Disorder of Pituitary gland

Disorder of pituitary gland• Hyperpituitarism-Hyperfunctioning of anteriorpituitary gland

Giagantism and acromegalyHyperprolactinaemia and Cushing syndrome

• Hyperfunctioning of posterior pituitary glandInappropriate release of ADH

• Hypopituitarism-Hypofunctioning of anterior pituitary: Seehan’

syndrome and Dwarfism-Hypofunction of posterior pituitary: Diabetes insipidus

Gigantism and Acromegaly

• Clinical syndromes resulting from sustained excess of growth hormone.

Gigantism

-When growth hormone excess occurs prior to closure of epiphysis

-Occurs in prepubertial boys and girls-Clinical features:

Generalized increase in body size with disproportionately long arm and legs.

Acromegaly

• When growth hormone excess occurs after closure of epiphysis

• Acro: extremity: • Mega: Large• Increase growth of extremities• Clinical features: -Soft tissue changes: Skin thickening-Acral enlargement: Large hands and large feet-Bone changes: Growth of lower jaw: Prognathism

AcromegalyGigantism

Dwarfism

• Deficiency of growth hormone in children before growth is completed resulting retarted growth.

• Short stature

Dwarfism

Diabetes insipidus

• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) deficiency causes diabetes insipidus

• Charecterized by excessive urination (polyuria) due to inability of kidney to reabsorb.

• Cause:-Inflammatory and neoplastic lesion of

hypothalamus-Destruction of pituitary gland: head injury,

surgery and radiation…