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Plant Research
for curing
U L C E R
Presented by
Dr. Sudhakar Kokate
Director PPRC, India
Ulcer
Ulcer is a sore which means it is an open
painful wound
A break in a bodily membrane
Peptic ulcer is one of the most common
gastrointestinal diseases
More common in adult males
PPRC/INDIA 01
causes
Stress
Hormones
Synthetic drugs
Alcohol
Smoking
Bacterial infection
(Helicobacter pylori)
Sepsis
PPRC/INDIA 02
symptoms
Loss of appetite
Stomach pain
Nausea
Weight loss
Vomiting
Blackish bowel movements
PPRC/INDIA 03
diagnosis
Observing upper gastrointestinal
(GT) series
Endoscopy
PPRC/INDIA 04
Types of ulcer
PPRC/INDIA 05
Peptic Ulcer – Gastrointestinal mucosa (Stomach ulcer) It is most common type of Peptic ulcer
Venous Ulcer – Wound in functioning of valves in the veins
Stress Ulcer – Anywhere within stomach Can be in Proximal duodenum
Ulcerative sarcoidosis – A cutaneous condition affecting people within Sarcoidosis
Types of ulcer
PPRC/INDIA 06
Ulcerative iiche planus – Rare variant of Lichen planus
Ulcerative colitis – Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
Ulcerative disposition – Abnormal distress associated with gastritis
Common forms of ulcer
Ulcer dermatology Break in skin
Pressure ulcers Bedsores
Genital ulcers Genital area
Ulcerative dermatitis Skin disorder
Corneal ulcer Cornea infective condition
Mouth ulcer Open sore in mouth
Aphthous ulcer Canker sore
PPRC/INDIA 07
Drugs presently available
PPRC/INDIA 08
There are number of modern anti- ulcer
drugs commercially available in the
market
But many drugs show various side-
effects evoking an urgent need for
alternative medicine
Common side-effects
PPRC/INDIA 09
Diarrhoea
Abdominal pain
Headache
Nausea
Vomiting
Dizziness
Depression
Constipation
First
effective phyto-drug
on
ulcer
PPRC/INDIA 10
carbenoxolone
PPRC/INDIA 11
Plant: Glycyrrhiza glabra
Ref: Brown H.M., Christie E., Colin Jones,
R.S.H. Finney, W.G. MacGregor, J.M.
Smith, W.G. Smith, F.M. Sullivan, A.L.
Tornoy and E.E. Turner 1959, Lancet 2:492
Glycyrrhiza glabra
PPRC/INDIA 12
One more
phyto-drug for u
on
ulcer
PPRC/INDIA 13
gefarnate
PPRC/INDIA 14
Plant: Brassica oleraceae
Ref:
1. Adami E.E. Marzzi-Uberti & C. Turba 1964 Arch.
Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 147, 113-145
2. Barbara L. Coriandesi M. Giorge – Conciata L.
Luchelta & G. Busca 1974, Current Medical
Research and opinion 2, 399-410
Brassica oleraceae
PPRC/INDIA 15
Abies pindrow
PPRC/INDIA 16
Abies pindrow
PPRC/INDIA 17
Family: Pinaceae
Leaf: Pet. Ether, benzene, chloroform extract
Protective role to aspirin induced Ulcer in Rat
Chemicals: Glycosides and steroid
Aegle marmelos
PPRC/INDIA 18
Aegle marmelos
PPRC/INDIA 19
Family: Rutaceae
Seeds: Chemical Luvangetin
Significant protection in Gastric ulcers in Rats
and Guinea pigs
Aloe barbadensis
PPRC/INDIA 20
Aloe barbadensis
PPRC/INDIA 21
Family: Liliaceae
Leaf extract: Reduced gastric lesions and
lesion index in experimental rats
Alpinia galanga
PPRC/INDIA 22
Alpinia galanga
PPRC/INDIA 23
Family: Zingiberaceae
Ethanolic extract of rhizomes exhibited
gastric antisecretory, anti-ulcer and
cytoprotective activities in rats
Althaea rosea
PPRC/INDIA 24
Althaea rosea
PPRC/INDIA 25
Family: Malvaceae
Stem decreased ulcer in rats
Chemicals: Polysaccharides
Amomum subulatum
PPRC/INDIA 26
Amomum subulatum
PPRC/INDIA 27
Family: Zingiberaceae
Methanolic extract reduced the gastric
motility
Anchusa strigosa
PPRC/INDIA 28
Anchusa strigosa
PPRC/INDIA 29
Family: Boraginaceae
Root extract showed significant protection
Andrographis paniculata
PPRC/INDIA 30
Andrographis paniculata
PPRC/INDIA 31
Family: Acanthaceae
A flavone produced significant reduction in
rats and guinea pigs
Aparisthmium cordatum
PPRC/INDIA 32
Aparisthmium cordatum
PPRC/INDIA 33
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Aparisthman, a diterpene showed effect in
different ulcer models
Asarum europaeum
PPRC/INDIA 34
Asarum europaeum
PPRC/INDIA 35
Family: Aristolochiaceae
Compound isolated from roots
Roots: showed anti-ulcer activity
Asparagus pubescens
PPRC/INDIA 36
Asparagus pubescens
PPRC/INDIA 37
Family: Liliaceae
Methanolic extract reduces ulcer
Asparagus racemosus
PPRC/INDIA 38
Asparagus racemosus
PPRC/INDIA 39
Family: Liliaceae
Dry roots prevented the formation of
duodenal ulcer in rats
Azadirachta indica
PPRC/INDIA 40
Azadirachta indica
PPRC/INDIA 41
Family: Meliaceae
The extracts of bark, leaves and nimbidin – oil
from seeds showed anti-ulcer activity in male
rats
Bacopa monnieri
PPRC/INDIA 42
Bacopa monnieri
PPRC/INDIA 43
Family: Scrophulariaceae
Juice produced significant anti-ulcer activity
Benincasa hispida
PPRC/INDIA 44
Benincasa hispida
PPRC/INDIA 45
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Different extracts are effective
Bidens pilosa
PPRC/INDIA 46
Bidens pilosa
PPRC/INDIA 47
Family: Asteraceae
Ethanolic, methylene chloride extracts
showed significant activity in rats
Brassica oleraceae
PPRC/INDIA 48
Brassica oleraceae
PPRC/INDIA 49
Family: Brassicaceae
Aqueous extract of leaves is significant
Bupleurum falcatum
PPRC/INDIA 50
Bupleurum falcatum
PPRC/INDIA 51
Family: Apiaceae
Polysaccharides fraction active against ulcer
in rats
Caesalpinia ferrea
PPRC/INDIA 52
Caesalpinia ferrea
PPRC/INDIA 53
Family: Caesalpiniaceae
Stem extract is effective
Calotropis procera
PPRC/INDIA 54
Calotropis procera
PPRC/INDIA 55
Family: Asclepidaceae
Chloroform extract is effective
Calligonum comosum
PPRC/INDIA 56
Calligonum comosum
PPRC/INDIA 57
Family: Polygonaceae
Ethanolic extracts of aerial parts is active
Camellia sinensis
PPRC/INDIA 58
Camellia sinensis
PPRC/INDIA 59
Family: Theaceae
Extract reduced the incidence
Cassia nigricans
PPRC/INDIA 60
Cassia nigricans
PPRC/INDIA 61
Family: Fabaceae
Extract of leaves is active
Catha edulis
PPRC/INDIA 62
Catha edulis
PPRC/INDIA 63
Family: Celastraceae
Extract of aerial parts produced anti-ulcer
activity
Centella asiatica
PPRC/INDIA 64
Centella asiatica
PPRC/INDIA 65
Family: Apiaceae
Leaf extract inhibited ulcer
Cinnamomum cassia
PPRC/INDIA 66
Cinnamomum cassia
PPRC/INDIA 67
Family: Lauraceae
Compounds from bark produced anti-ulcer
activity
Cistus incanus
PPRC/INDIA 68
Cistus incanus
PPRC/INDIA 69
Family: Cistaceae
Aqueous extract of aerial parts showed the
anti-ulcer activity in rats
Convolvulus pluricaulis
PPRC/INDIA 70
Convolvulus pluricaulis
PPRC/INDIA 71
Family: Convolvulaceae
Juice of fresh whole plant showed
ulcerogenic effects
Capaifera langsdorfii
PPRC/INDIA 72
Capaifera langsdorfii
PPRC/INDIA 73
Family: Fabaceae
Product obtained from stem bark protected
against gastric damage
Croton cajucara
PPRC/INDIA 74
Croton cajucara
PPRC/INDIA 75
Family: Euphorbiaceae
The essential oil significantly reduced gastric
lesions in different experimental models
Cryptomeria japonica
PPRC/INDIA 76
Cryptomeria japonica
PPRC/INDIA 77
Family: Cupressaceae
Essential oil from leaves exhibited strong
inhibitory activity
Curcuma longa
PPRC/INDIA 78
Curcuma longa
PPRC/INDIA 79
Family: Zingiberaceae
Ethanol extract produced significant results in
rats
Curcuma zedoaria
PPRC/INDIA 80
Curcuma zedoaria
PPRC/INDIA 81
Family: Zingiberaceae
Extract of rhizomes inhibited gastric ulcer
Diodia sarmentosa
PPRC/INDIA 82
Diodia sarmentosa
PPRC/INDIA 83
Family: Rubiaceae
Extract of whole plant is effective
Dombeya buettneri
PPRC/INDIA 84
Dombeya buettneri
PPRC/INDIA 85
Family: Sterculiaceae
Aqueous extract of leaves is effective
Emblica officinalis
PPRC/INDIA 86
Emblica officinalis
PPRC/INDIA 87
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Alcohol extract significantly inhibited the
development of gastric lesions in all test
models
Evodia rutaecarpa
PPRC/INDIA 88
Evodia rutaecarpa
PPRC/INDIA 89
Family: Rutaceae
Eight compounds synthesized from this plant
showed significant activity
Ferula species
PPRC/INDIA 90
Ferula species
PPRC/INDIA 91
Family: Apiaceae
Colloidal solution of Ferula species showed
significant protection
Ficus exasperata
PPRC/INDIA 92
Ficus exasperata
PPRC/INDIA 93
Family: Moraceae
Extracts of leaves produced effect in rats
Ficus racemosa
PPRC/INDIA 94
Ficus racemosa
PPRC/INDIA 95
Family: Moraceae
Aqueous extract of dried bark produced
effect in rats
Gingko biloba
PPRC/INDIA 96
Gingko biloba
PPRC/INDIA 97
Family: Gingkoaceae
Extracts are effective
Hippocratea excelsa
PPRC/INDIA 98
Hippocratea excelsa
PPRC/INDIA 99
Family: Hippocrataceae
Aqueous and ethanol extract of root, bark
showed an important gastroprotective effect
in rats
Iris germanica
PPRC/INDIA 100
Iris germanica
PPRC/INDIA 101
Family: Iruaceae
Terpene derivatives inhibited ulcer
Lippia alba
PPRC/INDIA 102
Lippia alba
PPRC/INDIA 103
Family: Verbenaceae
Oral administration prevented ulcer
Maytenus aquifolium
PPRC/INDIA 104
Maytenus aquifolium
PPRC/INDIA 105
Family: Celastraceae
Aqueous infusion reduced ulcer
Melia azedarachta
PPRC/INDIA 106
Melia azedarachta
PPRC/INDIA 107
Family: Meliaceae
Lipid components from fruits showed
significant activity
Microgramma squamulosa
PPRC/INDIA 108
Microgramma squamulosa
PPRC/INDIA 109
Family: Polypodiaceae
Extract of plant rhizome showed significant
activity
Momordica charantia
PPRC/INDIA 110
Momordica charantia
PPRC/INDIA 111
Family: Cucurbitaceae
The olive oil extract and dried powder of
fruits in filtered honey showed significant and
dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic activity
Musa paradisiaca
PPRC/INDIA 112
Musa paradisiaca
PPRC/INDIA 113
Family: Musaceae
Compounds from fruits reported to be active
in rats
Methanolic extract showed activity in rats
Myristica fragrans
PPRC/INDIA 114
Myristica fragrans
PPRC/INDIA 115
Family: Myristicaceae
Eugenol: Active principle of Nutmeg seeds
significantly reduced the gravity of gastric
ulcer
Nigella sativa
PPRC/INDIA 116
Nigella sativa
PPRC/INDIA 117
Family: Ranunculaceae
Oil significantly reduced ulcers in rats
Ocimum basilicum
PPRC/INDIA 118
Ocimum basilicum
PPRC/INDIA 119
Family: Laminaceae
Flavonoid and glycosides of leaves decreased
the ulcer index
Ocimum sanctum
PPRC/INDIA 120
Ocimum sanctum
PPRC/INDIA 121
Family: Laminaceae
Aqueous extract of leaves reduced ulcer in
rats
Opuntia ficus-indica
PPRC/INDIA 122
Opuntia ficus-indica
PPRC/INDIA 123
Family: Cactaceae
Showed significant action in rats
Paedaria foetida
PPRC/INDIA 124
Paedaria foetida
PPRC/INDIA 125
Family: Rubiaceae
Aqueous extract, ethanol extract and leaf
juice revealed significant anti-ulcer activity
Panax ginseng
PPRC/INDIA 126
Panax ginseng
PPRC/INDIA 127
Family: Araliaceae
Polysaccharides obtained from leaves
produced anti-ulcer activity
Parkia biglandulosa
PPRC/INDIA 128
Parkia biglandulosa
PPRC/INDIA 129
Family: Fabiaceae
Ethanol extract of leaves is active
Phyllanthus emblica
PPRC/INDIA 130
Phyllanthus emblica
PPRC/INDIA 131
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Butanol extract of water fraction of fruits
active
Picrorrhiza kurroa
PPRC/INDIA 132
Picrorrhiza kurroa
PPRC/INDIA 133
Family: Scrophulariaceae
Ethanol extract of rhizomes and roots
prevented ulcer
Piper betle
PPRC/INDIA 134
Piper betle
PPRC/INDIA 135
Family: Piperaceae
Alcoholic extract of leaves prevented
Stachytarpheta cayennensis
PPRC/INDIA 136
Stachytarpheta cayennensis
PPRC/INDIA 137
Family: Verbenaceae
Aqueous extract of whole plant inhibited
ulcerogenic activity
Strychnos nux-vomica
PPRC/INDIA 138
Strychnos nux-vomica
PPRC/INDIA 139
Family: Loganiaceae
Oral administration of seed powder produced
anti-ulcer activity
Styrax camporum
PPRC/INDIA 140
Styrax camporum
PPRC/INDIA 141
Family: Styracaceae
Stem extract prevented ulcerogenic activity
Tectona grandis
PPRC/INDIA 142
Tectona grandis
PPRC/INDIA 143
Family: Verbenaceae
Ethanol extract of bark and wood chips waas
found to have significant activity
Teucrium buxifolium
PPRC/INDIA 144
Teucrium buxifolium
PPRC/INDIA 145
Family: Lamiaceae
Significant ulcerogenic activity noted in
addition to other anti-inflammatory
properties
Theobroma cacao
PPRC/INDIA 146
Theobroma cacao
PPRC/INDIA 147
Family: Sterculiaceae
Compound prevented ulcer
Trigonella foenum-graenum
PPRC/INDIA 148
Trigonella foenum-graenum
PPRC/INDIA 149
Family: Fabaceae
Aqueous extract of seeds show significant
ulcer protective effects
Turnea ulmifolia
PPRC/INDIA 150
Turnea ulmifolia
PPRC/INDIA 151
Family: Turneraceae
Ethanolic extract of aerial parts showed
activity in rats
Viburnum dilatatum
PPRC/INDIA 152
Viburnum dilatatum
PPRC/INDIA 153
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Effective against ulcerogenic activity
Voacanga africana
PPRC/INDIA 154
Voacanga africana
PPRC/INDIA 155
Family: Apocynaceae
Methanolic extract exhibited activity
Wilbrandia ebracteata
PPRC/INDIA 156
Wilbrandia ebracteata
PPRC/INDIA 157
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Leaf extract reduced gastric damage
Withania somnifera
PPRC/INDIA 158
Withania somnifera
PPRC/INDIA 159
Family: Solanaceae
Oral administration prevented ulcer
Zingiber officinale
PPRC/INDIA 160
Zingiber officinale
PPRC/INDIA 161
Family: Zingiberaceae
Acetone extract of rhizome showed activity
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