 2012

OpenSystems

When dissemina8on is not anymore dissemina8on

MACBA (Barcelona Contemporary Art Museum) Sistemes Oberts (2012/13-‐2014/15). Official training course for teachers.


A fesKval as a lab

Aerial Cartography of a Neighborhood (Raval Barcelona, 2015). Public Lab


Paral·lel (Molino)Plaça de la Bella Dorita. BarcelonaFecha: 19.00h. 15 abril 2015Fotógrafos: Teb Raval; Basurama; Public Laboratory.Herramienta: MapknitterImágenes y mapa: http://mapknitter.org/maps/parallel-2015Licencia: Dominio PúblicoResolución: cm/pixelCoordenadas: Latitud 41.3745415 Longitud 2.1677728Cartógrafo: Pablo Rey Mazón

N

Cartogra a aérea de barri Dentro del festival NOVUM 2015.Taller de fotografía aérea con globos.

100m

020

0m50

m15

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Barcelona CiKzen Science Office hap://cciutadana.barcelonalab.cat @CCiutadana

Riu.NET : hap://riunet.net AtrapaElTigre : hap://atrapaelKgre.com Pollen and Allergies : hap://lap.uab.cat/aerobiologia Seawatchers : hap://observadorsdelmar.cat OpenSystems : hap://ub.edu/opensystems

Community of pracKce with 5 different research groups having CiKzen Science projects. Since 2012

Ci8zen Science “general public engagement in scienKfic research acKviKes when ciKzens acKvely contribute to science either with their intellectual effort or surrounding knowledge or with their tools and resources” Green Book of CiKzen Science SocienKze (IberCivis, EU project)

OpenBeeResearch. Urban Bees Project

hap://issuu.com/bcnlabcienciaciudadana

Urban Bees: Castell dels Tres Dragons (Museu de Ciències Naturals), HANGAR, IMI-‐Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, ICUB-‐Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, UB Sensors (Arduino): Humidity, Temperature, Bee-‐Counter, Sound, Video and weight SocienKze (Ibercivis, UZ), EU project. Socios: Melliferopolis (FI) i OpenBeeLab (FR). www.openbeeresearch.org (en construcción)

OpenBeeResearch

Human Behaviour and Games

Board Game Fes8val DAU 2013 •  283 volunteers, 24,375 decisions •  TesKng Efficient Market Hypothesis •  Decision making and emergent

strategies in an uncertain environment.

•  hap://mr-‐banks.net

Results

•  M. GuKérrez-‐Roig, J. Duch, J. Perelló, in preparaKon, 2015

with Outliers (Oscar Marin)

Joint work on I. Bonhoure, O. Sagarra and M. GuKérrez-‐Roig

Shaping a solu8on: the Pop-‐Up Experiments

Experiments Bee-‐Path(1) Bee-‐Path(2) Coopera8on(1) Coopera8on(2) Mr. Banks(1) Mr. Banks(2) Dr. Brain

1.General Informa8on

Date June 2012 June 2013 Dec 2012 March 2014 Dec 2013 July 2015 Dec 2014

Topic Human Mobility Human Mobility Social Dilemmas Social Dilemmas Decision Making Decision Making Social Dilemmas

Number of volunteers 101a 68b 168 52 307 42 580

Number of records 10,312 GPS points 10,315 GPS pointsb 4,200 decisions 1,300 decisions 18,525 decisions 2,372 decisions 8,659 decisions

Budget (approx.) 4,000 EUR 3,500 EUR 2,000 EUR 1,000 EUR 2,500 EUR 1,300 EUR 1,000 EUR

A Pop-‐Up-‐Experiment (PUE) is a physical, light, very flexible, highly adaptable, reproducible, transportable, tuneable, collecKve, parKcipatory and public experimental set-‐up for urban contexts that (1)  applies CiKzen Science pracKces and ideals to provide

ground-‐breaking knowledge and (2)  transforms the experiment into a valuable, socially

responsible, consented and transparent experience to non-‐expert volunteered parKcipants with the possibility to build the urban commons arisen from facts-‐based effecKve knowledge valid for both ciKes and ciKzens.


Joint work with I. Bonhoure, O. Sagarra and M. GuKérrez-‐Roig

Pop-‐up Experiments along ci8zen science framework

1.  CollecKve ExperimentaKon sharing publicly the risk with all parKcipants.

2.  Volunteers should be first users of the scienKfic knowledge being produced.

3.  Natural experiments in real-‐world. An alternaKve to virtual labs and to byassed populaKons in social experiments.

4.  Clear definiKon of the quesKon. Appealing concept: ParKcipants are curious!

5.  Time and space frames controlled since it is a one-‐shot experiment.

6.  Light infraestructure easy to adapt to several contexts. Always expect the uncertain.

7.  Quick and flexible configuraKon of teams (but large and complex to manage).









With the support of

Community of pracKce in CiKzen Science

CiKzen Science Office. Science Unit in the City Council

Science CommunicaKon in Bee-‐Path and Complexity Lab Barcelona (2014 SGR 608)

Mecánica estadísKca para "big data”: adquisición, análisis y modelización (FIS2013-‐47532-‐C03-‐02-‐P)

HosKng the experiments. Barcelona InsKtute of Culture

[email protected] @JosPerello

@OpenSystemsUB @CLabBarcelona

Big thanks to: Isabelle Bonhoure, Mario GuKérrez-‐Roig, Anxo Sánchez, Yamir Moreno, Jordi Duch, Inés Garriga, Nadala Fernández, Fran Iglesias, Pedro Lorente, Carlota Segura, Clàudia Payrató, Joan Bernat Ferrer, DomesKc Data Streamers, Oscar Marín, Outliers, Albert Díaz-‐Guilera, Oleguer Sagarra, Julia Poncela-‐Casasnovas, Jesús Gómez-‐Gardeñes, Julian Vicens, Roi Sastre, Helena Andrés, Edouard Cabay, Elena Poropat, and to thousands of volunteers.