White Dove Community Care Inc - HIV 101 Module

I. DEFINITION OF TERMS - What is HIV - What is AIDS - What is the difference of HIV and AIDS - What is STI

II. SHORT HISTORY OF HIV/AIDS in the Philippines III. WHAT ARE THE MODES OF TRANSMITTION OF HIV/AIDS IV. PRINCIPLES OF TRANSMISSION V. HOW TO AVOID GETTING INFECTED VI. WHY IS GETTING TESTED SO IMPORTANT VII. WHAT IS RA 8504

Out of 186 reporting countries, the Philippines is ONE of the 6 Countries with highest increase in HIV reported cases amongst adults 15–49 years old from 2001-2014

Source: Global Report UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic | 2012

Increasing >25 %StableDecreasing <25%Insufficient data

Almost 4 million PLHIV in South and SE Asia

As much as 38 million PLHIV around the world

• 1984 :first reported Filipino HIV case

• 52,993 :projected Number of People Living with HIV by the end of 2015

• 30,356 :total Reported Cases from 1984 to December 2015

• 27,804 :HIV cases • 2,552 :AIDS cases • 8,094 (28%) :Young people 15-24 years

oldHIV Data Sources:Philippine HIV/AIDS Registry (as of February 2015)Philippine Integrated HIV Behavioral & Serological SurveillanceEPP/Spectrum, UNAIDS Software

Quick Glance at the Philippines HIV Profile

The Growing Challenge on HIV

17 Filipinos reported to be infected for life per day

2014:

2015 : 1 infection per hour


2013:


2012:

2 Filipinos reported to be infected for life per day2009:

1 Filipino reported to be infected for life per day2007:

HIV & AIDS NEC DATA

DEFINITION OF TERMS•What is HIV•What is AIDS•What is the difference of HIV and AIDS

•What is STI

What is HIV?• H - Human which means that this virus can only infect

human beings.• I - Immuno-deficiency which means that the effect of the

virus is to create a deficiency, or a failure to work properly, within the body’s immune system.

• V- Virus which means that this organism is a virus, which got one characteristics that it is incapable of reproducing by itself. It reproduces by taking over the machinery of the human cell.

• HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.

Inside the body, HIV at work

• HIV attaches to host cell• HIV enters host cell• Viral DNA is formed• Viral DNA integrates• Viral RNA makes proteins• New HIV forms (buds)• New HIV released

What is AIDS?• A -Acquired which means that it is a condition one must acquire

or get infected with; not something transmitted through the genes.

• I -Immuno which means that it affects the body’s immune system, the part of the body which usually works to fight off germs such as bacteria and viruses.

• D - Deficiency which means that it makes the immune system deficient (makes it not work properly)

• S - Syndrome which means someone with AIDS may experience a wide range of different diseases and opportunistic infections.

• AIDS is caused by several Opportunistic Infections.

Progression from HIV to AIDS

What are Opportunistic Infections?

In our bodies, we carry many germs -- bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. When our immune system is working, it controls these germs. But when the immune system is weakened by HIV disease or by some medications, these germs can get out of control and cause health problems.Infections that take advantage of weakness in the immune defenses are called "opportunistic." The phrase "opportunistic infection" is often shortened to "OI."

What are Opportunistic Infections?

Lung infection (ex. TB)

Fungal infections Swollen lymph nodes

Kaposi’ssarcoma, shingles

What is STI?

Sexually Transmissible Infection (STI)is an infection that can be passed on through vaginal, anal or oral sex. Most STIs are transmitted through the exchange of sexual fluids, but some can be passed on through skin to skin genital contact.

Trichomonas Genital herpes

Genital warts

Genital

molluscum

HIV

Hepatitis B & C*

Gonorrhea

Syphilis

Chlamydia

Chancroid

ProtozoalViralBacterial

Candidiasis

Skin ParasitesFungal

Pubic Lice Scabies

passed on by close body contact & do not require actual penetrative intercourse

Common Sexually Transmitted Infections


Gonorrhea

Syphilis

Chlamydia

Chancroid


Herpes

WartsMolluscum

HIVHepatitis B and C


Candidiasis Pubic Lice

Scabies

Trichomonas

Reminders on STI and HIV Management• Every sexual activity is exposure to a variety of possible

infections.

• Co-infections and multiple infections are common.

• Some infections may present symptoms, others may not.

• People with STI and/or HIV who don’t have symptoms are still infectious.

HIV is transmitted sexuallyHIV attacks the immune systemHIV infection has a long asymptomatic period (no showing any symptoms)

HIV infection has no cure (but has treatment)

SHORT HISTORY OF HIV/AIDS in the Philippines

Modes of HIV Transmission

Sexual Contact(Penetrative Unprotected Sex)


Infected Blood and blood products(Blood transfusion from an HIV-infected donor &

sharing of infected syringes and needles)


Mother to Child(From an HIV-infected mother to her child)

During pregnancy natural delivery breast-feeding

BODY FLUIDwith Concentration of HIV

4BLOODSEMEN

BREAST MILK

VAGINAL FLUID

PRINCIPLES OF HIV TRANSMISSIONEXITWhere the virus leaves the body (blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk)

SURVIVALThe ability of the virus or microorganism to thrive in an environment

SUFFICIENCY OF QUANTITYThe amount of virus or microorganism sufficient to cause infection

ENTRYWhere the virus enters the body (lining of the vagina, rectum, opening of the urethra in males, wounds or breaks in the skin) 4

HOW TO AVOID GETTING INFECTEDABSTINENCE: Do not have sex. In the case of adolescents, delaying sexual debut (age of first sexual encounter) will help.

BE monogamous: Have ONE sexual partner

Correct and consistent use of CONDOM and safer sex practices

DO NOT inject DrugsAvoid intoxication from drugs or alcohol

Education & Early detectionEquip with the right knowledge to protect oneself from HIV 5

HIV is NOT Transmitted through these…

The Philippine AIDS Prevention and control act of 1998 (AIDS LAW)

R.A. 8504

WHAT IS RA 8504?• In 1998, Republic Act (R.A.) No. 8504 or the Philippine AIDS Prevention and

Control Act of 1998 was passed into law, mandating the promulgation of policies and prescription of measures for HIV prevention and control in the country, putting into place a nationwide information and educational program, setting up a comprehensive AIDS monitoring system, and strengthening the PNAC.

• In 1999, the PNAC developed the 3rd AIDS Medium Term Plan (AMTP), covering the year 2000 to 2005. The Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) for R.A. 8504 were also drafted and approved. Collaboration with the Philippine Information Agency on an STI/AIDS mass media campaign as well as with NGOs targeting vulnerable groups was strengthened; and the AIDS monument was unveiled. Manila hosted the ASEAN GO/NGO Community Partnership on AIDS Prevention Education and Treatment on November 20-22.

• As the century came to a close in 2000 the Philippines published its First HIV and AIDS Country Profile.

WHAT IS RA 8504?Education and Information

Safe Practice and Procedure

Testing, Screaning and Counseling- Voluntary- Pre & Post Test

counseling

Health and Support Services

Monitoring

Confidentiality

PNAC (Philippine

National AIDS Council)

Discrimanatory Acts and Policies

WHY IS GETTING TESTED SO IMPORTANT?• You may live only for about 10 years because you are not

tested and treated• Most people will suffer with many illnesses• You may pass HIV to your loved ones without knowing it• Worst of all when you die your child may not have

anyone to look after them• You can get medicines called ARVs (Anti Retro Viral) that

can help you live much longer and help decrease the spread of HIV to others

HIV Testing Process

Clients Profile

Pre test Counseling

Blood Extraction

Release of the Result

a. NON-REACTIVE- release result with post test counseling

b. Reactive –or confirmatory withintwo weeks

c. Release of Positive result with post-test counselingwith referral to medical specialist and treatment hub

mayHIVkayaako?

Nakipag-sex nang walang proteksyon sa iba’t ibang kapareha

May kapareha na nakikipag-sex din sa iba nang walang proteksyon

Nakipag-sex sa kapwa lalaki Nagkaroon na ng tulo o iba pang sexually

transmitted infection Nagturok ng droga gamit ang karayom na

nagamit na ng iba Nasalinan ng dugo na hindi sigurado ang

pinanggalinganKung isa sa mga ito ay aking nagawa,

dapat na akong MAGPA-TEST

[email protected](63) 929-1559912 / (63) 977-2505066

Healthcare

White Dove Community Care Inc - HIV 101 Module