THE PRICE OF PEACETERRORISM, ECONOMICS AND PEACE PROCESS

IN COLOMBIA

Alvaro Uribe Velez

Defining Peace

Let me start by asking a simple question…what is peace?

If have always believed that peace is clearly defined in the Colombian National seal …Liberty and Order

Peace requires that all of us can exercise our liberties without fear, as long as those liberties do not endanger social order and collective rights

As long as any threat against life, honor and property exists peace and liberties are at risk

The kind of peace I believe

in

Individuals exercise their

liberties

Citizen lives, honor and

property are protected

Justice operates and

sanctions

Criminals are punished for their actions

No Impunity

Terrorism face truth, justice and victim reparation

Defining peace

That was the kind of peace we proposed to the Colombian people through our

Democratic Security Policy…

Defining Peace

Democratic Security

Security for allFight all forms of criminality

Security without Martial

Law

Security with liberties and human rights

protection

Victim recognition and

reparation

We could never talk about peace if we do not insure security and justice in all the regions of our country

The Democratic Security Policy was aimed to reestablish rule of law in the Colombian Territory, while protecting human rights and promoting institutional governance in all our municipalities. For years those territories faced the threat of terrorism

For many years Colombia faced a terrorist

threat

Thousands of kidnappings by FARC, ELN and

AUC

Hundreds of terrorist attacks against national

infrastructure

Thousands of homicides

Blackmailing

Armed blockades

Terrorism characteristics

CharacteristicsTactic used to pressure and intimidate citizen

behavior through fear and uncertainty

Its primary objective are innocent civilians, due to the interest in creating social pressure

Threatens individual liberties

Terrorisms Fundamentals

Terrorism does not stand alone

Drug trafficking

Arms trafficking

Women trafficking

Smuggling

Blackmailing

Kidnapping

Terrorism has motivations

Religious

Ethnic

Political

Terrorism creates a criminal structure

Money Laundering

Document trafficking

Assassinations

Genocide

Torture

Socio Economic effects

September 11 changed the world mentality about

terrorism

Political

The debate between terrorists and insurgents

came to an end

A world diplomacy against terrorism

Sanctions to countries that harbor terrorists

Weakening terrorist groups diplomacy and propaganda

Geopolitical

Afghanistan Intervention

End of the Taliban Regime

Intervention in Irak

NATO involvement

Economic

Terrorist risk is quantified

Corporate contingencies

Insurance industry new products

World security and defense budgets skyrocketed

Migration restrictions

Economic facts…

GDP Vs Income per capita

Increases in the number of terrorist attacks per million habitants reduces

per capita income

Gross capital Formation as % of GDP

An increase in the number of terrorist incidents per million habitants reduces

capital formation as % of GDP

An increase in the amount of fatalities and wounds per every US$ 1000 million of GDP reduces capital

formation as % of GDP

Number of incidents

More terrorist attacks against civilians and their properties affects capital

formation as % of GDP

Terrorism evolution 1968 - 2004 shows

important data…

Our philosophy to fight terrorism in

Colombia

Sources

Crop eradication

Asset confiscation

Money Laundering

controls

Break supply chain

Diplomatic

Terrorist Declaration

International awareness

Denounce countries that

support terrorist groups

Military

Intelligence

Dismantling

Smart weapons

Territorial control

Complementary

Demobilization

Reinsertion

Justice, peace and reparation

Judicial

Extradition

Punishment

Judicial system strengthening

Economic effects of the Democratic Security

Policy

-5

-3

-1

1

3

5

7

9

Real GrowthFuente: DANE

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

19821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010

Colombia GDP Per Capita

Units: US Dollars

Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011 - Gross domestic product per capita, current prices

Economic effects of the Democratic Security

Policy

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%Investment as % of GDP

Fuente: Fondo Monetario Internacional

Economic effects of the Democratic Security

Policy

Reflections about the current peace

process

Peace constitutional

framework

Provides the same treatment to military corps and terrorists

The government has accepted to establish peace dialogues with FARC while terrorist attacks remain

Countries that have supported FARC are currently mediators in the process

Peace constitutional framework

Incubates impunity

Violates international law

ICC Rome Statute -Law 742 de 2002

Convention against torture

Geneva Conventions

U.N Convention against war crimes

AUC Peace Process lessons

LessonsDemobilization and justice not a negotiation

OAS verification

AUC Unilateral cease fire

Incarceration

No political recognition

Justice, peace and

reparations

www.alvarouribevelez.com