National Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Sri Lanka

National Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Sri Lanka

Athula Senaratne Research Fellow, IPS

Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka

Scope

• NAP Process and Sri Lanka

• An outline of the proposed plan: Purpose, Structure, Scope and Principles

• Methodological Approach

• Timeline


NAP Process and Sri Lanka


NAP process• UNFCC Guideline

– Identifies NAP as a process to develop the capacity and knowledge to support decision-making

• Key steps of the process– Laying the groundwork and identification of gaps: Pre-

planning stage– Making preparatory activities: Planning stage– Implementation: Post-planning stage– Reporting, monitoring and reviewing: Post-planning

activities

• A generalized approach– Can be customized to specific situation in different

countries


Laying the groundwork• Initiating and launching NAP process

– Sri Lanka has already launched the NAP process– Important milestones

• National Climate Change Policy (NCCP; 2012): Overall national vision and principles

• National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (NCCAS 2011-16; 2010): Strategic priority areas

• Climate Change Secretariat (CCS): Established as the focal point• National Climate Change Adaptation Plan 2014: Logical next step

• Stocktaking, synthesizing and identifying vulnerabilities– Two national communications have been issued (2001 & 2011)– Sector vulnerability profiles (SVPs) have been developed– Technology needs assessment (TNA) has been carried out

• A solid foundation exists for initiating the ‘Action Plan’


Laying the groundwork (contd.)• Major Gaps

– Information gaps• Poor system of climate & weather information products (CIPs)

– Technological gaps• Necessary actions to implement identified technological options

– Policy & governance gaps• Some developments in national level policy. Overall policy attention

is low. Limited developments in sector, sub national levels

– Institutional and coordination gaps • Impacts spread over several sectors and regions. Proper

coordination is essential

– Resource mobilization gaps • The key challenge to be faced. Cannot be relied on public sources of

finance alone. Innovative strategy of resource mobilization is necessary


Making Preparatory Activities

• Major activities– Real planning stage

• Analyzing current and future climate scenarios• Assessing vulnerabilities• Identifying, reviewing and assessing adaptation options• Compiling and communicating the ‘Action Plan’

• Sri Lanka can directly start from this stage– Selection of desired interventions with specific timelines

• For overcoming the major gaps• For increasing the adaptive capacity of all stakeholders• For reducing the vulnerability


Implementation and Monitoring

• Post-planning stages – Should be considered in the Plan– Built-in mechanisms for implementation and monitoring

• Implementation strategy – How the selected interventions are implemented

• Use the existing channels/strategies as far as possible

• Reporting, monitoring and reviewing– How the progress of implementation of planned activities are

monitored• Review the progress and update periodically to match with changing

conditions


Objectives of the NAP Process• Identify suitable interventions (adaptation options) that can enhance

adaptive capacity and reduce vulnerability of stakeholders at all levels

• Develop a realistic plan of action with specific timelines and responsible stakeholders to implement the identified interventions

• Identify suitable implementation strategies to carry out planned activities by relevant stakeholders (e.g. sectoral, provincial)

• Establish an appropriate institutional mechanism for coordination of decisions taken at different levels and actions carried out by various stakeholders

• Devise an effective mechanism for monitoring and reviewing the progress of implementation and adaptive updating of the plan


An Outline: Purpose, Structure, Scope & Principles


Role and Function

• A rolling plan• Revised periodically according to changing conditions

• Consisted of a selection of practical interventions• Identified by relevant stakeholders : Consultative approach• Useful for overcoming major gaps in efficient manner

• Guided by principles of NCCP

• Consistent with NCCAAS 2011-16 as far as possible• Provides an outline of priorities


Purpose of the Plan

Current state of Adaptive

Capacity & Vulnerability

Action Plan Goals

• Goals• Specific targets or end results

₋ Adaptive capacity of all stakeholders increased₋ Vulnerability of all stakeholders reduced

• Objectives• Measures of change to bring about the goals. Each goal may

require a number of objectives₋ Overcoming major gaps


Structure of the Plan

Inputs (for short-medium and long term activities)

Activities/InterventionsShort term Medium term Long term

ObjectivesShort term Medium term Long term

GoalsDesired levels of adaptive

capacity Reduction of vulnerability

Physical

Progress reports and achievements of KPIs

Financial

Interventions: activities, programs, projects etc…

Means of verification/responsibility, Time plan of actions and an assessment of resources need

National/regional/local institutions

Monitoring of field activities

Physical


Scope of the Plan

• National level planning issues (Programmatic Areas) – Cross-cutting issues that pervade sectoral and regional boundaries

• Sectoral planning issues– Issues that can be handled within sectors serviced by line

ministries and line agencies

• Regional planning issues– Issues that can be managed within identified geographical

boundaries through existing sub national governance agencies


Scope of the Plan

• National level planning issues (Programmatic Areas) • Policy, legal and governing issues• Institutional development and coordination• International cooperation and negotiations• Resource mobilization • Research and development on cross-cutting climate issues• Building adaptive capacity of communities • Technology transfer and standards• Education and awareness• Extreme events and disaster risk reduction• Climate information management


Scope of the Plan (contd.)

• Sectoral planning issues• Food security: agriculture, livestock, fisheries• Health and diseases• Water resources• Coastal and marine resources• Eco-systems and bio-diversity• Human settlements and infrastructure• Industry, energy and transportation• Tourism and recreation• Export development sector


Scope of the Plan (contd.)

• Regional planning issues• Provincial• District• Local government authorities


Principles and Approaches

Mainstreaming: – Comprehensive– Informed– Prioritized– Regularly attended– Ensured of sufficient resources – Coordinated

• In practice, ‘mainstreaming’ implies incorporating the decision-making, implementation and monitoring through established mechanisms as far as possible

Integrated: • Take all interrelated issues together when selecting interventions so

that effective, inclusive and efficient outcomes are ensured


Principles and Approaches (contd.)

Adaptive• Future is uncertain yet actions cannot be delayed awaiting more

information before it is too late

• Adaptive decision-making– Interventions should be robust and resilient to a wide range of scenarios

as far possible– Decision-making should be flexible to make adjustments according to

emerging information

Anticipatory • Adaptation could be anticipatory and reactive• Reactive responses could be costly• Interventions of the plan should take the anticipatory approach


Implementation Strategy

National level/cross-cutting planning

issues e.g. climate information

Sectoral/thematic issues

e.g. agriculture

Regional issues e.g. floods in paddy

cultivating districts/provinces

• National institute, ex: Meteorology department

• Regional offices

• Department of agriculture

• Other agriculture related institutes such as RRI, TRI, CRI, RRDI• National level agencies and their local offices

• Provincial councils, local authorities and district development councils


Coordination Strategy

National focal point

(NFP): Climate Change

Secretariat

Climate cells for

sectors

Climate cells for regions


Resource Mobilization Mechanism

Type of resources needed: Technical, physical, financial

Source of financing: Public money, donor money, public private partnerships

Resource allocation strategy: For what should be allocated Whom should be allocated


Methodological Approach


Consultative Approach• Review of available information

– Existing local information and plans prepared by other countries

• Initial brainstorming session– Focused discussion

• Preparation of detailed outline– Revised according to initial comments

• Consultation workshops– Workshop for systematic gathering of stakeholder inputs through series

of working group exercises

• Preparation of the initial draft of the plan– Developed using detailed outline and workshop inputs

• Preparation of the final draft– Developed by incorporation of comments of MERE, CCS and NAC


Timeline

Timeline

Month 1

Month 2

Month 3

Month 4

Month 5

Month 6

Concept note

Brainstorming session

Review of information

Detailed outline

Consultation workshops

Initial draft

Final draft


Thank You

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National Climate Change Adaptation Plan for Sri Lanka