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Making Open the Default
Björn BrembsUniversität Regensburg
http://brembs.net - @brembs
SCHOLARSHIP
Scientists produce publications, data and code
PROBLEM I
Dysfunctional scholarly literature
Antiquated Functionality• Limited access• No scientific impact
analysis• Lousy peer-review • No global search• No functional hyperlinks• Useless data visualization• No submission standards• (Almost) no statistics• No content-mining• No effective way to sort,
filter and discover• No networking feature• etc.
…it’s like the web in 1995!
PROBLEM II
Scientific data in peril
Small Data – Long Tail
Report on Integration of Data and Publications, ODE Report 2011http://www.alliancepermanentaccess.org/wp-content/plugins/download-monitor/download.php?id=ODE+Report+on+Integration+of+Data+and+Publications
PROBLEM III
Non-existent software archives
UNIVAC (A-2) 1953
Today‘s Institutional Dystopia
• Email• Webspace• Blog• Library access card• ‘Green’ OA repository
• No archiving of publications• No archiving of code• No archiving of data
How bad is it?
575+ solutions and counting…
How bad is it really?
Only the best publish in high-ranking journals
Main Problems with the IF• Negotiable • Irreproducible • Mathematically
unsoundBrembs, B., Button, K., & Munafò, M. (2013). Deep impact: unintended consequences of journal rank. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00291
OUR JOURNALS
Is journal prestige like astrology?
Journal Rank and Citations
The weakening relationship between the Impact Factor and papers' citations in the digital age (2012): George A. Lozano, Vincent Lariviere, Yves Gingras arXiv:1205.4328
Journal Rank and Methodology I
Macleod MR, et al. (2015) Risk of Bias in Reports of In Vivo Research: A Focus for Improvement. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002273
Journal Rank and Methodology II
Brembs, B., Button, K., & Munafò, M. (2013). Deep impact: unintended consequences of journal rank. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00291
Journal Rank and Experimental Design
Munafò, M., Stothart, G., & Flint, J. (2009). Bias in genetic association studies and impact factor DOI: 10.1038/mp.2008.77
Journal Rank and Quality
Brown, E. N., & Ramaswamy, S. (2007). Quality of protein crystal structures. doi:10.1107/S0907444907033847
INCENTIVES
“High-Impact” journals attract the most unreliable research
Journal Rank and Fraud/Error
Fang et al. (2012): Misconduct accounts for the majority of retracted scientific publications. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1212247109
Journal Rank and Retractions
Data from: Fang, F., & Casadevall, A. (2011). RETRACTED SCIENCE AND THE RETRACTION INDEX DOI: 10.1128/IAI.05661-11
Retractions on the Rise
2005
2013
2013
“Do you trust scientists?”
THAT‘S HOW BAD IT IS
The disaster that is our digital infrastructure
Access?
WHAT NOW?
Save time and money by making science open by default as an added benefit
OPEN SCIENCE
Effortless, low-risk and by default
Software to control the experiment and save the data
Software to analyze and visualize the data
GitHub
Scientific Code with Persistent Identifiers
Y O U
Bewerbungshinweise
Bewerbungshinweise
Publikationstätigkeit(vollständige Publikationsliste, darunter Originalarbeiten als Erstautor/in, Seniorautor/in, Impact-Punkte insgesamt und in den letzten 5 Jahren, darunter jeweils gesondert ausgewiesen als Erst- und Seniorautor/in, persönlicher Scientific Citations Index (SCI, h-Index nach Web of Science) über alle Arbeiten)
Publications:Complete list of publications, including original research papers as first author, senior author, impact points total and in the last 5 years, with marked first and last-authorships, personal Scientific Citations Index (SCI, h-Index according to Web of Science) for all publications.
What can ECRs do right now?
1) Publish in the “Journal of Unreliable Research” of your field – or take your chances#getyourGlam
What can ECRs do right now?
2) Publish everything else where publication is quick and where it can be widely read#dontwastetimepublishing
What can ECRs do right now?
3) Ask your PI what will happen to all the work you put into your code & data and how you can get as many people as possible to use it#openscience
What can ECRs do right now?
1. #getyourGlam2. #dontwastetimepublishing3. #openscience4. #wearyouropenonyoursleeve
Potential for Innovation
(Sources: Van Noorden, R. (2013). Open access: The true cost of science publishing. doi:10.1038/495426a, Packer, A. L. (2010). The SciELO Open Access: A Gold Way from the South. Can. J. High. Educ. 39, 111–126)
Potential for innovation: 9.8b p.a.
Cost
s [th
ousa
nd U
S$/a
rticle
]
Legacy SciELO
1. International Coordination
2. Cancel all subscriptions
3. Implement current technology
INFRASTRUCTURE
Scientific source code
INFRASTRUCTURE
Research data
INFRASTRUCTURE
Narrative
The square traversal process has been the foundation of scholarly
communication for nearly 400 years!