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IDENTIFY WORKPLACE
PRESENTATIONS
Informative presentations:
Instruct
Describe
Clarify
Persuasive presentations:
Convince
Reinforce
Actuate
PREVIEW PREPARATION
STEPS Determine the general purpose.
Determine the specific purpose.
Analyze the audience.
Identify the central idea.
Identify the main points.
Gather supporting materials.
Organize the outline.
Rehearse the presentation.
THE SPECIFIC PURPOSE
The specific purpose identifies the desired
audience response at the end of the
presentation, e.g.:
“At the end of my presentation, half of my
audience will sign up for the
assertiveness workshop next
Wednesday.”
THE CENTRAL IDEA
Is a complete sentence, not a phrase or clause,
Expresses a single idea,
Provides both a specific subject and a clear
focus for your talk,
Is a declarative statement, not a question,
Example:
“Learning to communicate assertively can help
you reduce workplace conflicts.”
THE MAIN POINTS
…develop the central idea,
…are stated in sentence form,
…contain only one idea per point,
…are stated in parallel form,
…should be between 3 and 5 per speech,
THE RISK OF GETTING E.COLI BACTERIA FROM FOOD
CAN BE REDUCED.
NON PARALLEL PARALLEL
Keeping yourself clean in the kitchen is the first step toward reducing the risk of E. coli.
The second step toward reducing E. coli bacteria is to cook properly.
E. coli can be reduced by properly storing the product when you are done using it.
Keeping yourself clean in the kitchen is the first step toward reducing the risk of E. coli.
Cooking properly is the second step toward reducing the risk of E. coli.
Storing products properly is the third step toward reducing the risk of E. coli .
EXAMPLES
Typical instances used to clarify a point
Work particularly well when used in
groups of two or more
Example: “Aerobic exercise can include walking, biking, and swimming.”
STATISTICS
Valid, reliable data presented fairly.
Document both source and date.
Round off statistics rather than present exact numbers.
Dramatize the significance by applying statistics to audience.
Display statistics visually with charts, graphs, and slides.
ILLUSTRATIONS
Extended, detailed examples that amplify the point.
Accounts with personal appeal that include names, dates, and specifics.
Factual stories (illustrations) help to prove by showing what really happened.
Hypothetical stories (illustrations) help to visualize by projecting what will likely happen.
Anecdotes employ humorous stories to illustrate the point.
COMPARISONS
Discuss similarities.
Figurative comparisons explain the unknown in terms of the known.
Literal comparisons show similarities between two items of the same class.
Similarities of figurative comparisons should be obvious.
Contrasts point out the differences between two items of the same class.
THE TRANSITIONS
Words work for transitions: For example: “next,” “also,” “second,” “finally”
Phrases also make transitions:“After you gather the materials, ….”
Sentences work for transitions:Partial summaries review one or more points.
GAIN ATTENTION BY…
Telling a story or anecdote
Appealing to curiosity or humor
Using a startling statement
Sharing a hypothetical story
Providing a quotation
Offering a prediction
Asking rhetorical question(s)
Referring to the audience and/or the occasion
THE BODY
Include 3–5 main points.
State the main points as parallel
sentences.
Incorporate verbal supports.
Link supports with transitions.
TYPES OF CONCLUDING
REMARKS
Quotation
Brief illustration
Provocative question
Humorous anecdote
Appeal for action
REHEARSE DELIVERY
Develop a speaking outline.
Practice out loud.
Practice in front of an audience.
Pay attention to voice.
Pay attention to body.
Cope with nervousness.