Upload
md-specialclass
View
24
Download
7
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
Pathology Lab 3rd Dec’09
Last practical of 1st SemesterSlides for finals
Ravi A Patel
Leprosy of Skin
Acute Appendicitis
Meningitis (In given slide meningitis is around Cerebellum)
Lung Abscess
Viral Hepatitis
Intestinal amoebiasis
Schistosoma Ova (Schistosoma japonicum)
Wilm’s Tumor
Lobar Pneumonia(bacterial)
Viral Pneumonia
M++
EpidermisDermis
Causative organism- Mycobacterium leprae
Organs affected- Skin and Peripheral nerves--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **** Granulomatous formation – In upper dermis layer ****Foam cells harbouring the organism ****Fibrosis
Observation :---
LPO
Granulomas
LPO
Granuloma
HPO
Foam cells– Modified macrophagesso called because of foamy cytoplasm
HPO
Dark Stained are lymphocytes
Fibrosis
Mucosa
SubmucosaTunica muscularis
Tunica Serosa
Primary casue - 80% Obstruction of lumen producing increased pressure with compression of blood vessels and ischemia.
Secondary cause- bacterial infection and pus formation (suppurative exudates)
Observation ***** PMNs – mainly neutrophil infiltration in muscularis
LPO
Lumen
Mucosal layer
LPO
Tunica muscularis
Wtih infiltrationOf neutrophils
LPO
Blood vessel with clot within
LPO
Lymph nodules
HPO
PMNs ---- Mostly Neutrophils inTunica muscularis layer
Section taken from cerebellum
Molecular layer of cerebellarcortex
Granular layerOf cerebellar cortex Medullary
Layer of cerebellum
Meningeal layer* Site of Meningitis
Causative organism:- Pnemococcus
Observation **** Subarachnoid space filled with suppurative exudates(pus) **** Presence of Neutrophils confirmed in exudates in HPO
LPO
bloodVessels congestedBy the exudatesSurrounding them
Suppurativeexudates
LPO
Congested blood vessel
LPO
Suppurative exudates
LPO
bloodVessels congestedBy the exudatesSurrounding them
Suppurativeexudates
HPO
Blood vessel surrounded byThe exudates
HPO
Predominant NeutrophilsIn exudate
HPOPredominant NeutrophilsIn exudate
HPO Predominant NeutrophilsIn exudate
• Liquefactive type of necrosis• When this necrotic tissue is absorbed from the
organ a cystic space is produced
• Observation ** Total digestion of lung tissue ** Granular debris
** Lymphocyte in filtration
LPO
There is total destruction of lung tissue As observed in these slides the debris of Dead tissue
HPO
Granular debris
Neutrophil infiltrates
HPO
Neutrophil infiltrates
• Morphologic changes in acute and chronic phase of viral hepatitis are the same.
• Slide is in acute phase
• Observation ***Lobular dissray ***Cell necrosis in portal area
***Mononuclear infiltrate in portal areas and sinusoids
Viral Hepatitis
LPOWe might mistake it as lung Abscess if given in low poweras this one
Central vein
illustration of lobular rays in normal liverWhere in the sinusoids(draining to central vein) seems to form rays aroundThe central vein
LPO Lobular dissray- hard to distinguish sinusoids
HPO
HepatocytesSeems to have Undergone cytolysis
Swollen hepatocyte In Viral hepatitis Some cells get swollenAnd some undergo cytolysis
MonnuclearCells infiltrate insinusoids
HPO
Infiltrates inThe sinusoids
HPO
Mononuclear cell infiltrated in the portal area
PV
HA
BD
Lymphatic vessel
Id space : Hepatic sinusoid
Normal Liver
Portal Area
HPO
There is cell necrosis in portal area---
Portal area in normal liver
Portal area in liver with Viral hepatitis showingViral hepatitis
• Causative organism- Entamoeba histolytica• Infective stage of organism- Cyst• Pathologic state of Organism- Trophozoite• Observation *** Cyst
*** Trophozoites *** Mononuclear infiltrates
Intestinal Amoebiasis
LPO
Area where in the mucosa is Ulcerated because of the Proteolytic invasion by trophozoites
HPO
Trophozoites harbouringRBC
Mononuclear infiltrates
HPO
Trophozoites
HPO
Cysts– because it doesnothave RBC within the cytolasm
One pointed is a trophozoite
HPOIdentify Trophozoites and cysts in this slide
HPO
Mononuclear Infiltrates
Schistosoma ova
• Organism- Blood fluke (Schistosoma japonicum)
LPO
HPO
HPO
HPO
HPO
HPO
• Wilm’s tumour is a common primary tumour of childhood.
• Observation *** Area of tumour *** Immature tubules and glomerulus
*** Sphindle shaped cells *** Dark stained cells
Wilm’s Tumour
LPO
Sphindle shaped cells
There are attempts to form tubules and Glomerulus but they are immature
HPO
Blastemal component
Immature glomerulusand tubules surroundingthem
Sphindle shaped cells
HPO
Immature glomerulusand tubules in high power
HPO
Sphindle shaped cells In high power
HPOObservation slide
HPO
Blastemal component
Lobar Pneumonia
Pneumonia- Inflammation of the lung parenchyma when it affects a part of a lobe it is designated ad lobar
Bacterial in origin
Observation *** Lung alveoli filled with fibrino-purulent exudates *** Congested alveolar walls
*** In HPO there is fibroblasts growing into exudates
LPO
Lung Alveoli
Lung alveoli filled with purulentexudates
LPO
Lung alveoli filled with Purulent exudates
HPO
Congested alveolar wall
There is fibrosis in the alveoli Along with purulent exudate (at the pointer)
HPO
Purulent exudate in High power shows presence of neutrophils
HPO
Fibrosis in high power along with neutrophils
HPO Scanty Neutrophils and at the pointeris the congested alveolar wall
Hallmark :- Inflammation in the interstitium and septa but the alveolar spaces are very clear meaning there is no exudate in the space as compared to the bacterial pneumonia.
Viral Pneumonia
LPO Observe clear alveolar spaces withoutExudates, but the alveolar walls are edematous
LPO Patchy Inflammation of the Interstitium and Septa
Mononuclear infiltrates in alveolar wall
LPO
Mononuclear infiltrates inThe alveolar walls
Edematous walls
HPO
Compare the alveolar walls with the normal onesTo appreciate the edema in the viral Pneumonia
Mononuclear infiltrates in alveolar wall
HPO Observation Slide
Differentiating Viral and Bacterial Pneumonia
LPO
Exudates in Alveolar spaces No exudates in the alveolar space, butPatchy inflammtion and edema in The alveolar walls
Thanking to the entire Universe