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SUBCELLULAR ORGANELLES
Dr. Vijay Marakala, MBBS, MD.
Assistant professor BIOCHEMISTRY SIMS & RC
CYTOPLASM AND ITS ORGANELLES
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus Mitochondria
Lysosomes Peroxisomes
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM• Network of interconnecting membranes
Rough ER Smooth ER
Rough ER Smooth ER
FUNCTION OF ER
Ribosomes are the site of Protein synthesis
Site of post-translational modifications of proteins
ROUGH ER Steroid
hormone synthesis
Site of metabolism of certain drugs
SMOOTH ER
RIBOSOMES
Made up of proteins and rRNA.
Either attached to ER or float freely in the cytoplasm.
Consisting of two subunits- large and small subunits.
GOLGI APPARATUS
Network of flattened smooth membranes and vesicles.
Golgi Apparatus
Function:
Maturation of synthesized proteins.
Protein sorting, packaging and secretion
LYSOSOMES
Lysosome
They are spherical membrane bound structure containing hydrolytic enzymes
Function
Intracellular digestion of macromolecules, phagocytosis, receptor mediated endocytosis.
Degradation of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides
Lysosomes
PEROXISOMES
Peroxisomes are granular matrix.
They contain peroxidases and
catalases
Detoxification : destroy unwanted
peroxides and other free radicals.
MITOCHONDRIA
Power House of Cell
Erythrocytes do not contain mitochondria.
Mitochondria also contains specific DNA
MITOCHONDRIA
MITOCHONDRIA
FUNCTIONS Inner mitochondrial
membrane is involved in the production of ATP.
Mitochondrial matrix is the site of metabolic reactions
NUCLEUS
Mature RBC contain no nucleus
Function:
Replication
Transcription