Can We Live Forever?

Gauging the Future Trajectory of Med Tech Development

Venkat Rajan

2

Agenda Introduction

Overview

Next Generation of Medical Devices & Development

Conclusion

Q&A

3

Maximum Longevity

Enhancing Quality of Life

Surviving Acute

Events

Extending Life

ExpectancyBreaking Through Barriers

Avoiding Preventable Deaths

Maximizing Current Life Expectancy

4

Nitinol (Nickle Titanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory) a case history..

-’Shape Memory Alloy’

-Originally developed by the a Navy

researcher in the 1960’s

-Unique value for military, healthcare, and

other applications immediately

recognized

-First first commercial self expanding

Nitinol stent hits the market in 1998.

-Since that time its utility can be found in a

wide range of cardiovascular, surgical,

dental, and orthopedic implant tools and

technologies.

-’Shape Memory Alloy’

-Originally developed by the a Navy

researcher in the 1960’s

-Unique value for military, healthcare, and

other applications immediately

recognized

-First first commercial self expanding

Nitinol stent hits the market in 1998.

-Since that time its utility can be found in a

wide range of cardiovascular, surgical,

dental, and orthopedic implant tools and

technologies.

5

Nanotechnologies

The development of nanometer scale tools

and structures.

Benefits: Size, Biocompatibility,

Functionally similar to way biology

works.

Applications: Lab-on-chip, Nano Fluidics,

Imaging Probes, Anti-microbial coatings,

bioactive coatings, in situ sensors,

Structural materials.

The development of nanometer scale tools

and structures.

Benefits: Size, Biocompatibility,

Functionally similar to way biology

works.

Applications: Lab-on-chip, Nano Fluidics,

Imaging Probes, Anti-microbial coatings,

bioactive coatings, in situ sensors,

Structural materials.

6

Nanobots

NEMS (nano electromechanical systems)

Nano scale robots that could be controlled

to perform a specific funciton.

Applications: Targeted drug delivery,

cellular manipulation, in-situ surgery,

artificial red blood cells, artificial immune

response system.

NEMS (nano electromechanical systems)

Nano scale robots that could be controlled

to perform a specific funciton.

Applications: Targeted drug delivery,

cellular manipulation, in-situ surgery,

artificial red blood cells, artificial immune

response system.

7

Ferrofluids

Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of

ultrafine magnetic particles. When given

an external electromagnetic charge can

be manipulated.

Benefits: Liquid whose shape and

movements can be controlled precisely.

Healthcare applications: Medical imaging,

implantable sensors, cancer treatment.

Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of

ultrafine magnetic particles. When given

an external electromagnetic charge can

be manipulated.

Benefits: Liquid whose shape and

movements can be controlled precisely.

Healthcare applications: Medical imaging,

implantable sensors, cancer treatment.

8

Transparent Ceramics

Polycrystalline transparent ceramics

such as alumina, are manufactured

materials that have high strength and

are optically transparent.

Advantages: Fabrication, strong, lighter

than metals, transparent. Looks like

glass, strong like a metal.

HC Applications: Implant materials,

Radiation shielding during imaging

procedures.

Polycrystalline transparent ceramics

such as alumina, are manufactured

materials that have high strength and

are optically transparent.

Advantages: Fabrication, strong, lighter

than metals, transparent. Looks like

glass, strong like a metal.

HC Applications: Implant materials,

Radiation shielding during imaging

procedures.

9

Metamaterials

Used to manipulate and/or enhance

electromagnetic waves. Manufactured

by manipulating internal properties and

structure.

-Advantages: Enhances function, make it

smaller, lighter, or cheaper.

-HC Applications: Implantable in situ super

microscopes. Remote Monitoring.

Used to manipulate and/or enhance

electromagnetic waves. Manufactured

by manipulating internal properties and

structure.

-Advantages: Enhances function, make it

smaller, lighter, or cheaper.

-HC Applications: Implantable in situ super

microscopes. Remote Monitoring.

10

Aerogel

A gel like material where the liquid

component of the gel has been replaced

by a gas, a.k.a. Solid smoke.

Advantages: Tremendous insulating

properties, extremely lightweight, strong

load bearing properties.

HC Applications: Biodegradable aerogels

could be used for diagnostic agents,

artificial tissue structures, organs and

organ components etc, and implantable

drug delivery systems.

A gel like material where the liquid

component of the gel has been replaced

by a gas, a.k.a. Solid smoke.

Advantages: Tremendous insulating

properties, extremely lightweight, strong

load bearing properties.

HC Applications: Biodegradable aerogels

could be used for diagnostic agents,

artificial tissue structures, organs and

organ components etc, and implantable

drug delivery systems.

11

Liquid/ Spray on Glass SiO2

Nanoscale thick spray on glass.

Combination of extracted SiO2 with

ethanol or water.

Advantages: Non toxic, flexible, porous,

antibacterial properties.

HC Applications: Spray on for reusable

surgical tools, catheters, needles,

implants, sutures, bandages,

examination tables, beds, other general

surfaces.

Nanoscale thick spray on glass.

Combination of extracted SiO2 with

ethanol or water.

Advantages: Non toxic, flexible, porous,

antibacterial properties.

HC Applications: Spray on for reusable

surgical tools, catheters, needles,

implants, sutures, bandages,

examination tables, beds, other general

surfaces.

12

Computer Brain Interfaces- Cybernetics

Neural system that connects and

interperts biological brain function with

an external device.

Advantages: Restoring mobility despite

lost appendage neural function.

HC Applications: Cybernetic appendiges,

exoskeletan suits, communication

system.

Neural system that connects and

interperts biological brain function with

an external device.

Advantages: Restoring mobility despite

lost appendage neural function.

HC Applications: Cybernetic appendiges,

exoskeletan suits, communication

system.

13

Tissue Engineering

Artificial basic and complex tissue

constructs used to supplament or

replacement of native tissue. Could be

xenograft, allograft, or seeded with

autologus stem cells. Main challenges

are cost & scalability.

-Current: skin substitues, valves, tissue

repair, cosmetic applicaitions.

-Near term: blood vessels

-Long term: Nerve regeneration, pancreas,

liver, lungs, heart.

Artificial basic and complex tissue

constructs used to supplament or

replacement of native tissue. Could be

xenograft, allograft, or seeded with

autologus stem cells. Main challenges

are cost & scalability.

-Current: skin substitues, valves, tissue

repair, cosmetic applicaitions.

-Near term: blood vessels

-Long term: Nerve regeneration, pancreas,

liver, lungs, heart.

14

3D Printing

3D object created by a printer that

successively lays materials layer by

layer to create an object.

Advantages: Precise CAD rendering.

HC applications: tissue engineering,

bioscaffolds, orthopedic, dental.

3D object created by a printer that

successively lays materials layer by

layer to create an object.

Advantages: Precise CAD rendering.

HC applications: tissue engineering,

bioscaffolds, orthopedic, dental.

15

Gene Therapy

Transfer of a given genetic material to

specific target cells to treat a particular

disease.

Involves the identification of the mutated

gene to be replaced for a healthy copy,

and the vector to deliver the healthy

gene to a patient’s cells, and additional

DNA elements to properly activate this

healthy gene.

Applications: Cure mutated cells (cancer),

correct genetic disorders, stop-reverse

aging?

Transfer of a given genetic material to

specific target cells to treat a particular

disease.

Involves the identification of the mutated

gene to be replaced for a healthy copy,

and the vector to deliver the healthy

gene to a patient’s cells, and additional

DNA elements to properly activate this

healthy gene.

Applications: Cure mutated cells (cancer),

correct genetic disorders, stop-reverse

aging?

16

Conclusion

•Life expectancy was:

• 20 in Neolithic times

• 28 in ancient Rome

• 45 in the 1800’s

• ~50 in 1900

• 65 in 1950

• close to 80 Present Day for developed nations

•What is in store for the next 50 years?

•Innovations to accelerate development?

17

Q&A

18

For Additional Information

Contact Information

Venkat RajanIndustry Manager Medical Devices210.247.2427Venkat.Rajan@frost.com