Renewable energies in Spain and in Renewable energies in Spain and in the Worldthe World

Development and possibilities for international Development and possibilities for international cooperationcooperation

PEDRO L. MARÍNPEDRO L. MARÍNApril 2011April 2011

Oil price evolution 1994-2011

0,00

20,00

40,00

60,00

80,00

100,00

120,00

140,00

160,00

1/1/199

4

1/1/199

5

1/1/199

6

1/1/199

7

1/1/199

8

1/1/199

9

1/1/200

0

1/1/200

1

1/1/200

2

1/1/200

3

1/1/200

4

1/1/200

5

1/1/200

6

1/1/200

7

1/1/200

8

1/1/200

9

1/1/201

0

1/1/201

1

Source: Platts

$/Bb

l

International energy trends (I)International energy trends (I)

2

Oil price volatility and high growth during the last years have had a negative impact on domestic economies

International energy trends (II)International energy trends (II)

3

Participación en el incremento del consumo de energía primaria

48,7%

43,7%

11,1%

89,9%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

OECD

Emergentes

OECD

Emergentes

Fuente: SEE.

Período 1995-2009

Período 1965-1995

Share in primary energy consumption growth

1995-2009

1965-1995

89.9%

10.1%

43.7%

48.7%

Emerging

Emerging

OECD

OECD

Source: MITYC, Spain

Emerging

OECD

Emerging countries need to increase their energy supply to sustain the growth of their economies

GHG Emissions Distribution by sector

International energy trends(& III)International energy trends(& III)

4

Energy

Land use

Agriculture

Wastage

Source: Stern report 2006

Climate change challenges require the use of clean energy sources

5

Competitiveness

Environmental targets

Security of supply

Current energy challengesCurrent energy challenges

6

From geographical concentration, scarcity and global trade flows to local, inexhaustible production and regional interconnections

Renewable energy: security of supplyRenewable energy: security of supply

World Potential Renewable EnergyWind Energy Biomass

Solar EnergyHydroelectricity

7

Renewable energy sources are emissions-free

Carbon content96

73

51

00

1020

3040506070

8090

100

Coal Oil Natural Gas Renewable Energy

kg C

O2

per

TJ

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy

RRenewable energy: climate changeenewable energy: climate change

8

Sharp cost reductions have been seen recently and more are expected over the next years

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Coste de generación eléctrica (c€2010 / kWh)

Año de puesta en marchaFV Tejado

FV Suelo

Eólica offshore

Eólica onshore (rango de vientos bajo, medio e intenso)

Solar termoeléctrica

Cost evolution (c€2010/KWh)

CSPPV roof

Off-shore wind

On-shore wind

PV ground

Year starting operationsSource: BCG

Renewable energy: competitiveness (I)Renewable energy: competitiveness (I)

9

Even now, renewable energies are competitive in isolated systems

Renewable energy: competitiveness (& II)Renewable energy: competitiveness (& II)

Isle of Cabrera , Balearic Islands, Spain

Renewable energy in Spain: deploymentRenewable energy in Spain: deployment

10

Renewable Electricity Capacity

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

MW

inst

alle

d

Wind PV CSP BiomassThe plans for Spain in 2020 go beyond the 20% set for Spain within the European Package of Energy and Climate

Renewable energy share on: 2005 2010

Total Energy Consumption 6.5% 13.2%

Electricity generation 14.9% 33.3%

Transportation 0.8% 5.0%

- Dependency has fallen 2 percentage points from 2005 (79%) to 2009 (77,2%).

- Forecasted reduction is 0.5 p.p. per year till 2020, reaching 70%.

Dependencia energética

70%

72%

74%

76%

78%

80%

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

% e

nerg

ía p

rim

aria

de

fuen

tes

impo

rtad

as

Fuente: SEE.Previs iones a partir de 2010

Renewable energy in Spain: results (I)Renewable energy in Spain: results (I)

11

Energy dependency

Dependency

Emissions reduction

12

- Energy total GHG emissions have fallen by 15% since 2005

- Emissions per produced GWh in electricity generation have fallen from 407 ton CO2 in 2005 to the current 281

CO2-Emissions from power generation

407

370 37

8

323

303

281

250270290310330350370390410430

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010*

tCO

2 /

GW

h

Source: MITYC. * Forecast

Renewable energy in Spain: results (& II)Renewable energy in Spain: results (& II)

13

Several features are stopping the deployment of renewable energies in the World:

Large upfront Large upfront investmentinvestment

Positive Positive environmental environmental externalitiesexternalities

Knowledge Knowledge intensive intensive

sectorsectorTechnological Technological changechange

IRENA’s missionIRENA’s mission

Financial schemes

IRENA’s missionIRENA’s mission

14

Regulatory design

Technical skills

Capacity building

Replicable projects

Technology transfer

Policy advice to Member States

Prospective analysis

Current situation

Information

IRENA: resultsIRENA: results

15

Sharp cost reduction due to massive deployment

Worldwide access to

energy

Supply of additional demand

Renewable energies in Spain and in Renewable energies in Spain and in the Worldthe World

Development and possibilities for international Development and possibilities for international cooperationcooperation

PEDRO L. MARÍNPEDRO L. MARÍNApril 2011April 2011