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STI SCOREBOARD 2015
INNOVATION FOR GROWTH AND SOCIETY
JAPAN HIGHLIGHTS
Andrew Wyckoff, DirectorOECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation
26 October 2015National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS)Tokyo, Japan
The productivity challenge and the falling working-age population make innovation today’s imperative
THE PRODUCTIVITY CHALLENGE
Labour productivity growth based on hours worked, total economy level, 2001-14
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933272766Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015.
LIVING STANDARDS IN JAPAN ARE WELL BELOW THE TOP HALF OF THE OECD
Source: OECD Economic Survey Japan, April 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933201725
INNOVATION RELIES ON INVESTMENT IN BROADER KNOWLEDGE, BEYOND R&D
Knowledge intensity of business investment, selected EU economies and the United States, 1995-2013
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273008
Frontier technologies and data-driven applications are needed to provide solutions to global challenges
3 TOP PLAYERS IN SELECTED FRONTIER TECHNOLOGIES, 2005-07 AND 2010-12
Economies’ share of IP5 patent families filed at USPTO and EPO, selected technologies
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35%
Advanced materials New generation of ICT-related technologies Health-related technologies 2005-07
4336 41 40
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273474
The research mix: R. versus D. matters and so does government support for long-term, higher-risk research to help tackle global challenges
R&D GROWTH OVER THE BUSINESS CYCLE
Annual real percentage growth rate of R&D, 2008-14
-8
-4
0
4
8
12%
Government R&D budgets GDP
Government-financed R&D expenditures Business-financed R&D expenditures
-8
-4
0
4
8
12%
Government R&D budgets GDP
Government-financed R&D expenditures Business-financed R&D expenditures
-8
-4
0
4
8
12%
Government R&D budgets GDP
Government-financed R&D expenditures Business-financed R&D expenditures
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273253
GOVERNMENT BUDGETS FOR R&D: A DIVERSIFIED PICTURE
G7 and Korea, Index 2008 = 100
Source: OECD Research and Development Database, July 2015. www.oecd.org/sti/rds
Research excellence and frontier innovation are fairly concentrated across countries, institutions and businesses
R&D IN OECD AND KEY PARTNER COUNTRIES, 2013
USA
CHN
JPN
DEU
KOR
FRA
IND
GBR
RUS
BRA
ITA
CANAUS
ESP
SWE
NLD
TUR
CHE
AUT
ISR
BEL
MEX
POL
DNKFIN
CZE
NOR
ZAF
PRT
IRL
HUN
GRC NZL
IDN
SVN
CHL
SVK LUX
ISL
EST
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5Gross domestic expenditures onR&D as a percentage of GDP
Researchers, per thousand employment
R&D expenditures in 2010 USD - constant prices and PPP
1 billion
10 billion
100 billion
BRIICSNorth AmericaEUOther OECD members
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273287
Cumulative percentage shares within the top 2000 R&D companies
TOP 250 R&D COMPANIES ACCOUNT FOR OVER 60% OF GLOBAL BUSINESS R&D, 2012
About 25% of the TOP 100 R&D corporations are located in Japan
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273408
4 PLAYERS IN 50-70% OF HIGH-IMPACT SCIENCE ACROSS ALL DISCIPLINES
Top 4 countries with the largest number of 10% top-cited publications, by field, as % of all top-cited publications by authors in OECD and BRIICS
countries, 2003-12
0
20
40
60
80
100
%
USA GBR CHN DEU BRA CAN ESP AUS FRA IND JPN OTH
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273312
STRENGTHENING INNOVATION AND
COMPETITIVENESS: 5 PILLARS
KNOWLEDGE, TALENT & SKILLS
KNOWLEDGE DIFFUSION
COMPETITIVENESS INNOVATION IN FIRMS
SOCIETY
INVESTING IN WORKERS SKILLS: TRAINING
Investment as a percentage of gross value added by type of trainingEstimating Cross-Country Investment in Training, STI WP 9, 2015
KNOWLEDGE ASSETS IN FIRMS
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
75 69 75 6566 77 70 5662 51 46 34
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
DNK AUS NLD GBR CAN FIN USA DEU KOR JPN FRA ITA
%
Formal only On-the-job only Formal and on-the-job
Percentage of total employed persons receiving training
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273718
THE PREMIUM FROM SCIENTIFIC COLLABORATION
The citation impact of scientific production and the extent of international collaboration, 2003-12
RESEARCH CAPABILITIES
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273878
INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY OF SCIENTIFIC AUTHORS
Difference between annual inflows and outflows of scientific authors, as percentage of cumulative net flows , selected economies,1999-
2013
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015.
RESEARCH CAPABILITIES
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273360
WOMEN IN SCIENCE
Female scientific authors in selected fields, by country, 2011, As a percentage of corresponding authors, estimated shares
RESEARCH CAPABILITIES
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273335
FIRMS TAPPING INTO INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION NETWORKS
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
Firms engaged in international collaboration by firm size, 2010-12, as a percentage of product and/or process innovative firms in each size
category
INNOVATION IN FIRMS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
%
Large firms SMEs
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932891416
ENGAGING IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN
Foreign value added shares in exports by source region, 2011 As a percentage of total exports
COMPETING IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933274544
GLOBAL OR REGIONAL VALUE CHAINS?Value added needed to satisfy final regional demand for Computer,
electronic and optical equipment products
0102030405060708090
100
1995 2011 1995 2011 1995 2011
NAFTA Europe East andSoutheast Asia
%
Intra-regional NAFTAEurope East and Southeast AsiaRest of the world
Inter-regional
050
100150200250300350400450500
1995 2011
East and SoutheastAsia
JPN KORCHN TWNASEAN
USD billion
Intra-regional: East and Southeast Asia
020406080
100120140160180
1995 2011
Europe
FRA DEUITA GBREU13 Other
USD billion
Intra-regional: Europe
COMPETING IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933273179
a long shelf life!
R&D tax incentivesCountry notes
Science and research today
Interactive charts
www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, INDUSTRY SCOREBOARD 2015
INNOVATION FOR GROWTH AND SOCIETY
http://www.oecd.org/sti/rd-tax-stats.htm
THEMATIC BRIEFS
THEMATIC COUNTRY NOTES
COUNTRY NOTES
http://www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard-2015-interactive-charts.htm
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, INDUSTRY SCOREBOARD 2015
INNOVATION FOR GROWTH AND SOCIETY
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