Sources: Notes 1, 2 and 3: Public Health Leadership Society. (2002). Principles of the ethical practice of public health. [Pamphlet] Retrieved from http://www.apha.org/NR/rdonlyres/1CED3CEA-287E-4185-9CBD-BD405FC60856/0/ethicsbrochure.pdf pages 5 and 7; Notes 4, 5 and 6: Powers, M., & Faden, R. R. (2006). Social justice : The moral foundations of public health and health policy. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press pages 82, 85, and 86-7.

“Public health professionals who, by virtue of their professional roles, are in a position to know when injustices with respect to health are occurring and why, have at very least a duty to share that knowledge with others. The institutional changes required to redress injustice in the real world often require the awakening of the consciences of large numbers of people, or at least large numbers of people in positions of influence.”6

“…any society that fails to ensure for its members the conditions necessary to achieve a sufficient level of health is an unjust society that in our view has violated a basic human right.”5

“Public health should advocate and work for the empowerment of disenfranchised community members, aiming to ensure that the basic resources and conditions necessary for health are accessible to all.”3

“What the Institute of Medicine defines as the purpose of public health—bringing about the conditions necessary for people to be healthy—is precisely what we understand to be one of the direct requirements of social justice.” 4

“Identifying and promoting the fundamental requirements for health in a community are of primary concern to public health. The way in which a society is structured is reflected in the health of a community. The primary concern of public health is with these underlying structural aspects. While some important public health programs are curative in nature, the field as a whole must never lose sight of underlying causes and prevention. Because fundamental social structures affect many aspects of health, addressing the fundamental causes rather than more proximal causes is more truly preventive.” 2

“Humans have a right to the resources necessary for health. The Public Health Code of Ethics affirms Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states in part “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and his family…” 1

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