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Amalina Aminuddin 082012100067
Ultrasonography
Applications
Obstetric GynecologyAbdomenNeck
CONTENTS
OBSTERTRIC
Gestational sac-5 weeks Mean Sac Diameter: 2-3 mm
Yolk sac -5 weeks Circular anechoic
structure within gestational sac, but outside the amniotic membrane
Fetal pole and cardiac activity -6weeks Thickening on the margin of
the yolk sac . Cardiac activity detected when
fetal pole measures ≥7 mm. Location and number of fetus
1.CONFIRMATION OF PREGNANCY
• In first trimester :•Miscarriage • Blighted ovum
• Molar pregnancy• Snowstorm appearance
Ectopic pregnancy• Absence of intrauterine
pregnancy with positive pregnancy test• Adnexal mass separated from
the ovary
2. VAGINAL BLEEDING IN PREGNANCY
• In second and third trimester :• Placenta previa • Placenta abruptio
2. VAGINAL BLEEDING IN PREGNANCY
The Crown-rump length 6-13 weeks gestational age
Femur length ,biparietal diameter, head circumference and abdominal circumference Shepard’s formula Hadlock’s formula
3.GESTATIONAL AGE AND FETAL WEIGHT
Before 20 weeks
4. FETAL MALFORMATION DETECTION
Polyhydramnios AFI >24 cmLargest vertical pocket >8cm
Oligohydramnios AFI <5cmLargest vertical pocket <2cm
5. AMNIOTIC FLUID ASSESSMENT
GYNECOLOGY
To assess pelvic organs,To diagnose and manage
gynecologic problems including endometriosis, leiomyoma, adenomyosis, ovarian cysts and lesions,
To diagnose gynecologic cancer
GYNECOLOGICAL USES
ABDOMEN
Abdominal ultrasound imaging is performed to evaluate the: Kidneys Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Spleen Abdominal aorta and other blood
vessels of the abdomenCan be diagnostic or therapeutic
ABDOMINAL USG
NECK
Indications for head and neck ultrasound examinations : Salivary glands; Lymph nodes; Congenital lesions; Miscellaneous mass lesions; Infection and trauma; Endocrine
HEAD AND NECK USG
DC Dutta Textbook of obstetricshttp://www.aium.org/resources/guidelines/
headneck.pdfwww.ob-ultrasound.nethttp://www.radiologyassistant.nlhttp://radiopaedia.org
REFERENCE