Residential Construction Practices

P R E S E N T S

Residential Construction

PracticesLet’s Build a House Together!

(3) Credit Continuing Education Course

…and a great class!

Continuing Education Providers are subject to audit by the State of Connecticut

Please:Mute your cell phone

Use electronic devices judiciously

Remain in attendance until the end of the class (or we can’t issue your credits)

Thank you!

Your Credits….Are submitted electronically to the State of Connecticut by Tiger Real Estate School

Tiger Real Estate School will email you a Certificate of Completion within 14 days

Please make sure we don’t land in “spam” and be sure to save your Certificate where you can find it

There is a $25.00 fee to reissue a Certificate

Startling Statistics!How many Jobs are created for each single

family home built? (According to NAHB)

Five?Seven?One?Three?

Tax Revenue

How much government tax revenue is created for each single family home built?

$ 24,000?$ 110,000?$ 74,000?$ 58,000?$ 90,000?

Annual Housing Starts

How many national housing starts do we need to accommodate growing population and olderhousing stock?

950,000?1.7 million?3 million?1.2 million?2.1 million?

10 Year U.S. Housing Starts

Connecticut Housing Permits

1st Q 2016 1,088 2015 6,077 2014 5,329 2013 5,424 2012 4,669 2011 3,173 2010 3,932

2005 11,885

CONTENTSBuilding codesFoundation systemsLoads on buildingsFloor systemsWall systemsRoof systemsRoofingSidingDecks

InsulationFinish workDoors and windowsSpecial constructionHeating systemsCoolingAir qualityWater and Waste Electrical

Building CodesRegulate: design construction alteration repair of buildings

in order to protect the public safety, health, and welfare

Major Model CodesThe National Building Code

BOCA (Building Officials and Code Administrators)The Uniform Building Code (UBC)

ICBO (International Conference of Building Officials)The Standard Building CodeInternational Building Code

IBC Publication in 2003

International Energy Conservation Code

Companion CodesDeveloped to govern other more specific aspects of construction

such as plumbing and mechanical work.

May be developed by states or local municipalities, most are published by the same

groups that publish the model codes.

The 2016 CONNECTICUT STATE BUILDING CODE has been approved and will be effective for all permit applications on or after OCTOBER 1, 2016.

The 2016 CONNECTICUT FIRE SAFETY CODE has been approved and will be effective for all permit applications on or after OCTOBER 1, 2016

Connecticut Building Codes

Electrical Code 2011 NEC (NFPA-70)

Accessibility Code ICC/ANSI A117.1 2003

Elevator Code 2005 CT State Elevator Code (ASME A17.1-1996 with 1997 & 1998 Addenda)

Gas Code CT State Regulations Boiler Code ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code; NBIC

Energy Code 2009 International Energy Conservation Code (re-adopted with changes)

Let’s Build A House!

Basic 2400 sq ft colonial Not a lot of “bells &

whistles” Costs a/o August

2016 Average

construction quality Located in

subdivision – land price not included

Construction Cost Estimate based on the

book

National Building Cost Manual

published by Craftsman

Book Company

Single family residence built under competitive conditions in or near Fairfield County

Foundation for normal soil conditions Excavation for foundation and piers on a prepared building pad Floor, wall, interior and exterior finishes, roof cover, interior partitions, doors, windows, trim Electric wiring and fixtures Rough and finish plumbing, built-in appliances Supervision, design fees, permits, utility hook-ups, the contractor's contingency, overhead and profit.

*Add the cost of the land, government-mandated site development fees and the cost of bringing utility lines to the site

2400 Square Feet

What’s This?

4 BR, 2.5 Baths, Masonry Fireplace, Full Basementhttp://www.building-cost.net/CornersType.asp

Site Preparation

Protecting the Environment

Foundation SystemsFoundation FootingFooting DrainageFoundation WallsDamp SealingInsulation & Vapor

Barriers Insulated concrete formsRadon Resistant New

Construction

Footing & Drain Details

Prefabricated Foundations

Insulated Concrete Forms

Poured Concrete Foundation

Foundation Insulation

Alternative to our selectionSlab insulation detail

Pre-Slab & Finish Details

Radon Resistant New Construction

Are You Ready….

It’s time for…

Which of the following most closely reflects the cost of equipment and labor for:

Excavation:1. Labor $5,143 Equipment $1,332

Excavation Total $6,475

2. Labor $2,050, Equipment $1,062, Excavation Total $3,112

Which of the following most closely reflects the cost of materials, equipment and labor for:Foundation, Piers,

Flatwork:1. Materials $4,639, Labor $9,050, Equipment $1,062 Foundation, Piers, Flatwork Total $14,751

2. Material $11,152, Labor $17,426, Equipment $2,709 Foundation, Piers, Flatwork Total $31,287

Which of the following most closely reflects the cost of materials and labor for:

Rough Carpentry:

1. Materials $41,953, Labor $27,935, Rough Carpentry Total $69,888

2. Material $36,060, Labor $52,886, Rough Carpentry Total $88,946

How much have we spent so far…

Excavation $6,475Foundation, Piers, Flatwork $31,287Rough Hardware $3,060*Rough Carpentry $88,946

$129,768

Structural and Exterior Building Systems

Floor System Components

Engineered Systems Basement Insulation

Wood Joists

Wood Stud Framing System

Double Top Plate

Cripple Studs

Headers

King Stud

Jack Stud

Window Sill

Bottom Plate

Window & Door R.O.

Engineered Framing Systems

The Role of Mechanical Fasteners

Mechanical Fasteners

Understanding the Importance of Proper Mechanical Connections

Sheathing OptionsOriented Strand Board or PlywoodHave been common choices.A whole new sheathing system is available now.

The Huber Zip System:

Structural Insulated Panels

(SIPS)

Eliminates the thermal bridge that occurs with conventional frame construction.

SIP houses are very tight and insulate extremely well.

SIPS Truss Framing

SIPS

Roof Systems

Rooflines

Roof TerminologyRidgeDormerEaveGableRidge BoardRidge BeamKnee Wall

Engineered Roofing System

Material Costs Excluding Labor

Roof Flashing & Drainage

Most Popular Roofing Material

PV Roofing protects from the elements and also generates

electricity

Newest solar product

Pleasing to Homeowners

Not as visually apparent as standard solar electric modules

Dow Solar Roof

The Savings

Doors & WindowsTo Finish the Close-In

Masonry Veneer Exterior Plywood Finishes Wood Shingles/Shakes Board Siding Stucco Finishes Synthetic Products Wood or Composite Trim Flashing

Siding & Trim

Air & Vapor Barriers

Siding & Trim

No Shortage of Siding or Trim Options For The Home

WoodVinylCementPVCLVLPoly-foamHardboardFinger-jointed WoodMetals

• Foundation• Framing• Flashing• Stairs & Railings• Finish Materials

Decks

Deck Support Method

Flashing for pressure-treated wood

Contains higher concentrations of copper

Could quickly corrode the critical aluminum flashings, fasteners, and connectors

Use stainless steel or copper to prevent galvanic reaction

Handrails and Decking Materials

Composite decking combines recycled

plastic and wood fiber

Ensuring Deck Safety

Critical Deck Connections

1. Ledger Attachment

2. Joist-to-Ledger

3. Joist-to-Beam

4. Beam-to-Post

5. Railing Post-to-Deck Framing

6. Stair Stringer-to-Deck Framing

7. Stair Tread-to-Stringer

8. Post-to-Concrete

Let’s Review…

Top 10 New Construction Defects

1. No insulation installed in the attic2. Missing proper roof vents, or vent holes cut, but roofed over3. Windows installed improperly4. Hot and Cold water reversed at faucets, tubs, and showers5. Drains clogged with debris from construction process6. Inoperable or missing GFCI’s in required areas 7. Heat vents missing, not connected8. Cut trusses in roof or floor trusses9. Tempered glass missing in required areas10. Improperly installed roofing, flashing, or roof jacks

Are Your Ready?

Let’s Play…….

Name That Defect!!

Name that Defect!

Name that Defect!

Name that Defect!

Name that Defect!

Name that Defect!

Name that Defect!

Name that Defect(s)!

Name that Defect!

Name that Defect!

B R E A KB R E A K

15 MINUTE15 MINUTE

2016 – 2018 (3) Credit Continuing Education Courses

Don’t Let Water Intrusion Sink Your Deal! Smart Energy Updates for Existing Homes Innovation in Sustainable Housing – Green Building Best PracticesThis Old Connecticut House Minimize Your Risk, Maximize Your Earnings Environmental Issues – Evolution to Resolution What to Expect When We’re Inspecting! Mold to Sold! Residential Building Practices

Your Opinion Matters….

Before the end of class, please take a moment to complete our evaluation form…

Energy Conservation in New Construction

Energy Use And Code Considerations

Doors And Windows

Insulation And The Building Envelope

Conservation Systems

Mechanical Systems

Indoor Air Quality

Finishing The Interior

Energy Use Breakdown

better codes mean better benefits.

Doors and Windows

DOOR & WINDOW SELECTION

Solar gain ratingWindow orientation

What to look for in windows

Glazing Sashes and frames Performance ratings

Energy-Efficient design

Building Envelope Specific Requirements

Conditioned space

Building Envelope consists of:FenestrationCeilingsWalls

Above gradeBelow gradeMass walls

FloorsSlabCrawl space

Areas for Air Leakage (Infiltration)

Windows and doors

Between sole plates

Floors and exterior wall panels

Plumbing

Electrical

Service access doors or hatches

Recessed light fixtures

How to Air Seal an Attic

Super-insulated, Airtight Envelope

Insulation materialsThermal mass Air tightness Moisture controlToo tight

Common Insulation Types

Spray-In InsulationGood R-values-up to 6.5

per inch-do an exceptionally good job of air sealing

Best product to stop air movement through walls

Available in both low-density, open-cell and high-density, closed-cell varieties

Applied with specialized spray equipment

Low-density foams are more vapor permeable than high-density foams, but they both form extremely effective air barriers

Wall Insulation and Installation

Ceiling Insulation and Installation

Thermal By-pass sealingIs critical for maintenanceof the Building Envelope

Basement and Crawlspace(Insulation and Installation)

Foundation and Floor Framing Both Require Good Insulation

Fiberglass/Cellulose Spray foam

Approximately $1.50 - $2.00

per square foot

$6.00 - $7.00 per square foot

R49 Standard Insulation Costs

Air Sealing for New Home Construction

BlendingAir- Sealingand a varietyof insulationMaterials foran air-tightHome

Duct Insulation and Sealing

Duct Tightness Testing

Building Cavities as Supply DuctsNo, No, No, No!!!!

Putting all of the sealing Activities in place before Testing the home

Blower Door

Are You Ready….

It’s time for…


Roofing, Flashing, Fascia:

1. Material $9,967, Labor $11,680 Roofing, Flashing, Fascia Total $21,647

2. Material $15,077, Labor $12,564 Roofing, Flashing, Fascia Total $27,641


Exterior Trim and Finish:

1. Material $15,559, Labor $10,434, Equipment $1,343Exterior Trim and Finish Total $27,336

2. Material $25,648, Labor $15,879, Equipment $1,370 Exterior Trim and Finish Total $42,897


Insulation:1. Material $6,231, Labor $2,638,

Insulation Total $8,869

2. Material $6,753, Labor $4,586, Insulation Total $11,339


Doors(including garage) Windows:

1. Materials $5,720, Labor $8,155 Door/Window Total $13,875

2. Materials $10,528 Labor $7,211, Door/Window Total $17,739

How much have we spent so far…

Excavation $6,475Foundation, Piers, Flatwork $31,287Rough Hardware $3,060*Rough Carpentry $88,946Roof, Flashing, & Fascia $27,641 Insulation $11,339Exterior Trim & Finish $35,639Doors/Windows $17,739Finish Hardware* $1,007

$223,133

Lighting Compliance Requirements

Compact Fluorescent Bulbs - CFLLight Emitting Diode Bulbs – LEDSealed Recessed Lighting

RESPECTING and CONSERVING WATER

Home Water Conservation

Water-efficient plumbing fixtures and appliances

Hot water distribution

Design landscape to conserve water

Home Run Plumbing

Newest Supply Systems Include:

CPVC Piping

Manifold Distribution

Individual Shut Offs

PEX Tubing

Minimal Joints

Labeled Distribution

Hot Water Re-circulation with timer controls

Toilets, Showerheads, Faucets1992 conservation act

mandated water conserving plumbing fixtures

1.6 gallons per flush, many are less than 1.3 gallons

Saves 30,000 gallons per year – over $100

ElectricalConventional ServiceCircuitsWiringGFCIAFCIGFI Tester

Ground Fault Interrupter Arc Fault Interrupter

Electrical

PHOTOVOLTAICS (PV)

Direct conversion of sunlight

Utilizes a semiconductor to create electron flow

Water HeatingHeating

Supply

Supply systems

Hybrid & On Demand Water Heating

How does an on demand tankless water heater work?

Solar Hot Water Heating

Heating & Cooling Systems

• Forced Air Heating• Hot Water & Steam Heating• Electric Heating• Radiant Heating• Geothermal Heating• Heat Pump• Active Solar Energy• Passive Solar• HRV• Air Conditioning Condenser• Heat Pump in Cooling Mode• Split ductless Systems

High Efficiency Heating Systems

How boilers work

Wall Mounted Condensing Gas Boiler

Radiant Heat

Dual Mode Heating & Cooling Systems

Split Cooling SystemsHeat Pumps andDuctless Systems

Differentiating High Efficiency HVAC Systems

A split HVAC system - multiple sectionsIndoor coil section in the ductworkOutdoor coil section (compressor/condenser) installed on the outside of

the homeInside the home (attic, basement, closet) there may be a combined fan

and air conditioning coil in one box or separate coil and fan sections which can house a gas or oil heating furnace

Package system contains all components in one box (compressor, condenser, fan) typically found installed outside the home, in some cases on the roof and ducted into the home

Two Configurations for AC or Heat Pumps

Ductless Mini Split Heat Pump

Ground Source Heat Pump

Basement Geothermal Equipment

Air Quality

Night flushing – Attic Fan

Heat Recovery Ventilators

Ventilators – Kitchen/Bath

Balanced Ventilation System

Incoming and outgoing airstreams balance one another

Heat in the outgoing airstream can be captured with an HRV or ERV

Improve Air Quality Duct Configuration

Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV)

Video Heat Recovery Ventilation

Interior Components

Stair RequirementsWood StairsSpiral StairsFireplacesFireplace RequirementsMasonry ChimneysPrefab Fireplaces & Stoves

Efficient Fireplaces and Gas, Propane, or Pellet Type Burning Appliances

One Minute Break – Your Opinion Matters….

Please take a moment to complete our evaluation form…

Finish Work•Gypsum Board•Ceramic Tile•Countertops•Cabinetry•Hardware/Metals•Wood Flooring•Wood Moldings & Trim

Gypsum Board Application

Drywall PreparationHanging/FasteningTaping and Finishing

Ceramic Tile

Please refer to your handout

Cabinetry &HardwareWood ThermofoilPainted MDFStainlessVeneer

Materials used for box construction

Wood Moldings and TrimCove moldingsCrown moldingsCornice

Cornice is a molded projection that crowns a wall

Picture molding is a horizontal molding

Rails Plate rail is a narrow shelf

fixed along a wall and grooved to hold plates for ornament or display

Baseboard Baseboards conceal and

finish the joints where sidewalls meet the floors

Molding – Wood/Composite

Cost comparisons of Different materials

Labor costs largely unaffected

Flooring Options (per square foot, installed)

Carpet ($2.00 - $15.00 )Wood ($6.00 - $15.00)Engineered Wood ($4.00 - $18.00)Stone ($8.00 - $50.00)Ceramic/Porcelain ($4.00 - $12.00)Laminate ($3.00 - $7.00)Bamboo ($4.00 - $8.00) Vinyl ($1.00 - $7.00)Linoleum ($2.00 - $9.00)Cork ($3.00 - $7.00)

Source – World Flooring Association

Accessible Design Wider doors Entry without stairs Barrier free shower

Key services on first floor Sinks/Countertops wheelchair friendly

Transfer ledge/grab bars in bathroom

Are You Ready….

It’s time for…


Plumbing Rough In, Connection & Fixtures:

1. Material $18,588, Labor $18,716, Plumbing Total $37,309

2. Material $9,740, Labor $9,080, Plumbing Total $18,820


Heating & Cooling:

1. Material $6,204, Labor $9,305Heating and Cooling Systems Total $15,509

2. Material $20,055, Labor $6,080 Heating and Cooling Systems Total $26,135


Interior Wall Finish:

1. Material $9,605, Labor $14,737Interior Wall Finish Total $24,342

2. Material $2,441, Labor $7,564 Interior Wall Finish Total $10,005

Masonry Fireplace in First Floor Family Room

Brick Fireplace (and Chimney) without a raised hearth. Is the Labor and Material Cost for the Fireplace higher or lower than

$7,250 ??

$12,110


Wiring and Light Fixtures:

1. Labor $9,557, Material $7,739, Total $17,296

2. Labor $4,050, Material $5,752, Total $9,802

Finish Carpentry

Is the Labor and Material Cost for Finish Carpentry higher or lower than

$4,250 ??$9,303

PaintingIs the Labor and Material Cost for Painting higher or lower than

$10,750 ??

$19,052

Finishes (builder grade)

The following are approximate budget guidelines for our New Build:

Cabinets……………….. $17,625Countertops…………… $7,486Flooring………………… $10,343Carpeting………………. $11,567Appliances……………… $7,440Bath Accessories, Tub/Shower Enclosure… $5,885

Are you ready?Let’s play…

What’s HOT…….What’s NOT!!!What’s HOT…….What’s NOT!!!

2016 Building Trends(according to National Association of Home Builders

And National Kitchen & Bath Association)

According to NAHB, what is the biggest change in residential construction?

Homes are getting biggerHomes are getting smaller

What rooms are being left out of home design?3rd bathroomFormal dining RoomMudroom All of the above

What is the number 1 choicefor kitchen flooring?

TileHardwoodTile that looks like hardwoodMarble

What countertop material is most popular?

MarbleWoodGraniteQuartz/Engineered StoneConcreteStainless Steel

What home features are both Boomers and Millenials looking for?

1.Large, spacious interiors2.High Tech features3.Open floor plans4.Outdoor spaces5.Access to shopping6.Located near major highways

What home features are least important to Millenials?

1.Separate Laundry Room2.Walk in closets3.Energy efficiency4.Family Rooms5.Outdoor kitchens

How Much did our New Build Cost???

Subtotal Direct Job Costs

Material ……………………….. $199,228Labor …………………………. $221,048Equipment …………………… $6,903

Total $427,179

The Cost of “Doing Business..”

Indirect Job Costs

Final Cleanup Total ………..$1,760Insurance Total……………..$12,322Permits & Utilities Total…… $7,481Plans & Specs Total……….. $1,760

Total $23,323

Are we going to make any money??

Contractor Markup Total $55,008

Grand Total……$505,510Plus cost of land!

Complete & Ready For Sale

Thank You!!Questions??

www.tigerinspect.com

Thank you!