PHILIPPINE LITERATUREDURING THE ENLIGHTENMENT

PERIOD

ENLIGHTENMENT • is an 18th century intellectual movement in

Western Europe that emphasized reason and science in philosophy

and the study of human culture and the natural world.

• In the Philippines, it mirrored the Filipinos’ desire for reforms.

• Journalist, orator from Iloilo• Pen name: Diego Laura

Wrote FRAY BOTOD• Went to Spain in 1879 to flee the wrath of

the Spanish friars• Died of tuberculosis in Barcelona on

January 20, 1896

GRACIANO LOPEZ - JAENA

LA SOLIDARIDAD - official newspaper of the Propaganda Movement

• Aims:Philippines be a province of Spain

Representation in the CortesSecularization of parishes

Freedom of assembly and speechEqual rights before the law

MARCELO H. DEL PILAR • Writer, journalist, satirist,

revolutionary leader, Illustrado• Editor of Diariong Tagalog• Went to Spain in 1889 to flee

from the Spanish friars and authorities• Died of tuberculosis in

Barcelona on July 4, 1896

• Father of Philippine Masonry• LegacySamahang Plaridel (a fellowship

of journalists and other communicators that aims to propagate Marcelo H. Del Pilar’s ideals)

• Pen names:Plaridel, Dolores

Manapat, Piping Dilat, Pupdoh, Kupang, Siling Labuyo, Maitalaga, L.O. Crame, Carmelo

• Works:Dasalan at TocsohanKaiigat KayoSagot sa Espanya sa Hibik

ng Pilipinas

DR. JOSE P. RIZAL

• Poet, essayist, diarist, correspondent, novelist• Pen names:Laong Laan, Dimasalang• Works:Noli me TangereEl Filibusterismo

ANTONIO LUNA

• General, doctor, pharmacist, journalist• Pen names: Tabing-Ilog• Works:La Independencia (four-

page daily newspaper)

MARIANO PONCE

• Physician, writer• Pen names: Naning, Kalipulako, tikbalang • Works:Efemeridas Filipinas (1914)Documentos Filipinas (1916)La Provincia Bulacan(1917)Wika at Lahi (1917)

PEDRO PATERNO

• Politician, poet, novelist, lawyer• Pen name: Justo Desiderio Magalang• Works:Ninay (1885) – the first social novel

in Spanish by a FilipinoSampaguitas y otras poesias varias

(Jasmines and other Poems) (1880)

JOSE MARIA PANGANIBAN

• Doctor, journalist, orator• Pen name:Jomapa, J.M.P.• Works: Anatomia de Regines Ang Lupang Tinubuan