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Some concepts on health
DR. S. A. RIZWAN, M.D.,Assistant Professor
Department of Community MedicineVMCHRI, Madurai
First things first…
Agara mudhala ezhuthellam aadhi bhagavan mudhatrey ulagu.
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How not to sit in class3/55
How to encourage the teacher
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Recap…
Introduction to community medicine History of medicine – various civilizations, various
concepts Definition of health
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Learning objectives
At the end of this class, you should be able to Describe the key concepts of
health discussed here Describe how they may be
useful in understanding ‘health’ as a whole
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Topics to be covered
Health is a relative concept Positive health Dimensions of health Determinants of health
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Health is a relative concept
Its different !!
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What do you mean by relative? (ஒப்பீட்டளவில்)
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What do you mean by relative?
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Health is perceived differently by different people
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Different standards are required
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Summary
Every country has to set its own health standards based on its situation
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Questions…
What is the normal birth weight range of an Indian new born and American new born?
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Positive health
It is a mirage !!
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What is positive health?16/55
What is positive health?17/55
Summary
“Perfect functioning” of the body and mind, biologically, psychologically, socially
Slightly ridiculous Health a potentiality - the ability to
modify in the face of changing conditions of life
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Questions…
Can positive health be achieved for all members of the community?
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Dimensions of health
Health is not only physical fitness
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What is multi-dimensional? ( பரிமாணபல)
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Health is multidimensional22/55
Physical dimension23/55
Mental dimension24/55
Emotional dimensional25/55
Spiritual dimension26/55
Social dimension27/55
Vocational dimension28/55
Other dimensions29/55
Summary
Health has to achieved in all/most dimensions to say that a person or community is truly healthy
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Questions…
Pravin, a BE graduate remains unemployed even after several job interviews.
He became depressed. He stopped talking with his friends and spent most of his time alone. He lost faith in everything.
Due to this he became very weak and was admitted to the hospital.
Which dimensions of health are not optimally functioning in Pravin?
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Determinants of health
Health is multi-factorial
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Determinants of health33/55
Determinants of health
Socio-econom-
ics40%
Behaviours30%
Genetics10%
Environment10%
Health care10%
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Determinants of health35/55
Biology – genetics36/55
Ageing37/55
Gender38/55
Behaviour – lifestyle39/55
Environment
Internal / external Micro / macro Physical, biological, social, economic
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Internal vs. external environ.41/55
Physical environment42/55
Biological & social environ.43/55
Socio-economic – income44/55
Socio-economic – education45/55
Socio-economic – occupation46/55
Socio-economic – politics47/55
Health services48/55
Summary
Health is determined by numerous factors, not just bacteria or genes!
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Questions…
South Sudan is an African country. It is currently undergoing civil war. There is no
stable government. There is water and food scarcity. Many people are migrating to other countries. Many people are internally displaced. Infections like cholera are spreading.
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Questions…51/55
Questions…52/55
Questions…53/55
Questions…
What factors are determining the current health situation in Sudan?
Can you rank them in order of importance?
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Take home messages
1. Health means different things to different people and cultures, but basic needs are similar
2. Positive health concept is ideal but impractical
3. Health has many dimensions4. Health is determined by numerous factors
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