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Politics And Governance Subject
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BY: Jocelyn M. Gallegos
What principles underlie state policy in the Philippines?
What is the content of Article II of the 1987 Philippine Constitution?
How should Article II of the Constitution be understood?
Composed of 28 sections Sections 1 through 6 discuss state principles
Sections 7 through 28 outline state policies
PRINCIPLESPRINCIPLES
Republican democracy› Democracy = periodic elections, etc.› Republicanism = rule through elected
representatives› Overriding principle:
“Sovereignty resides in the people.”
Renunciation of war and commitment to international law› Philippines cannot declare war on another
country (offensive)› The country can only declare an existing state
of war (defensive)› International law forms part of the country’s
own laws
Supremacy of civilian authority› Civilian authority takes precedence over
military authority› The President is the Commander in Chief of
the Armed Forces› The Armed Forces exist to protect the
people and the state
The prime duty of government is to serve and protect the people
Separation of Church and State› The government cannot establish, endorse or
favor any religion› This separation shall be inviolable
POLICIESPOLICIES
Pursuit of an independent foreign policy Recognition of local government
autonomy Equal access to public service Guarantee for human rights Non-absolute ban on nuclear weapons in
the national territory
Preference for private-sector led economic development› Principle of subsidiarity
Safeguarding of labor rights Rural development and agrarian reform Commitment to social justice
› “Preferential option for the poor”
Respect for the sanctity of the family, protection of the unborn and support for youth development › Prohibition on divorce› Prohibition on abortion
Safeguarding of the rights of indigenous communities
Dedication to maintaining the integrity of the public service› Taking measures against graft and corruption
Freedom of information› Full public disclosure of government
transactions involving the public interest
Prohibition of political dynasties› To ensure equal access to public service› As defined by law
Encourage the development of civil society
- end - end --